羌塘盆地白垩系黑色岩系生烃母质研究

承秋泉; 杨若飞; 胡广; 付修根; 曹剑

doi:10.11781/sysydz201601091

羌塘盆地白垩系黑色岩系生烃母质研究

doi: 10.11781/sysydz201601091

1.
中国石化石油勘探开发研究院无锡石油地质研究所, 江苏无锡 214151
2. 南京大学地球科学与工程学院, 南京 210023
3. 西南石油大学地球科学与技术学院, 成都 610500
4. 中国地质调查局成都地质矿产研究所, 成都 610081

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(41322017,41472100,41472099)资助。

详细信息

作者简介:
承秋泉(1964-),男,高级实验师,从事油气地球化学实验研究和管理工作。E-mail:andrew2005@126.com。

中图分类号: TE122.1⁺1
计量
- 文章访问数: 1154
- HTML全文浏览量: 68
- PDF下载量: 876
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2015-03-18
- 修回日期: 2015-12-08
- 刊出日期: 2016-01-28

Bio-precursors of Cretaceous black shales in the Qiangtang Basin, Tibet

1.
Wuxi Research Institute of Petroleum Geology, SINOPEC, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214151, China
2. School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
3. School of Earth Sciences and Technology, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
4. Chengdu Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, China Geological Survey, Chengdu, Sichuan 610081, China

摘要

摘要: 羌塘盆地白垩系是该区域新近发现的潜在烃源层系,通过有机岩石学和地球化学相结合的方法研究了其生烃母质。结果表明,根据观测到的各类生烃母质形状、大小、聚集形式以及荧光等特征综合分析,其成烃生物组合由高到低主要包括底栖生物、细菌、浮游藻类和高等植物4大类,并以底栖藻类占主要地位。这种以底栖藻类为主的烃源岩系与国内外其他同类烃源岩特征类似,在地球化学特征上表现为有机质丰度高(TOC大于2.0%,达到好烃源岩质量标准)、有机质类型较差(Ⅱ₂型),据此认为这套黑色岩系形成于海相环境。结合其在区域上的热演化特征,认为其具有良好的生烃潜力,特别是生气潜力,值得在今后的油气勘探和地质研究中加以重视。
- 生烃母质 /
- 黑色岩系 /
- 底栖生物 /
- 烃源岩 /
- 白垩系 /
- 羌塘盆地 /
- 特提斯
Abstract: A new sequence of hydrocarbon source rock has been discovered recently in the Qiangtang Basin, Tibet, i.e., the Cretaceous black shales. We investigated the bio-precursors of the shales by an integrated method of organic petrology and geochemistry to improve the understanding of their resource potential. Results showed that the bio-precursors of the shales can be classified into four types in general based on their shapes, sizes, accumulation forms and fluorescence. They include marine benthic algae and zooplankton, bacteria, phytoplankton and terrestrial higher plants in decreasing order of abundance. Benthic algae are the dominant precursors. Similar to source rocks of the same type worldwide, these benthic algae dominant source rocks have high organic matter abundance (TOC>2.0%), reaching the level of good quality and belonging to organic matter type Ⅱ₂, indicating that they were deposited in a marine environment. Combined with the regional thermal evolution of the shales, we deduced that the black shales have a good hydrocarbon resource potential and are likely to produce dominantly gas. They may comprise a good exploration target and merit further geological research.
- bio-precursor /
- black shales /
- benthic organism /
- source rock /
- Cretaceous /
- Qiangtang Basin /
- Tethys

HTML全文

参考文献(32)

