风化壳古岩溶型碳酸盐岩储层成岩作用与成岩相

何江; 冯春强; 马岚; 乔琳; 王勇

doi:10.11781/sysydz201501008

风化壳古岩溶型碳酸盐岩储层成岩作用与成岩相

doi: 10.11781/sysydz201501008

何江^1,2,
冯春强²,
马岚²,
乔琳³,
王勇³

1.
成都理工大学地球科学学院, 成都 610059
2. 西南石油大学, 成都 610500
3. 中国石油西南油气田分公司, 成都 610051

基金项目: 国家油气重大专项"岩性地层油气藏成藏规律、关键技术及目标评价"(2011ZX05001)资助.

详细信息

作者简介:
何江(1981-),男,博士,讲师,沉积岩石学和储层地质学专业.E-mail: 78197878@ qq. com.

中图分类号: TE122.2
计量
- 文章访问数: 1135
- HTML全文浏览量: 72
- PDF下载量: 1045
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2014-09-08
- 修回日期: 2014-12-10
- 刊出日期: 2015-01-28

Diagenesis and diagenetic facies of crust-weathered ancient karst carbonate reservoirs

1.
College of Earth Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
2. Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
3. PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gas Field Branch, Chengdu, Sichuan 610051, China

摘要

摘要: 以鄂尔多斯盆地靖边气田北部马家沟组马五₄¹小层为例,通过详细的井下地质调查、典型成岩特征写实、系统取样和室内测试等研究,以地质背景和古岩溶岩石学特征为主线,精细解剖风化壳古岩溶型碳酸盐岩储层成岩作用特征,并进行成岩相识别.研究发现:马五₄¹小层海水成岩环境以白云岩化作用和硬石膏化作用为主,受控于古地理格局;表生成岩环境发育溶孔缝型和溶洞型溶解充填作用,受控于古岩溶地貌;埋藏成岩环境常见扩溶型溶解作用.基于成岩作用与孔渗网络耦合关系,采用"海水成岩环境成岩作用+表生成岩环境成岩作用"组合原则划分出4种典型成岩相类型:(Ⅰ)硬石膏小结核白云岩化—溶孔缝型中—弱充填相,(Ⅱ)硬石膏小结核白云岩化—溶孔缝型中—强充填相,(Ⅲ)白云岩化—溶洞型强充填相,(Ⅳ)硬石膏岩化—溶孔缝型强充填—溶洞型强充填相.其中Ⅰ类相区优质储集岩类发育,岩溶强度适中,(沉淀)充填中—弱,易形成裂缝—溶(孔)洞型储层,是为最有利的成岩相区.
- 成岩相 /
- 成岩作用 /
- 风化壳古岩溶 /
- 碳酸盐岩 /
- 马家沟组 /
- 靖边气田 /
- 鄂尔多斯盆地
Abstract: In the north of the Jingbian Gas Field in the Ordos Basin, a case study was made of the first section of the fourth sub-member of the fifth member of the Majiagou Formation (M5₄¹). Through detailed subsurface geological analysis, a realistic description of typical diagenetic features, systematic sampling and laboratory testing, with geological background and petrological characteristics as main clue, the diagenesis characteristics of crust-weathered ancient karst carbonate reservoirs were analyzed, and the diagenetic facies were recognized. The marine diagenetic environment of M5₄¹ was influenced by dolomitization and anhydritization, and was controlled by the palaeogeographic framework. As to the epidiagenetic environment controlled by ancient karst physiognomy, dissolution and packing effects of dissolved pore, fracture and cave types took place. For the buried diagenetic environment, extensive dissolution was common. Based on the coupling relationship between diagenesis and porosity-permeability network, a "diagenesis in marine diagenetic environment + diagenesis in epidiagenetic environment" combination principle was adopted to divide the diagenetic facies into four typical types: (Ⅰ) medium-weak filling facies of anhydrite small nodule dolomitization-dissolved pore and fracture type; (Ⅱ) medium-strong filling facies of anhydrite small nodule dolomitization-dissolved pore and fracture type; (Ⅲ) strong filling facies of dolomitization-dissolved cave type; and (Ⅳ) strong filling facies of anhydrite lithification-dissolved pore and fracture type, and strong filling facies of dissolved cave type. With well-developed premium reservoir rocks, moderate karst intensity and medium-weak (deposition) filling, the type-Ⅰ area was favorable for fracture-cave reservoir development.
- diagenetic facies /
- diagenesis /
- crust-weathered ancient karst /
- carbonate rock /
- Majiagou Formation /
- Jingbian Gas Field /
- Ordos Basin

