塔里木盆地顺北油田油气来源研究

谷茸; 云露; 朱秀香; 朱猛

doi:10.11781/sysydz202002248

塔里木盆地顺北油田油气来源研究

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202002248

中国石化西北油田分公司, 乌鲁木齐 830011

基金项目:

国家科技重大专项“塔里木—鄂尔多斯盆地海相碳酸盐岩层系大中型油气田形成规律与勘探评价” 2017ZX05005-002

中国石化科技部项目 P16088

详细信息

作者简介:
谷茸(1987-), 女, 助理研究员, 从事油气地质勘探研究。E-mail: skygrong@163.com

中图分类号: TE122.11
计量
- 文章访问数: 1402
- HTML全文浏览量: 318
- PDF下载量: 176
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-10-17
- 修回日期: 2020-02-27
- 刊出日期: 2020-03-28

Oil and gas sources in Shunbei Oilfield, Tarim Basin

SINOPEC Northwest Oilfield Company, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China

摘要

摘要: 基于塔里木盆地顺北地区原油和天然气样品的地球化学特征分析，研究了顺北地区奥陶系中下统油气来源。通过饱和烃色谱及饱和烃、芳烃色谱-质谱、全油及族组分碳同位素检测，发现原油样品中C₂₃三环萜烷占优势，伽马蜡烷含量低，C₂₇-C₂₈-C₂₉ααα20R规则甾烷表现为不规则的“V”字形分布，规则甾烷相对重排甾烷含量高，原油碳同位素偏轻，与柯坪露头及孔探1井等下寒武统烃源岩有很好的亲缘性；天然气δ¹³C₁值为-50.7‰~-44.7‰，天然气δ¹³C₂值为-36.1‰~-33.1‰，干燥系数为0.520~0.883，为原油伴生气，油气同源，判断顺北油田油气主要来源于下寒武统烃源岩。通过已钻井岩相、沉积相和全盆地地震相资料，预测下寒武统烃源岩在塔里木盆地广泛分布，厚度在30 m左右，有机碳含量高，生烃潜力大，具有长期生烃、多期供烃的特点，能提供充足的油气资源，是塔里木盆地台盆区最主要的烃源岩。
- 油源对比 /
- 油气来源 /
- 主力烃源岩 /
- 奥陶系 /
- 顺北地区 /
- 塔里木盆地
Abstract: The hydrocarbon sources in the Middle and Lower Ordovician in the Shunbei area of the Tarim Basin were studied based on the geochemical characteristics of oil and gas samples. The saturated hydrocarbon gas chromatography, mass spectrometry of crude oil and natural gas, and the carbon isotope distribution of whole oil and group components were used. The C₂₃ tricyclic terpane is dominant in crude oil samples from the Shunbei area, with a low content of gammacerane. The C₂₇-C₂₈-C₂₉ααα20R regular steranes show an irregular "V" shape distribution. The regular steranes account for a larger amount than the rearranged steranes, and the carbon isotope of the crude oils is light. The geochemical characteristics of crude oil samples from the Middle and Lower Ordovician in the Shunbei area have a good affinity with those from the Lower Cambrian in the Keping outcrop and the well KT1. The δ¹³C₁ and δ¹³C₂ values of natural gas samples are -50.7‰ to -44.7‰ and -36.1‰ to -33.1‰, respectively. The gas dryness coefficient ranges from 0.520 to 0.883. The oil and natural gas in the Shunbei Oilfield have the same source, that is, the Lower Cambrian source rocks. The distribution of source rocks in the Lower Cambrian of the Tarim Basin was predicted by means of drilled lithofacies, sedimentary facies and seismic facies of the whole basin. The source rocks are about 30 m thick. They have a high TOC content and show a great hydrocarbon generation potential. They have experienced a long term of hydrocarbon generation and multiple stages of hydrocarbon supply, providing significant oil and gas resources for the Tarim Basin.
- oil-source correlation /
- oil and gas source /
- main source rock /
- Ordovician /
- Shunbei area /
- Tarim Basin

HTML全文

图 1 塔里木盆地顺北油田构造位置

Figure 1. Structure map and location of Shunbei Oilfield, Tarim Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 塔里木盆地顺北地区奥陶系原油与下寒武统玉尔吐斯组烃源岩m/z 191和m/z 217图谱对比