[1]	赵政璋,李永铁,叶和飞,等.靑藏高原海相烃源层的油气生成[M].北京:科学出版社,2000. Zhao Zhengzhang,Li Yongtie,Ye Hefei,et al.Oil and gas generation of Mesozoic marine source rock in the Qinghai-Tibet Pla-teau,China[M].Beijing:Science Press,2000.
[2]	秦建中.青藏高原羌塘盆地中生界主要烃源层分布特征[J].石油实验地质,2006,28(2):134-141. Qin Jianzhong.Distributions of the main Mesozoic hydrocarbon source rocks in the Qiangtang Basin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2006,28(2):134-141.
[3]	Fu Xiugen,Wang Jian,Zeng Yuhong,et al.Geochemical and palynological investigation of the Shengli River marine oil shale (China):Implications for paleoenvironment and paleoclimate[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2009,78(3):217-224.
[4]	王剑,付修根,李忠雄,等.藏北羌塘盆地胜利河-长蛇山油页岩带的发现及其意义[J].地质通报,2009,28(6):691-695. Wang Jian,Fu Xiugen,Li Zhongxiong,et al.Discovery of the Shenglihe-Changsheshan oil shale belt in the Qiangtang Basin,northern Tibet,China and its significance[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2009,28(6):691-695
[5]	Fu Xiugen,Wang Jian,Zeng Yuhong,et al.Concentrations and modes of occurrence of platinum group elements in the Shengli River oil shale,northern Tibet,China[J].Fuel,2010,89(12):3623-3629.
[6]	Fu Xiugen,Wang Jian,Zeng Yuhonget al.Geochemistry and origin of rare earth elements (REEs) in the Shengli River oil shale,northern Tibet,China[J].Chemie der Erde-Geochemistry,2011,71(1):21-30.
[7]	王剑,付修根,杜安道,等.羌塘盆地胜利河海相油页岩地球化学特征及Re-Os定年[J].海相油气地质,2007,12(3):21-26. Wang Jian,Fu Xiugen,Du Andao,et al.Organic Geochemistry and Re-Os dating of marine oil shale in Shenglihe area,northern Tibet,China[J].Marine Origin Petroleum Geology,2007,12(3):21-26.
[8]	南征兵,张艳玲,李永铁,等.羌塘中生代盆地演化特征[J].天然气地球科学,2013,24(3):534-540. Nan Zhengbing,Zhang Yanling,Li Yongtie,et al.Evolution chara-cteristics of the Qiangtang Basin in the Mesozoic era[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2013,24(3):534-540.
[9]	付修根,王剑,汪正江,等.藏北羌塘盆地晚侏罗世海相油页岩生物标志物特征、沉积环境分析及意义[J].地球化学,2007,36(5):486-496. Fu Xiugen,Wang Jian,Wang Zhengjiang,et al.Biomarkers and sedimentary environment of Late Jurassic marine oil shale in Qiangtang Basin,northern Xizang and its geological significance[J].Geochi-mica,2007,36(5):486-496.
[10]	曾胜强,王剑,陈明,等.北羌塘盆地索瓦组上段的时代、古气候及石油地质特征[J].现代地质,2012,26(1):10-21. Zeng Shengqiang,Wang Jian,Chen Ming,et al.Geological age,paleoclimate and petroleum geological characteristics of the Upper part of the Suowa Formation in the north Qiangtang Basin[J].Geoscience,2012,26(1):10-21.
[11]	边立曾,张水昌,张宝民,等.河北张家口下花园地区新元古代下马岭组油页岩中的红藻化石[J].微体古生物学报,2005,22(3):209-216. Bian Lizeng,Zhang Shuichang,Zhang Baomin,et al.Red algal fossils discovered from the Neoproterozoic Xiamaling oil shales,Xiahuayuan town of Hebei province[J].Acta Micropalaeontolo-gica Sinica,2005,22(3):209-216.
[12]	张水昌,张宝民,边立曾,等.8亿多年前由红藻堆积而成的下马岭组油页岩[J].中国科学:D辑:地球科学,2007,37(5):636-643. Zhang Shuichang,Zhang Baomin,Bian Lizeng,et al.The Xiamaling oil shale generated through Rhodophyta over 800 Ma ago[J].Science in China:Series D:Earth Sciences,2007,50(4):527-535.
[13]	曹剑,边立曾,胡凯,等.柴达木盆地北缘侏罗系烃源岩中发现底栖宏观红藻类生烃母质[J].中国科学:D辑:地球科学,2009,39(4):474-480. Cao Jian,Bian Lizeng,Hu Kai,et al.Benthic macro red alga:A new possible bio-precursor of Jurassic mudstone source rocks in the northern Qaidam Basin,northwestern China[J].Science in China:Series D:Earth Science,2009,52(5):647-654.
[14]	秦建中,陶国亮,腾格尔,等.南方海相优质页岩的成烃生物研究[J].石油实验地质,2010,32(3):262-269. Qin Jianzhong,Tao Guoliang,Tenger,et al.Hydrocarbon-forming organisms in excellent marine source rocks in south China[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2010,32(3):262-269.
[15]	Schidlowski M,Gorzawski H,Dor I.Carbon isotope variations in a solar pond microbial mat:Role of environmental gradients as steering variables[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1994,58(10):2289-2298.