HTML全文

参考文献(29)

[1]	张宝民,刘静江.中国岩溶储集层分类与特征及相关的理论问题[J].石油勘探与开发,2009,36(1):12-29. Zhang Baomin,Liu Jingjiang.Classification and characteristics of karst reservoirs in China and related theories[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2009,36(1):12-29.
[2]	邸领军,杨承运,杨奕华,等.鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系马家沟组溶斑形成机理[J].沉积学报,2003,21(2):260-264. Di Lingjun,Yang Chengyun,Yang Yihua,et al.Solution spot genetic mechanism of Majiagou Formation in Ordovician of Ordos Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2003,21(2):260-264.
[3]	马永生,李启明,关德师,等.鄂尔多斯盆地中部气田奥陶系马五₄¹碳酸盐岩微相特征与储层不均质性研究[J].沉积学报,1996,14(1):22-32. Ma Yongsheng,Li Qiming,Guan Deshi,et al.Carbonate microfacies characteristics and reservoir heterogeneity of the Ordovician weathering crust (O₁ma5₄¹) of the Zhongbu Gasfield,Ordos Basin,Northwest China[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1996,14(1):22-32.
[4]	李启桂,李克胜,周卓铸,等.四川盆地桐湾不整合面古地貌特征与岩溶分布预测[J].石油与天然气地质,2013,34(4):516-521. Li Qigui,Li Kesheng,Zhou Zhuozhu,et al.Palaeogeomorphology and karst distribution of Tongwan unconformity in Sichuan Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2013,34(4):516-521.
[5]	姜自然,陆正元,吕宗刚,等.四川盆地东吴期泸州古隆起与茅口组碳酸盐岩缝洞储层分布[J].石油实验地质,2014,36(4):411-415. Jiang Ziran,Lu Zhengyuan,Lü Zonggang,et al.Distribution of carbonate fractured and vuggy reservoirs of Maokou Formation in Luzhou Paleo-uplift during Dongwu Movement,Sichuan Basin[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2014,36(4):411-415.
[6]	张兵,郑荣才,王绪本,等.四川盆地东部黄龙组古岩溶特征与储集层分布[J].石油勘探与开发,2011,38(3):257-267. Zhang Bing,Zheng Rongcai,Wang Xuben,et al.Paleokarst and re-servoirs of the Huanglong Formation in eastern Sichuan Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2011,38(3):257-267.
[7]	唐宇.川西地区雷口坡组沉积与其顶部风化壳储层特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2013,34(1):42-47. Tang Yu.Characterization of the sedimentation of the Leikoupo Formation and the weathering crust reservoirs at the top of the formation in western Sichuan Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2013,34(1):42-47.
[8]	陈景山,李忠,王振宇,等.塔里木盆地奥陶系碳酸盐岩古岩溶作用与储层分布[J].沉积学报,2007,25(6):858-868. Chen Jingshan,Li Zhong,Wang Zhenyu,et al.Paleokarstification and reservoir distribution of Ordovician carbonates in Tarim Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2007,25(6):858-868.
[9]	朱东亚,孟庆强,胡文瑄,等.塔里木盆地深层寒武系地表岩溶型白云岩储层及后期流体改造作用[J].地质论评,2012,58(4):691-701. Zhu Dongya,Meng Qingqiang,Hu Wenxuan,et al.Deep Cambrian surface-karst dolomite reservoir and its alteration by later fluid in Tarim Basin[J].Geological Review,2012,58(4):691-701.
[10]	罗春树,杨海军,李江海,等.塔中奥陶系优质储集层特征及断裂控制作用[J].石油勘探与开发,2011,38(6):716-724. Luo Chunshu,Yang Haijun,Li Jianghai,et al.Characteristics of high quality Ordovician reservoirs and controlling effects of faults in the Tazhong area,Tarim Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2011,38(6):716-724.
