扬子地台北缘城口地区上寒武统洗象池组风暴沉积特征及其地质意义

王瀚; 李智武; 刘树根; 宋金民; 冉波; 赖冬; 韩雨樾

doi:10.11781/sysydz201902176

扬子地台北缘城口地区上寒武统洗象池组风暴沉积特征及其地质意义

doi: 10.11781/sysydz201902176

成都理工大学油气成藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室, 成都 610059

基金项目:

十三五国家科技重大专项（2017ZX05005003-007）和国家重点基础研究发展计划（973计划）项目（2012CB214805）联合资助。

详细信息

作者简介:
王瀚(1987-),男,博士,从事沉积-储层地质研究。E-mail:wanghan05@126.com。

通讯作者:
李智武(1976-),男,博士,教授,从事构造地质及油气地质研究。E-mail:lizhiwu06@mail.cdut.edu.cn。

中图分类号: TE121.3
计量
- 文章访问数: 1230
- HTML全文浏览量: 70
- PDF下载量: 223
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-08-23
- 修回日期: 2019-01-17
- 刊出日期: 2019-03-28

Sedimentary characteristics and geological significance of tempestites in the Upper Cambrian Xixiangchi Formation, Chengkou area, northern margin of the Yangtze Platform

State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploration, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China

摘要

摘要: 上寒武统洗象池组是四川盆地的一个潜在勘探层位，但对其沉积相带展布及储层主控因素的认识还十分薄弱。在扬子地台北缘洗象池组发现的风暴沉积可以为此提供一些重要的约束。通过野外剖面实测和室内薄片鉴定，对扬子地台北缘城口地区洗象池组风暴沉积特征进行了深入分析，并探讨了其古地理含义及其对川东北地区洗象池组储层发育的指示意义。研究区洗象池组风暴沉积的典型识别标志包括底冲刷-充填构造、风暴撕裂构造、粒序层理和丘状交错层理等。根据风暴沉积标志组合的不同，划分出5种风暴沉积序列：序列1、序列2、序列3、序列4及序列5，且风暴段自下而上整体表现为由序列1向序列5逐渐过渡。根据沉积构造、岩性组合及风暴序列变化，结合经典浅水碳酸盐岩风暴沉积的发育模式，认为风暴段沉积环境整体以中缓坡为主，且自下而上由内缓坡、中缓坡向外缓坡变化，构成向上变深序列。结合区域地质背景，推测扬子地台北缘洗象池组在城口以北东地区处于中-外缓坡地带，而城口以南西地区则为内缓坡地带，从而认为洗象池组在城口南西方向的川东北地区具备发育大规模优质颗粒滩储层的地质条件，值得进一步勘探。
- 风暴沉积 /
- 风暴序列 /
- 缓坡 /
- 洗象池组 /
- 寒武系 /
- 四川盆地 /
- 扬子地台
Abstract: The Upper Cambrian Xixiangchi Formation has been considered as a potential target for hydrocarbon exploration in the Sichuan Basin, but little is known about its sedimentary facies and controls on reservoir quality. The tempestite deposition found in the Xixiangchi Formation at the northern margin of the Yangtze Platform may provide some important constraints for that. Through field survey and thin section analysis, we present a detailed description on the tempestite deposition of the Upper Cambrian Xixiangchi Formation in Chengkou area on the northern margin of the Yangtze Platform, and further discuss the significance for paleogeography and implications for hydrocarbon reservoir in the northeastern Sichuan Basin. Many diagnostic sedimentary structures can be recognized in these Upper Cambrian tempestites of the Xixiangchi Formation in Chengkou area, such as basal scour-and-fill structures, rip-up clasts, hummocky cross stratification (HCS), graded bedding, and so on. Five types of tempestite sequences were recognized in terms of variant assemblies of storm-induced sedimentary structures, with a gradual transition from Type 1 at the bottom to Type 5 on the top. According to tempestite deposition, lithological association and sedimentary sequence, combined with the classical mode of tempestites developed in shallow water carbonate environments, we suggested that the sedimentary environment of tempestites of the Upper Cambrian Xixiangchi Formation in Chengkou area were dominated by middle ramp, and evolved from inner ramp at the bottom to mid-outer ramp on the top, with a deepening-upward trend. Integrated with regional geological background, it is speculated that the Upper Cambrian Xixiangchi Formation on the northern margin of the Yangtze Platform is dominated by mid-outer ramp facies to the northeast of Chengkou, and inner-ramp facies to the southwest. This implies that there were many geologic advantages for high quality shoal reservoirs in the Upper Cambrian Xixiangchi Formation developed in the northeastern Sichuan Basin to the southwest of Chengkou, worthy to be explored in the future.
- tempestites /
- tempestite sequence /
- ramp /
- Xixiangchi Formation /
- Cambrian /
- Sichuan Basin /
- Yangtze Platform