[16]	Schouten S,Hartgers W A,Lòpez J F,et al.A molecular isotopic study of ¹³C-enriched organic matter in evaporitic deposits:recog-nition of CO₂-limited ecosystems[J].Organic Geochemistry,2001,32(2):277-286.
[17]	秦建中.青藏高原羌塘盆地有机相展布与成烃模式[J].石油实验地质,2006,28(3):264-270. Qin Jianzhong.The organic facies distribution and hydrocarbon-forming model in the Qiangtang Basin,Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2006,28(3):264-270.
[18]	Cole K M,Sheath R G.Biology of the red algae[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1990.
[19]	Xie Xiaomin,Volkman J K,Qin Jianzhong,et al.Petrology and hydrocarbon potential of microalgal and macroalgal dominated oil shales from the Eocene Huadian Formation,NE China[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2014,124:36-47.
[20]	Peters K E,Walters C C,Moldowan J M.The biomarker guide:interpreting molecular fossils in petroleum and ancient sediments[M].2nd ed.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2005.
[21]	Didyk B M, Simoneit B R T,Brassell S C,et al.Organic geochemical indicators of palaeoenvironmental conditions of sedimentation[J].Nature,1978,272(5650):216-222.
[22]	傅家谟,盛国英,许家友,等.应用生物标志化合物参数判识古沉积环境[J].地球化学,1991(1):1-12. Fu Jiamo,Sheng Guoying,Xu Jiayou,et al.Application of biomarker compounds in assessment of paleoenvironments of Chinese terrestrial sediments[J].Geochimica,1991(1):1-12.
[23]	袁文芳,陈世悦,曾昌民.渤海湾盆地古近纪海侵问题研究进展及展望[J].沉积学报,2005,23(4):604-612. Yuan Wenfang,Chen Shiyue,Zeng Changmin.Research development and prospects on Paleogene sea transgression in Bohai Bay Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2005,23(4):604-612.
[24]	Egli M,Mirabella A,Sartori G,et al.Weathering rates as a function of climate:results from a climosequence of the Val Genova (Trentino,Italian Alps)[J].Geoderma,2003,111(1/2):99-121.
[25]	Deelman J C,Land L S,Folk R L.Mg/Ca ratio and salinity;two controls over crystallization of dolomite[J].AAPG Bulletin,1975,59(10):2056-2057.
[26]	Tissot B P,Welte D H.Petroleum formation and occurrence:a new approach to oil and gas exploration[M]. Berlin Heidelberg:Springer-Verlag,1984.
[27]	Yuan Xunlai,Li Jun,Cao Ruiji.A diverse metaphyte assemblage from the Neo-Proterozoic black shales of South China[J].Lethaia,1999,32(2):143-155.
[28]	孟庆强,秦建中,刘文斌,等.多细胞宏观底栖藻类生烃特点实验研究[J].石油学报,2008,29(6):822-826. Meng Qingqiang,Qin Jianzhong,Liu Wenbin,et al.Experimental study on hydrocarbon generation of multi-cellular benthic macro alga[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2008,29(6):822-826.
[29]	孟庆强,马亮帮,邹安德,等.不同藻类热模拟实验的生烃特征对比[J].石油实验地质,2008,30(3):281-285. Meng Qingqiang,Ma Liangbang,Zou Ande,et al.Comparison of characteristics of hydrocarbon generation for different alga[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2008,30(3):281-285.
[30]	秦建中,申宝剑,陶国亮,等.优质烃源岩成烃生物与生烃能力动态评价[J].石油实验地质,2014,36(4):465-472. Qin Jianzhong,Shen Baojian,Tao Guoliang,et al.Hydrocarbon-forming organisms and dynamic evaluation of hydrocarbon generation capacity in excellent source rocks[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2014,36(4):465-472.
[31]	李亚林,王成善,伍新和,等.藏北托纳木地区发现上侏罗统海相油页岩[J].地质通报,2005,24(8):783-784. Li Yalin,Wang Chengshan,Wu Xinhe,et al.Discovery of Upper Jurassic marine oil shale in the Tuonamu area,northern Tibet,China[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2005,24(8):783-784.
[32]	李忠雄,何江林,熊兴国,等.藏北羌塘盆地上侏罗-下白垩统胜利河油页岩特征及其形成环境[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2010,40(2):264-272. Li Zhongxiong,He Jianglin,Xiong Xingguo,et al.The Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous Shenglihe oil shales and their formation in the Qiangtang Basin,northern Xizang[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition,2010,40(2):264-272.