Figure 2. m/z 191 and m/z 217 mass chromatograms of Ordovician crude oil and $ \mathrm{{\rlap{-} C }} $ ₁y source rocks in Shunbei area, Tarim Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 塔里木盆地下寒武统烃源岩发育模式^[19]

Figure 3. Development model of Lower Cambrian source rocks in Tarim Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 塔里木盆地下寒武统沉积相及烃源岩厚度预测^[19]

Figure 4. Prediction of sedimentary facies and source rock thickness of Lower Cambrian, Tarim Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 塔里木盆地顺北地区原油性质

Table 1. Nature of crude oil in Shunbei area of Tarim Basin

断裂带	井号	层位	深度/m		原油密度(20 ℃)/(g·cm^-3)	黏度(50 ℃)/(mP·s)	凝固点/℃	含硫量/%	含蜡量/%
断裂带	井号	层位	斜深	垂深	原油密度(20 ℃)/(g·cm^-3)	黏度(50 ℃)/(mP·s)	凝固点/℃	含硫量/%	含蜡量/%
1号带北段	SHB1-3	中奥陶统	7 255.70~7 389.50	7 255.70~7 357.89	0.795 5	2.52	-20	0.103	8.23
	SHB1-6H	中奥陶统	7 288.16~7 789.07	7 288.16~7 399.75	0.789 3	2.16	-16	0.104	2.84
	SHB1-1H	中奥陶统	7 458.00~7 613.05	7 458.00~7 557.66	0.795 5	3.11	-4	0.120	2.82
	SHB1-4H	中奥陶统	7 459.00~8 049.50	7 459.00~7 561.96	0.796 9	2.88	-14	0.133	5.29
	SHB1-2H	中奥陶统	7 469.00~7 778.11	7 469.00~7 569.47	0.808 8	3.28	-14	0.109	2.28
1号带南段	SHB1-11H	中奥陶统	7 572.00~7 732.17	7 572.00~7 732.17	0.793 4	2.56	-34	0.106	4.58
1号带南段	SHB1-15H	中下奥陶统	7 614.00~8 010.00	7 614.00~8 007.13	0.793 8	2.52	-24	0.115	3.94
5号带	SHB5	中下奥陶统	7 315.00~7 950.06	7 315.00~7 650.64	0.829 6	4.37	﹤-34	0.198	4.38
	SHB5-2	中奥陶统	7 460.33~7 527.16	7 460.33~7 527.16	0.823 4	5.18	-24	0.195	1.05
	SHB51X	中奥陶统	7 556.00~7 876.00	7 556.00~7 683.64	0.802 4	3.66	-14	0.094	4.24
	SHB5-6	中下奥陶统	7 518.00~8 026.00	7 518.00~7 942.65	0.809 8	5.38	-10	0.093
7号带	SHB7	中下奥陶统	7 568.46~8 121.00	7 568.46~7 863.66	0.859 1	18.72	-16	0.159	3.65

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 塔里木盆地顺北地区天然气烃类组成

Table 2. Hydrocarbon composition of natural gas in Shunbei area, Tarim Basin

断裂带	井号	层位	天然气相对密度	烃类组分含量/%			干燥系数/%	非烃类组分含量/%		天然气类型
断裂带	井号	层位	天然气相对密度	甲烷	乙烷	丙烷以上	干燥系数/%	N₂	CO₂	天然气类型
1号带北段	SHB1-3	中奥陶统	0.68	83.37	6.63	5.32	87.62	2.40	2.27	湿气
	SHB1-6H	中奥陶统	0.68	83.61	6.63	4.54	88.33	2.66	2.56
	SHB1-1H	中奥陶统	0.70	81.14	7.55	5.99	85.83	2.88	2.43
	SHB1-4H	中奥陶统	0.71	78.60	8.98	6.18	83.94	4.12	2.14
	SHB1-2H	中奥陶统	0.72	78.32	8.52	6.78	83.81	4.28	2.10
1号带南段	SHB1-11H	中奥陶统	0.75	74.67	9.76	8.67	80.40	4.83	2.08
1号带南段	SHB1-15H	中下奥陶统	0.77	71.99	10.46	8.60	79.23	4.75	4.19
5号带	SHB5	中下奥陶统	0.91	48.90	17.58	14.88	60.29	15.17	3.48
	SHB5-2	中奥陶统	0.89	52.78	17.04	14.36	62.88	12.93	2.81
	SHB51X	中奥陶统	0.75	73.51	9.51	7.63	81.28	6.27	2.55
	SHB5-6	中下奥陶统	0.74	73.21	9.88	7.31	81.17	8.19	1.40
7号带	SHB7	中下奥陶统	1.00	42.54	19.37	20.22	52.03	11.02	5.48

