Abstract: In this paper,by combining elements,galaxies,the earth and the original and evolutionary history of organism with the original and evolutionary history of hydrocarbon,it was considered that hydrocarbon began to generate after the occurrence of carbon and hydrogen elements in the cosmos,and evolved till present,that is,the formation of hydrocarbon can be traced back to the astronomical period and can continue to the geologic period even the humane period.In no matter which oil-generating hypothesis,hydrocarbon cannot be formed without hydrocarbon antecedent matter or hydrocarbon-generating original matter.Hydrocarbon antecedent matter is organic matter of various sources,including lipin,protein,carbohydrate,lignin,hydrocarbon and the material needed by the synthesis of carbon and hydrogen elements.It was suggested that hydrocarbon antecedent matter was formed before the formation of life,accompanying the evolution from elements to inorganic matter to galaxies,the evolution from inorganic matter to simple organic matter and the evolution from simple organic matter to life origin.The hydrocarbon resource eva-luation system should be based on the hydrocarbon historical origin hypothesis.