从油气成藏过程分析探井失利原因

金强; 程付启; 王秋彤; 王铜山

doi:10.11781/sysydz201905621

从油气成藏过程分析探井失利原因

doi: 10.11781/sysydz201905621

1. 中国石油大学(华东) 地球科学与技术学院, 山东青岛 266580;
2. 中国石油勘探开发研究院石油地质研究所, 北京 100083

基金项目:

国家油气重大专项“深层油气资源预测”（ZX201705008-06）和国家自然科学基金“岩溶相储层缝洞形成机制”（U1663204）联合资助。

详细信息

作者简介:
金强(1956-),男,博士,教授,从事油气地质研究。E-mail:jinqiang@upc.edu.cn。

中图分类号: TE122.3
计量
- 文章访问数: 1037
- HTML全文浏览量: 220
- PDF下载量: 209
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-04-16
- 修回日期: 2019-06-27
- 刊出日期: 2019-09-28

Reasons for the failure of petroleum exploration wells from the process of hydrocarbon accumulation

1. School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum(East China), Qingdao, Shandong 26580 China;
2. Geological Branch, Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Beijing, 100083, China

摘要

摘要: 探井失利的原因包括地质、工程或管理等问题，其中地质问题最为常见，常常从构造、储层等方面定性分析，结果不了了之。四川盆地H探井目的是勘探灯影组天然气，这里背斜构造很落实、储层很发育，可是失利了。通过有限的灯影组岩心，开展白云岩溶蚀孔缝洞充填的沥青光学分析、孔缝洞充填白云石的包裹体均一温度和气体组成分析等，试图揭示有无原油成藏、天然气成藏和天然气保存过程：发现H井灯影组在中三叠世—早侏罗世原油（沥青）成藏过程正常，可与区域成藏相对比；在中侏罗世—白垩纪原油裂解成天然气过程中沥青受到氧化和水洗作用，原因是该井所在背斜发生倾斜和断裂，天然气成藏时没有圈闭，造成天然气没有聚集；在之后的喜马拉雅构造运动期间该井所在又恢复了背斜形态，但是没有天然气充注，导致H井失利。具有正常的原油和天然气成藏，且在新构造运动中保持稳定的构造应当是有利的勘探目标。
- 失利井 /
- 成藏过程 /
- 地球化学分析 /
- 灯影组 /
- 四川盆地
Abstract: There are various reasons for subeconomic wells in oil and gas exploration, including the problems of geology, engineering and management, among which the most common problem is geology. The lack of oil and gas accumulation in the lost well H drilled for natural gas in the Dengying Formation (pre-Cambrian) in the western Sichuan Basin was considered using geochemical tools, which include the optical analysis of bitumen and homogenization temperatures and gas compositions of fluid inclusions in dolomites filled in the dissolved fractures and pores. Oil accumulation in the well H area was normal from the Middle Triassic to the Early Jurassic. Bitumen was oxidized and washed by flowing waters in the period of oil cracking to gas from the Middle Jurassic to Cretaceous. As a result, there was no natural gas accumulation in the well H anticlinal area since the anticline was tilted and cut by a fault. The well H anticline was restored again during neotectonics in the Cenozoic, but there was no gas charging in the anticline because no gas was generated from oil-cracking or source rocks. Therefore, the well H was dry. Structures or traps with normal oil charging and normal gas charging and neotectonic stability are potential targets for gas exploration in the Dengying Formation in the Sichuan Basin.
- lost well /
- hydrocarbon accumulation process /
- geochemical analysis /
- Dengying Formation /
- Sichuan Basin

HTML全文

参考文献(41)