[11]	乔桂林,钱一雄,曹自成,等.塔里木盆地玉北地区奥陶系鹰山组储层特征及岩溶模式[J].石油实验地质,2014,36(4):416-421. Qiao Guilin,Qian Yixiong,Cao Zicheng,et al.Reservoir characteristics and karst model of Ordovician Yingshan Formation in Yubei area,Tarim Basin[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2014,36(4):416-421.
[12]	谢欣睿,毛健,王振宇.塔中北斜坡奥陶系鹰山组岩溶作用与储层分布[J].断块油气田,2013,20(3):324-328. Xie Xinrui,Mao Jian,Wang Zhenyu.Karstification and reservoir distribution of Ordovician Yingshan Formation in the northern slope of Tazhong[J].Fault-Block Oil & Gas Field,2013,20(3):324-328.
[13]	郭秋麟,杨文静,肖中尧,等.不整合面下缝洞岩体油气运聚模型:以塔里木盆地碳酸盐岩油藏为例[J].石油实验地质,2013,35(5):495-499. Guo Qiulin,Yang Wenjing,Xiao Zhongyao,et al.Hydrocarbon migration and accumulation model of fractured-vuggy reservoir under unconformity surface:A case study of carbonate reservoir in Tarim Basin[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2013,35(5):495-499.
[14]	邬光辉,李洪辉,张立平,等.塔里木盆地麦盖提斜坡奥陶系风化壳成藏条件[J].石油勘探与开发,2012,39(2):144-153. Wu Guanghui,Li Honghui,Zhang Liping,et al.Reservoir-forming conditions of the Ordovician weathering crust in the Maigaiti slope,Tarim Basin,NW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2012,39(2):144-153.
[15]	王英华.碳酸盐岩成岩作用与孔隙演化[J].沉积学报,1992,10(3):85-95. Wang Yinghua.Carbonate diagenesis and porosity evolution[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1992,10(3):85-95.
[16]	赵文智,沈安江,胡素云,等.中国碳酸盐岩储集层大型化发育的地质条件与分布特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2012,39(1):1-12. Zhao Wenzhi,Shen Anjiang,Hu Suyun,et al.Geological conditions and distributional features of large-scale carbonate reservoirs onshore China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2012,39(1):1-12.
[17]	李汉瑜,张锦泉.古岩溶与油气储层[M].成都:成都科技大学出版社,1991. Li Hanyu,Zhang Jinquan.Paleokarst and oil and gas reservoir[M].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Science and Technology Press,1991.
[18]	邹才能,陶士振,周慧,等.成岩相的形成、分类与定量评价方法[J].石油勘探与开发,2008,35(5) :526-540. Zou Caineng,Tao Shizhen,Zhou Hui,et al.Genesis,classification and evaluation method of diagenetic facies[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2008,35(5) :526-540.
[19]	钟广法,邬宁芬.成岩岩相分析:一种全新的成岩非均质性研究方法[J].石油勘探与开发,1997,24(5):62-66,122. Zhong Guangfa,Wu Ningfen.Diagenetici lithofacies analysis:a whole new approach to studying diagenetic heterogeneity[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1997,24(5):62-66,122.
[20]	李振宏,胡健民.鄂尔多斯盆地构造演化与古岩溶储层分布[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(5):640-647. Li Zhenhong,Hu Jianmin.Structural evolution and distribution of paleokarst reservoirs in the Ordos Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2010,31(5):640-647.