HTML全文

参考文献(31)

[1]	BALL M M,SHINN E A,STOCKMAN K W.The geologic effects of hurricane donna in South Florida[J].The Journal of Geology,1967,75(5):583-597.
[2]	BALL S M.The Westphalia limestone of the northern Midcontinent:a possible ancient storm deposit[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,1971,41(1):217-232.
[3]	ORPIN A R,CARTER L,PAGE M J,et al.Holocene sedimentary record from Lake Tutira:a template for upland watershed erosion proximal to the Waipaoa Sedimentary System,northeastern New Zealand[J].Marine Geology,2010,270(1/4):11-29.
[4]	ALLEN J R L.Sedimentary structures:their character and physical basis,volume Ⅰ[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company,1982:307-513.
[5]	DOTT R H,BOURGEOIS J.Hummocky stratification:significance of its variable bedding sequences:discussion and reply[J].GSA Bulletin,1982,93(8):663-680.
[6]	XU Guohui,LIU Zhiqin,SUN Yongfu,et al.Experimental characterization of storm liquefaction deposits sequences[J].Marine Geology,2016,382:191-199.
[7]	AIGNER T.Storm depositional systems[M].Berlin:Springer-Verlag,1985.
[8]	BRANDT D S,ELIAS R J.Temporal variations in tempestite thickness may be a geologic record of atmospheric CO₂[J].Geology,1989,17(10):951-952.
[9]	宋金民,杨迪,李朋威,等.中国碳酸盐风暴岩发育特征及其地质意义[J].现代地质,2012,26(3):589-600. SONG Jinmin,YANG Di,LI Pengwei,et al.Development characteristics and geological significance of carbonate tempestites in China[J].Geoscience,2012,26(3):589-600.
[10]	金振奎,蒋盘良,冯增昭.黔东湘西寒武纪碳酸盐斜坡上的风暴沉积[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),1995,19(3):1-6. JIN Zhenkui,JIANG Panliang,FENG Zengzhao.Cambrian storm deposits on carbonate slope at east Guizhou and west Hunan provinces[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum,China,1995,19(3):1-6.
[11]	周进高,赵宗举,邓红婴.淮南地区风暴岩特征及其沉积环境[J].石油勘探与开发,1999,26(5):73-76. ZHOU Jingao,ZHAO Zongju,DENG Hongying.Upper Proterozoic Lower Paleozoic tempestites characters and their environmental significance to Huainan region of Anhui[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1999,26(5):73-76.
[12]	匡文龙,杨绍祥,刘新华,等.湘西北渔塘地区寒武系清虚洞组风暴岩及其地质意义[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2008,38(2):225-232. KUANG Wenlong,YANG Shaoxiang,LIU Xinhua,et al.Significance of tempestite from the Cambrian Qingxudong Formation in Yutang area of northwestern Hunan Province[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2008,38(2):225-232.
[13]	马志鑫,张万平,刘伟,等.黔东镇远地区早寒武世清虚洞组潮坪风暴沉积特征及古地理意义[J].沉积学报,2012,30(5):787-794. MA Zhixin,ZHANG Wanping,LIU Wei,et al.Sedimentary characteristics of tidal storm deposit of Early Cambrian Qingxudong Formation in the Zhenyuan area,eastern Guizhou and its palaeogeographical implications[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2012,30(5):787-794.
[14]	宋金民,刘树根,赵异华,等.川中地区中下寒武统风暴岩特征及沉积地质意义[J].石油学报,2016,37(1):30-42. SONG Jinmin,LIU Shugen,ZHAO Yihua,et al.Characteristics and sedimentary geological significances of Lower-Middle Cambrian tempestites in central Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(1):30-42.
[15]	赵爱卫,谭秀成,李凌,等.四川盆地及其周缘地区寒武系洗象池群颗粒滩特征及分布[J].古地理学报,2015,17(1):21-32. ZHAO Aiwei,TAN Xiucheng,LI Ling,et al.Characteristics and distribution of grain banks in the Cambrian Xixiangchi Group of Sichuan Basin and its adjacent areas[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2015,17(1):21-32.
[16]	李文正,周进高,张建勇,等.四川盆地洗象池组储集层的主控因素与有利区分布[J].天然气工业,2016,36(1):52-60. LI Wenzheng,ZHOU Jingao,ZHANG Jianyong,et al.Main controlling factors and favorable zone distribution of Xixiangchi Formation reservoirs in the Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2016,36(1):52-60.