[1]	王陆新,潘继平,娄钰.近十年中国石油勘探开发回顾与展望[J].国际石油经济,2018,26(7):65-71. WANG Luxin,PAN Jiping,LOU Yu.Review and prospect of petroleum exploration and development in China over the past decade[J].International Petroleum Economics,2018,26(7):65-71.
[2]	李剑,王晓波,魏国齐,等.天然气基础地质理论研究新进展与勘探领域[J].天然气工业,2018,38(4):37-45. LI Jian,WANG Xiaobo,WEI Guoqi,et al.New progress in basic natural gas geological theories and future exploration targets in China[J].Natural Gas Industry,2018,38(4):37-45.
[3]	张健,张奇.四川盆地油气勘探-历史回顾及展望[J].天然气工业,2002,22(S1):3-7. ZHANG Jian,ZHANG Qi.History and prospects of oil and gas exploration in Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2002,22(S1):3-7.
[4]	马永生,蔡勋育,赵培荣,等.四川盆地大中型天然气田分布特征与勘探方向[J].石油学报,2010, 31(3):347-354. MA Yongsheng,CAI Xunyu,ZHAO Peirong,et al.Distribution and further exploration of the large-medium sized gas fields in Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(3):347-354.
[5]	郑志红,李登华,白森舒,等.四川盆地天然气资源潜力[J].中国石油勘探,2017,22(3):12-20. ZHENG Zhihong,LI Denghua,BAI Senshu,et al.Resource potentials of natural gas in Sichuan Basin[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2017,22(3):12-20.
[6]	董才源,谢增业,裴森奇,等.四川盆地中二叠统天然气地球化学特征及成因判识[J].断块油气田,2018,25(4):450-454. DONG Caiyuan,XIE Zengye,PEI Senqi,et al.Natural gas geoche-mical characteristics and genetic type identification of Middle Permian in Sichuan Basin[J].Fault-Block Oil and Gas Field,2018,25(4):450-454.
[7]	洪克岩,李博,姜生玲,等.湘鄂西低勘探程度区构造解释及页岩气保存条件:以来凤咸丰区块为例[J].断块油气田,2017,24(6):779-782,804. HONG Keyan,LI Bo,JIANG Shengling,et al.Structural interpretation and shale gas preservation conditions of low exploration level region, western Hunan-Hubei:taking Laifeng-Xianfeng Block as an example[J].Fault-Block Oil and Gas Field,2017,24(6):779-782,804
[8]	杜金虎,汪泽成,邹才能,等.古老碳酸盐岩大气田地质理论与勘探实践[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2015:1-13. DU Jinhu,WANG Zecheng,ZOU Caineng,et al.Geologic theory and exploration practice of ancient large carbonates gas field[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2015:1-13.
[9]	汪泽成,王铜山,文龙,等.四川盆地安岳特大型气田基本地质特征与形成条件[J].中国海上油气,2016,28(2):45-52. WANG Zecheng,WANG Tongshan,WEN Long,et al.Basic geolo-gical characteristics and accumulation conditions of Anyue Giant Gas Field,Sichuan Basin[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2016,28(2):45-52.
[10]	邹才能,杜金虎,徐春春,等.四川盆地震旦系-寒武系特大型气田形成分布、资源潜力及勘探发现[J].石油勘探与开发,2014,41(3):278-293. ZOU Caineng,DU Jinhu,XU Chunchun,et al.Formation,distribution,resource potential and discovery of the Sinian-Cambrian Giant Gas Field,Sichuan Basin,SW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2014,41(3):278-293.
[11]	魏国齐,王志宏,李剑,等.四川盆地震旦系、寒武系烃源岩特征、资源潜力与勘探方向[J].天然气地球科学,2017,28(1):1-13. WEI Guoqi,WANG Zhihong,LI Jian,et al.Characteristics of source rocks,resource potential and exploration direction of Sinian and Cambrian in Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2017,28(1):1-13.
[12]	王文之,杨跃明,张玺华,等.四川盆地震旦系灯影组储层特征及成因[J].东北石油大学学报,2016,40(2):1-10. WANG Wenzhi,YANG Yueming,ZHANG Xihua,et al.Reservoir characteristics and genesis of the Sinian Dengying Formation in Sichuan Basin[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2016,40(2):1-10.
[13]	魏国齐,杜金虎,徐春春,等.四川盆地高石梯-磨溪地区震旦系-寒武系大型气藏特征与聚集模式[J].石油学报,2015,36(1):1-12. WEI Guoqi,DU Jinhu,XU Chunchun,et al.Characteristics and accumulation modes of large gas reservoirs in Sinian-Cambrian of Gaoshiti-Moxi region,Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2015,36(1):1-12.
[14]	李伟,胡国艺,周进高.四川盆地桐湾期古隆起震旦系储层沥青特征与天然气聚集机制[J].天然气工业,2015,35(6):14-23. LI Wei,HU Guoyi,ZHOU Jingao.Asphalt features and gas accumulation mechanism of Sinian reservoirs in the Tongwan Palaeo-uplift,Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2015,35(6):14-23.
