南大西洋被动陆缘盆地盐岩对油气成藏的影响

陶崇智; 殷进垠; 陆红梅; 王一帆; 刘君兰; 牛新杰

doi:10.11781/sysydz201505614

南大西洋被动陆缘盆地盐岩对油气成藏的影响

doi: 10.11781/sysydz201505614

1.
中国石化石油勘探开发研究院, 北京 100083
2. 中国石油天然气勘探开发公司, 北京 100034
3. 中国石油华北油田分公司勘探开发研究院, 河北任丘 062550

基金项目: 国家重大科技专项(2011ZX05031-001)资助。

详细信息

作者简介:
陶崇智(1986—),男,博士,工程师,从事含油气盆地分析与资源评价研究。E-mail:taocz99@163.com。

中图分类号: 122.3⁺1
计量
- 文章访问数: 1023
- HTML全文浏览量: 79
- PDF下载量: 947
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2015-03-16
- 修回日期: 2015-08-03
- 刊出日期: 2015-09-28

Impact of salt on hydrocarbon accumulation in South Atlantic passive margin basins

1.
SINOPEC Petroleum Exploration & Production Research Institute, Beijing 100083, China
2. China National Oil and Gas Exploration and Development Corporation, Beijing 100034, China
3. Exploration and Development Research Institute, PetroChina Huabei Oilfield Company, Renqiu, Hebei 062550, China

摘要

摘要: 南大西洋两岸被动陆缘盆地经历了相似的构造演化历史,在早白垩世阿普特期发育了区域性分布的盐岩。在对南大西洋中段两岸6个主要含盐盆地的区域构造、沉积演化及油气成藏综合研究的基础上,通过各盆地盐构造样式的地震剖面解析,将盐盆划分为伸展区、过渡区和挤压区3个盐构造带。巴西大陆边缘盆地发育的盐下烃源岩现今仍处于生油窗内,而西非盐上烃源岩的成熟速率高于盐下烃源岩,主要由于盐岩具有较高的热导率,能抑制盐下烃源岩的生烃,促进盐上烃源岩热成熟。盐流动产生多种样式的盐构造,为盐上油气聚集提供了构造圈闭条件。盐相关圈闭是盐上重要的圈闭类型,富集的油气储量占南大西洋被动陆缘盆地盐上油气总可采储量的84.8%。伸展区发育的盐窗作为输导通道,控制油气主要于盐上层系成藏。同时盐岩作为厚层的区域盖层控制了过渡区到挤压区的盐下油气成藏。
- 盐岩 /
- 油气成藏 /
- 构造带 /
- 被动陆缘 /
- 南大西洋
Abstract: South Atlantic passive margin basins experienced a similar tectonic evolution and regionally distributed salt was deposited during the Aptian.Based on a comprehensive study of regional tectonics, depositional environment and hydrocarbon accumulation, integrated with the study of salt-related structural styles determined by analyzing regional seismic sections, three tectonic belts, which include extensional domain, transitional domain and compressional domain, were recognized in the 6 main salt basins.The pre-salt source rocks in the Brazil salt basins are still in the oil window.In West Africa, the post-salt source rocks experienced a higher maturation rate than the pre-salt source rocks.The salt has a relatively higher thermal conductivity and can restrain the hydrocarbon generation of the pre-salt source rocks but accelerate that of the post-salt source rocks.The salt flow resulted in several kinds of salt-related structural traps for hydrocarbon accumulation in the post-salt sequences.Reserves in the post-salt related structural traps account for 84.8% of the total post-salt reserves.The salt windows developed in the extensional domain served as hydrocarbon migration pathways and controlled hydrocarbon accumulations in the post-salt sequence.The thick salt provided a regional cap rock, which controlled the pre-salt hydrocarbon accumulations in the transitional-compressional domain.
- salt /
- hydrocarbon accumulation /
- tectonic belt /
- passive continental margin /
- South Atlantic

HTML全文

参考文献(22)

