Abstract: In order to approach the possibility and scale of hydrocarbon generation of the Longtan Formation of Upper Permian System in the Jurong Basin, the paper studied the maceral composition and geochemical characteristics of coals. The result shows the coal of the Longtan Formation is in the evolutionary stage of gas-fat coals, the content of bitumen A is 4.89%; which is composed of more than 50% resin and asphaltene, and the content of aromatics is three times higher than that of saturated hydrocarbons.The organic matter is rich in higher plants, according to the analyses of GC,LC, IR spectroscopy and GC-MS. Furthermore, maceral examination and thermal simulated experiments were made, which showed that the content of exinite is 22.9%, and its productivity of liquid hydrocarbons is 36mg/g.c. The coal in the Longtan Formation is thought to have definite hydrocarbon generating potential.