[17]	张满郎,谢增业,李熙喆,等.四川盆地寒武纪岩相古地理特征[J].沉积学报,2010,28(1):128-139. ZHANG Manlang,XIE Zengye,LI Xizhe,et al.Characteristics of lithofacies paleogeography of Cambrian in Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2010,28(1):128-139.
[18]	李磊,谢劲松,邓鸿斌,等.四川盆地寒武系划分对比及特征[J].华南地质与矿产,2012,28(3):197-202. LI Lei,XIE Jinsong,DENG Hongbin,et al.Study on characteristics and its stratigraphic classification and correlation of Cambrian in Sichuan Basin[J].Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,2012,28(3):197-202.
[19]	杨威,谢武仁,魏国齐,等.四川盆地寒武纪-奥陶纪层序岩相古地理、有利储层展布与勘探区带[J].石油学报,2012,33(S2):21-34. YANG Wei,XIE Wuren,WEI Guoqi,et al.Sequence lithofacies paleogeography,favorable reservoir distribution and exploration zones of the Cambrian and Ordovician in Sichuan Basin,China[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(S2):21-34.
[20]	汪明洲,成汉钧,陈祥荣,等.大巴山区寒武系的研究[J].西安地质学院学报,1989,11(4):1-9. WANG Mingzhou,CHENG Hanjun,CHEN Xiangrong,et al.A study of the Cambrian system of the Dabashan region[J].Journal of Xi'an Gollrge of Geology,1989,11(4):1-9.
[21]	陈旭,徐均涛,成汉钧,等.论汉南古陆及大巴山隆起[J].地层学杂志,1990,14(2):81-116. CHEN Xu,XU Juntao,CHENG Hanjun,et al.On the Hannan Old Land and Dabashan Uplift[J].Journal of Stratigraphy,1990,14(2):81-116.
[22]	谷志东,殷积峰,姜华,等.四川盆地西北部晚震旦世-早古生代构造演化与天然气勘探[J].石油勘探与开发,2016,43(1):1-11. GU Zhidong,YIN Jifeng,JIANG Hua,et al.Tectonic evolution from Late Sinian to Early Paleozoic and natural gas exploration in northwestern Sichuan Basin,SW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2016,43(1):1-11.
[23]	刘宝珺,张继庆,许效松.四川兴文四龙下二叠统碳酸盐风暴岩[J].地质学报,1986,60(1):55-67. LIU Baojun,ZHANG Jiqing,XU Xiaosong.On the calcareous tempestites in the Lower Permian of Silong,Xingwen,Sichuan[J].Acta Geological Sinica,1986,60(1):55-67.
[24]	PÉREZ-LÓPEZ A,PÉREZ-VALERA F.Tempestite facies models for the epicontinental Triassic carbonates of the Betic Cordillera (southern Spain)[J].Sedimentology,2012,59(2):646-678.
[25]	郑斌嵩,牟传龙,梁薇,等.扬子地台东南缘下寒武统清虚洞组风暴沉积特征及其重要意义[J].地质学报,2018,92(7):1524-1540. ZHENG Binsong,MOU Chuanlong,LIANG Wei,et al.The characteristics of storm deposits of the Lower Cambrian Qingxudong Formation in the southeastern margin of Yangtze Platform and its significance[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2018,92(7):1524-1540.
[26]	KWON Y K,CHOUGH S K,CHOI D K,et al.Origin of limestone conglomerates in the Choson Supergroup (Cambro-Ordovician),mid-east Korea[J].Sedimentary Geology,2002,146(3/4):265-283.
[27]	MYROW P M,TICE L,ARCHULETA B,et al.Flat-pebble conglomerate:its multiple origins and relationship to metre-scale depositional cycles[J].Sedimentology,2004,51(5):973-996.
[28]	王家豪,王华,曾劲彪,等.山东省中部上寒武统碳酸盐风暴沉积的综合模式[J].地球科学,2017,42(1):68-77. WANG Jiahao,WANG Hua,ZENG Jinbiao,et al.Integrative depositional model for carbonate tempestites in Upper Cambrian,central Shandong Province[J].Earth Science,2017,42(1):68-77.
[29]	孔庆莹,程日辉,王璞珺,等.新疆库鲁克塔格地区寒武系莫合尔山组风暴岩特征及其对海平面变化的响应[J].新疆地质,2006,24(4):377-380. KONG Qingying,CHENG Rihui,WANG Pujun,et al.Characteristics of tempestite in the Moheershan Formation and sea-level changes in Kuruktag,Xinjiang[J].Xinjiang Geology,2006,24(4):377-380.
[30]	林怡,陈聪,山述娇,等.四川盆地寒武系洗象池组储层基本特征及主控因素研究[J].石油实验地质,2017,39(5):610-617. LIN Yi,CHEN Cong,SHAN Shujiao,et al.Reservoir characteristics and main controlling factors of the Cambrian Xixiangchi Formation in the Sichuan Basin[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2017,39(5):610-617.
[31]	FLÜGEL E.Microfacies of carbonate rocks:analysis,interpretation and application[M].2nd ed.Berlin:Springer,2010.