[15]	陈君青,姜振学,庞雄奇,等.应用新方法剖析钻探井失利原因:以塔里木盆地台盆区寒武系碳酸盐岩为例[J].现代地质,2013,27(5):1161-1172. CHEN Junqing,JIANG Zhenxue,PANG Xiongqi,et al.An new method applied to analyzing the unsuccessful drills:take the Cambrian in the platform of the Tarim Basin as an example[J].Geoscience,2013,27(5):1161-1172.
[16]	秦伟军,闵斌,刘超英,等.东部陆相断陷盆地近年探井失利主要因素分析[J].中国石油勘探,2008,13(6):12-14. QIN Weijun,MIN Bin,LIU Chaoying,et al.Main factors analysis of exploration failure in terrestrial rifted basins in the east in recent years[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2008,13(6):12-14.
[17]	王文君.滨海地区失利探井的分析与思考[J].石油仪器,2011,25(3):88-89. WANG Wenjun.Analysis and thinking of lost exploration wells in coastal areas[J].Petroleum Instruments,2011,25(3):88-89.
[18]	李昭伟,钟辉,李楚吟,等.南海东部油气勘探失利原因分析[J].断块油气田,2013,20(2):137-139. LI Zhaowei,ZHONG Hui,LI Chuyin,et al.Causes analysis of unsuccessful exploration in eastern South China Sea[J].Fault-Block Oil and Gas Field,2013,20(2):137-139.
[19]	熊敏,曾庆辉,刘德汉,等.应用矿物沥青基质荧光特征评价烃源岩的母质类型[J].石油天然气学报,2007,29(4):62-65. XIONG Min,ZENG Qinghui,LIU Dehan,et al.Evaluation on source rock types by using fluorescence characteristics of mineral-bituminous groundmass[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2007,29(4):62-65.
[20]	孙玉善,杨帆.塔中地区奥陶系烃源岩显微荧光特征及排烃期[J].新疆石油地质,1998,19(1):14-17. SUN Yushan,YANG Fan.Microfluorescence characteristics and expelling hydrocarbon period of Ordovician source rock in Tazhong area[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,1998,19(1):14-17.
[21]	郝彬,赵文智,胡素云,等.川中地区寒武系龙王庙组沥青成因与油气成藏史[J].石油学报,2017,38(8):863-875. HAO Bin,ZHAO Wenzhi,HU Suyun,et al.Bitumen genesis and hydrocarbon accumulation history of the Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation in central Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(8):863-875.
[22]	高平.川中地区震旦系沥青的成因及来源[D].北京:中国石油大学(北京),2016. GAO Ping.Origin and source of Sinian bitumen in the central Sichuan Basin[D].Beijing:China University of Petroleum (Beijing),2016.
[23]	李胜勇,傅恒,李仲东,等.川东北地区长兴组-飞仙关组固体沥青的形貌特征与成因分析[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2011,31(3):72-79. LI Shengyong,FU Heng,LI Zhongdong,et al.Morphology and genesis of the solid bitumen from the Changxing Formation-Feixianguan Formation in northeastern Sichuan[J].Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology,2011,31(3):72-79.
[24]	刘伟新,史志华,朱樱,等.扫描电镜/能谱分析在油气勘探开发中的应用[J].石油实验地质,2001,23(3):341-343. LIU Weixin,SHI Zhihua,ZHU Ying,et al.Application of SEM/EDX analysis in petroleum exploration and production[J].Experimental Petroleum Geology,2001,23(3):341-343.
[25]	包书景.扫描电镜及能谱仪在河南油田石油地质研究中的应用[J].电子显微学报,2003,22(6):607. BAO Shujing.Application of SEM-EDS in petroleum geology study of Henen oil-field[J].Journal of Chinese Electron Microscopy Society,2003,22(6):607.
[26]	应平,于宏东.低真空条件下矿物的扫描电镜能谱分析[J].矿冶,2006,15(3):95-97. YING Ping,YU Hongdong.Energy dispersive X-Ray analysis of mineral with the scanning electron microscopy under the low vacuum level condition[J].Mining and Metallurgy,2006,15(3):95-97.
[27]	刘伟,王国芝,刘树根,等.川中磨溪构造龙王庙组流体包裹体特征及其地质意义[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2014,41(6):723-732. LIU Wei,WANG Guozhi,LIU Shugen,et al.Characteristics and geological significance of fluid inclusions in Longwangmiao Formation of Moxi structure in central Sichuan,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology (Science & Technology Edition),2014,41(6):723-732.
[28]	蒋裕强,谷一凡,朱讯,等.四川盆地川中地区震旦系灯影组热液白云岩储集相[J].天然气工业,2017,37(3):17-24. JIANG Yuqiang,GU Yifan,ZHU Xun,et al.Hydrothermal dolomite reservoir facies in the Sinian Dengying Fm,Central Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2017,37(3):17-24.