[1]	Davison I.Geology and tectonics of the South Atlantic Brazilian salt basins[M]//Ries A C,Butler R W H,Graham R H.Deformation of the Continental Crust: The Legacy of Mike Coward.London:Geological Society of London,2007:345-359.
[2]	Karner G D,Driscoll N W.Tectonic and stratigraphic development of the West African and eastern Brazilian Margins: insight from quantitative basin modelling[M]//Cameron N R,Bate R H,Clure V S.The Oil and Gas Habitats of the South Atlantic.London:Geological Society of London,1999:11-40.
[3]	Karner G D.Rifts of the Campos and Santos Basins, southeastern Brazil: distribution and timing[M]//Mello M R,Katz B J.Petroleum Systems of South Atlantic Margins.Tulsa:AAPG,2000:301-315.
[4]	Jackson M P A,Cramez C,Fonck J M.Role of subaerial volcanic rocks and mantle plumes in creation of South Atlantic margins: implications for salt tectonics and source rocks[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2000,17(4):477-498.
[5]	Huc A Y.Petroleum in the South Atlantic[J].Oil & Gas Science and Technology,2004,59 (3):243-253.
[6]	Mohriak W,Nemcok M,Enciso G.South Atlantic divergent margin evolution: rift-border uplift and salt tectonics in the basins of SE Brazil[M]//Pankhurst R J,Trouw R A J,Brito Nenes B B,et al.West Gondwana: Pre-Cenozoic Correlations Across the South Atlantic Region.London:Geological Society of London,2008:365-398.
[7]	Lentini M R,Fraser S I,Sumner H S,et al.Geodynamics of the central South Atlantic conjugate margins:implications for hydrocarbon potential[J].Petroleum Geoscience,2010,16(3):217-229.
[8]	汪伟光,童晓光,张亚雄,等.南大西洋重点被动大陆边缘盆地油气地质特征对比[J].中国石油勘探,2012,17(3):62-69.Wang Weiguang,Tong Xiaoguang,Zhang Yaxiong,et al.Features of major passive continental margin basins,South Atlantic Ocean[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2012,17(3):62-69.
[9]	陶崇智,邓超,白国平,等.巴西坎波斯盆地和桑托斯盆地油气分布差异及主控因素[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2013,43(6):1753-1761.Tao Chongzhi,Deng Chao,Bai Guoping,et al.A comparison study of Brazilian Campos and Santos basins:hydrocarbon distribution differences and control factors[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition,2013,43(6):1753-1761.
[10]	Meisling K E,Cobbold P R,Mount V S.Segmentation of an obliquely rifted margin, Campos and Santos basins, southeastern Brazil[J].AAPG Bulletin,2001,85(11):1903-1924.
[11]	Marton L G,Tari G C,Lehmann C T.Evolution of the Angolan passive margin, West Africa, with emphasis on post-salt structural styles[M]//Mohriak W,Taiwani M.Atlantic Rifts and Continental Margins.Washington D.C.:American Geophysical Union,2000:129-149.
[12]	刘祚冬,李江海.西非被动大陆边缘盆地盐构造对油气的控制作用[J].石油勘探与开发,2011,38(2):196-202.Liu Zuodong,Li Jianghai.Control of salt structures on hydrocarbons in the passive continental margin of West Africa[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2011,38(2):196-202.
[13]	Hudec M R,Jackson M P A.Terra infirma: Understanding salt tectonics[J].Earth-Science Reviews,2007,82(1/2):1-28.
[14]	Chang H K,Assine M L,Correa F S,et al.Sistemas petroliferos e modelos de acumulação de hidrocarbonetos na Bacia de Santos[J].Revista Brasileira de Geociências,2008,38(2):29-46.
[15]	Nagihara S.Three-dimensional inverse modeling of the refractive heat-flow anomaly associated with salt diapirism[J].AAPG Bulletin,2003,87(7):1207-1222.
[16]	熊利平,王骏,殷进垠,等.西非构造演化及其对油气成藏的控制作用[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(5):641-646.Xiong Liping,Wang Jun,Yin Jinyin,et al.Tectonic evolution and its control on hydrocarbon accumulation in West Africa[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2005,26(5):641-646.
[17]	倪春华,周小进,包建平,等.西非里奥穆尼盆地油气成藏条件及勘探方向[J].石油实验地质,2014,36(5):583-588.Ni Chunhua,Zhou Xiaojin,Bao Jianping,et al.Petroleum accumulation conditions and exploration direction of Rio Muni Basin, West Africa[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2014,36(5):583-588.
[18]	程建,段铁军,倪春华,等.西非科特迪瓦盆地石油地质特征及成藏规律研究[J].石油实验地质,2013,35(3):291-295.Cheng Jian,Duan Tiejun,Ni Chunhua,et al.Petroleum geologic features and accumulation rules of Côte D'Ivoire Basin,West Africa[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2013,35(3):291-295.
[19]	熊利平,邬长武,郭永强,等.巴西海上坎波斯与桑托斯盆地油气成藏特征对比研究[J].石油实验地质,2013,35(4):419-425.Xiong Liping,Wu Changwu,Guo Yongqiang,et al.Petroleum accumulation characteristics in Campos and Santos Basins, offshore Brazil[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2013,35(4):419-425.
[20]	余一欣,周心怀,彭文绪,等.盐构造研究进展述评[J].大地构造与成矿学,2011,35(2):169-182.Yu Yixin,Zhou Xinhuai,Peng Wenxu,et al.An overview on salt structures[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2011,35(2):169-182.
[21]	Schoenherr J,Urai J L,Kukla P A,et al.Limits to the sealing capacity of rock salt:A case study of the infra-Cambrian Ara Salt from the South Oman salt basin[J].AAPG Bulletin,2007,91(11):1541-1557.
[22]	邬长武.巴西桑托斯盆地盐下层序油气地质特征与有利区预测[J].石油实验地质,2015,37(1):53-56,63.Wu Changwu.Petroleum geology characteristics and exploration targets of pre-salt formations in Santos Basin,Brazil[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2015,37(1):53-56,63.