[21]	侯方浩,方少仙,董兆雄,等.鄂尔多斯盆地中奥陶统马家沟组沉积环境与岩相发育特征[J].沉积学报,2003,21(1):106-112. Hou Fanghao,Fang Shaoxian,Dong Zhaoxiong,et al.The deve-lopmental characters of sedimentary environments and lithofacies of Middle Ordovician Majiagou Formation in Ordos Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2003,21(1):106-112.
[22]	何江,付永雷,沈桂川,等.低渗砂岩储层岩石学特征与应力敏感性耦合关系:以鄂尔多斯盆地苏里格—吉尔地区下石盒子组八段下亚段为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2012,33(6):924-931. He Jiang,Fu Yonglei,Shen Guichuan,et al.Coupling relations between the petrologic characteristics and stress-sensitiveness in low-permeability sandstone reservoirs:An example from the lower 8th member of the Lower Shihezi Formation in Sulige-Jier area,Ordos Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2012,33(6):924-931.
[23]	方少仙,何江,侯方浩,等.鄂尔多斯盆地中部气田区中奥陶统马家沟组马五₅—马五₁亚段储层孔隙类型和演化[J].岩石学报,2009,25(10):2425-2441. Fang Shaoxian,He Jiang,Hou Fanghao,et al.Reservoirs pore space types and evolution in M₅⁵ to M₅¹ submembers of Majiagou Formation of Middle Ordovician in central gasfield area of Ordos Basin[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2009,25(10):2425-2441.
[24]	何江,方少仙,侯方浩,等.鄂尔多斯盆地中部气田中奥陶统马家沟组岩溶型储层特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(3):350-356. He Jiang,Fang Shaoxian,Hou Fanghao,et al.Characteristics of karst reservoirs in the Middle Ordovician Majiagou Formation of gas fields in the central Ordos Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2009,30(3):350-356.
[25]	Beavington-Penney S J,Nadin P,Wright V P,et al.Reservoir quality variation on an Eocene carbonate ramp,EI Garia Formation,offshore Tunisia:Structural control of burial corrosion and dolomitisation[J].Sedimentary Geology,2008,209(1):42-57.
[26]	代金友,何顺利.鄂尔多斯盆地中部气田奥陶系古地貌研究[J].石油学报,2005,21(3):37-43. Dai Jinyou,He Shunli.Ordovician paleokarst landform of central gas field in Ordos Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2005,21(3):37-43.
[27]	何江,沈昭国,方少仙,等.鄂尔多斯盆地中部前石炭纪岩溶古地貌恢复[J].海相油气地质,2007,12(2):8-16. He Jiang,Shen Zhaoguo,Fang Shaoxian,et al.Restoration of Pre-Carboniferous palaeokarst landform in central Ordos Basin[J].Marine Origin Petroleum Geology,2007,12(2):8-16.
[28]	冉新权,付金华,魏新善,等.鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系顶面形成演化与储集层发育[J].石油勘探与开发,2012,39(2):154-161. Ran Xinquan,Fu Jinhua,Wei Xinshan,et al.Evolution of the Ordovician top boundary and its relationship to reservoirs' deve-lopment,Ordos Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2012,39(2):154-161.
[29]	何江,方少仙,侯方浩,等.风化壳古岩溶垂向分带与储集层评价预测:以鄂尔多斯盆地中部气田区马家沟组马五₅—马五₁亚段为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2013,40(5):534-542. He Jiang,Fang Shaoxian,Hou Fanghao,et al.Vertical zonation of weathered crust ancient karst and the reservoir evaluation and prediction: A case study of M₅⁵-M₁¹ sub-members of Majiagou Formation in gas fields, central Ordos Basin, NW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2013,40(5):534-542.