[29]	田兴旺,胡国艺,李伟,等.四川盆地乐山-龙女寺古隆起地区震旦系储层沥青地球化学特征及意义[J].天然气地球科学,2013,24(5):982-990. TIAN Xingwang,HU Guoyi,LI Wei,et al.Geochemical characteristics and significance of Sinian reservoir bitumen in Leshan-Longnvsi Paleo-uplift area,Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2013,24(5):982-990.
[30]	刘玲.激光拉曼光谱及其应用进展[J].山西大学学报(自然科学版),2001,24(3):279-282. LIU Ling.Laser Raman spectroscopy and the advance of its application[J].Journal of Shanxi University (Natural Science Edition),2001,24(3):279-282.
[31]	张美珍,施伟军,张志荣.显微激光拉曼光谱仪的地质应用[J].石油实验地质,2008,30(3):307-310. ZHANG Meizhen,SHI Weijun,ZHANG Zhirong.Laser Raman Microscope and its application in geology[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2008,30(3):307-310.
[32]	杨丹,徐文艺.激光拉曼光谱测定流体包裹体成分研究进展[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2014,34(4):874-878. YANG Dan,XU Wenyi.Development of Raman spectroscopy study of fluid inclusions[J].Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis,2014,34(4):874-878.
[33]	吕新彪,姚书振,何谋春.成矿流体包裹体盐度的拉曼光谱测定[J].地学前缘,2001,8(4):429-433. LÜ Xinbiao,YAO Shuzhen,HE Mouchun.The determining of the salinity of the ore-forming fluid inclusions using MLRM[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2001,8(4):429-433.
[34]	王成,邢顺全.砂岩中自生石英包裹体均一温度和盐度测定及地质应用[J].沉积学报,1991,9(3):106-115. WANG Cheng,XING Shunquan.Measurement and geologic application of homogenization temperature and salinity of inclusions in authigenic quartz of sandstone[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1991,9(3):106-115.
[35]	王国芝,刘树根,刘伟,等.川中高石梯构造灯影组油气成藏过程[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2014,41(6):684-693. WANG Guozhi,LIU Shugen,LIU Wei,et al.Process of hydrocarbon accumulation of Sinian Dengying Formation in Gaoshiti structure,Central Sichuan,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology (Science & Technology Edition),2014,41(6):684-693.
[36]	李玲,王铜山,汪泽成,等.四川盆地震旦系灯影组天然气晚期成藏特征及意义[J].天然气地球科学,2014,25(9):1378-1386. LI Ling,WANG Tongshan,WANG Zecheng,et al.The characteristics and implications of late gas accumulation in the Sinian Dengying Formation of Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2014,25(9):1378-1386.
[37]	周秦,田辉,王艳飞,等.川中古隆起下寒武统烃源岩生烃演化特征[J].天然气地球科学,2015,26(10):1883-1892. ZHOU Qin,TIAN Hui,WANG Yanfei,et al.The generation and evolution characteristics of the Lower Cambrian shale in the central Sichuan Paleo-uplift[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2015,26(10):1883-1892.
[38]	饶松,朱传庆,王强,等.四川盆地震旦系-下古生界烃源岩热演化模式及主控因素[J].地球物理学报,2013,56(5):1549-1559. RAO Song,ZHU Chuanqing,WANG Qiang,et al.Thermal evolution patterns of the Sinian-Lower Paleozoic source rocks in the Sichuan Basin,Southwest China[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2013,56(5):1549-1559.
[39]	江强,朱传庆,邱楠,等.川南地区热史及下寒武统筇竹寺组页岩热演化特征[J].天然气地球科学,2015,26(8):1563-1570. JIANG Qiang,ZHU Chuanqing,Qiu Nan,et al.Paleo-heat flow and thermal evolution of the Lower Cambrian Qiongzhusi shale in the southern Sichuan Basin,SW China[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2015,26(8):1563-1570.
[40]	朱传庆,田云涛,徐明,等.峨眉山超级地幔柱对四川盆地烃源岩热演化的影响[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(1):119-127. ZHU Chuanqing,TIAN Yuntao,XU Ming,et al.The effect of Emeishan supper mantle plume to the thermal evolution of source rocks in the Sichuan Basin[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2010,53(1):119-127.
[41]	张彤.川西前陆盆地汉王场构造构造特征及演化规律研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2011. ZHANG Tong.The tectonic characteristics and the evolutional regularity of Hanwangchang in western Sichuan foreland basin[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2011.