Abstract: The potential injuring factors and mechanism of igneous reservoirs,which are a kind of special lithologic reservoirs,are both difficult geological problems need to be studied. Selecting diabase reservoirs as study objects,using at present advanced microcosmic analysing and testing technologies and starting with microcosmic matter composition and structure in this paper,the potential injuring factors and mechanism of diabase reservoirs as well as their research method and train of thoughts were studied. This will be of directive significance for the exploration and development of the same kind of reservoirs and the same kind of research.