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 塔里木盆地顺北地区奥陶系原油与下寒武统烃源岩生标参数对比

Table 3. Biomarkers of Ordovician crude oil and Lower Cambrian source rocks in Shunbei area, Tarim Basin

采样点	样品	层位	三类规则甾烷相对含量/%			Ts/(Ts+Tm)	重排甾烷/规则甾烷	C₂₁/C₂₃三环萜烷	G/C₃₀藿烷
采样点	样品	层位	C₂₇ααα20R	C₂₈ααα20R	C₂₉ααα20R	Ts/(Ts+Tm)	重排甾烷/规则甾烷	C₂₁/C₂₃三环萜烷	G/C₃₀藿烷
顺北1井	原油	O₂yj	33	15	52	0.780	0.410	0.520	-
顺北1-4井	原油	O₂yj	35	28	38	0.475	0.456	0.515	-
顺北5井	原油	O₂yj+O_1-2y	33	15	52	0.497	0.416	0.540	-
顺北7井	原油	O₂yj+O_1-2y	25	15	60	0.657	0.510	0.640	0.118
苏盖特布拉克剖面	泥岩	$ \mathrm{{\rlap{-} C }} $₁y	35	30	36	0.440	0.170	0.790	0.295
孔探1井	泥岩	$ \mathrm{{\rlap{-} C }} $₁xs	36	30	34	0.380	0.110	0.560	0.380

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(20)

[1]	焦方正. 塔里木盆地顺北特深碳酸盐岩断溶体油气藏发现意义与前景[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2018, 39(2): 207-216. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT201802002.htm JIAO Fangzheng. Significance and prospect of ultra-deep carbonate fault-karst reservoirs in Shunbei area, Tarim Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2018, 39(2): 207-216. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT201802002.htm
[2]	漆立新. 塔里木盆地顺托果勒隆起奥陶系碳酸盐岩超深层油气突破及其意义[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2016, 21(3): 38-51. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KTSY201603004.htm QI Lixin. Oil and gas breakthrough in ultra-deep Ordovician carbonate formations in Shuntuoguole uplift, Tarim Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2016, 21(3): 38-51. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KTSY201603004.htm
[3]	翟晓先, 顾忆, 钱一雄, 等. 塔里木盆地塔深1井寒武系油气地球化学特征[J]. 石油实验地质, 2007, 29(4): 329-333. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200704329 ZHAI Xiaoxian, GU Yi, QIAN Yixiong, et al. Geochemical characteristics of the Cambrian oil and gas in well Tashen 1, the Tarim Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2007, 29(4): 329-333. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200704329
[4]	邓尚, 李慧莉, 张仲培, 等. 塔里木盆地顺北及邻区主干走滑断裂带差异活动特征及其与油气富集的关系[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2018, 39(5): 878-888. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT201805004.htm DENG Shang, LI Huili, ZHANG Zhongpei, et al. Characteristics of differential activities in major strike-slip fault zones and their control on hydrocarbon enrichment in Shunbei area and its surroundings, Tarim Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2018, 39(5): 878-888. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT201805004.htm
[5]	王招明, 谢会文, 陈永权, 等. 塔里木盆地中深1井寒武系盐下白云岩原生油气藏的发现与勘探意义[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2014, 19(2): 1-13. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KTSY201402001.htm WANG Zhaoming, XIE Huiwen, CHEN Yongquan, et al. Discovery and exploration of Cambrian subsalt dolomite original hydrocarbon reservoir at Zhongshen-1 Well in Tarim Basin[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2014, 19(2): 1-13. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KTSY201402001.htm
[6]	李政, 徐兴友, 宋来亮, 等. 伊朗卡山区块原油地球化学特征[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2005, 32(5): 130-133. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SKYK200505029.htm LI Zheng, XU Xingyou, SONG Lailiang, et al. Oil geochemical characteristics in the Kashan block, Iran[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2005, 32(5): 130-133. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SKYK200505029.htm
[7]	K.E. 彼得斯, C.C. 沃尔特斯, J.M. 莫尔多万. 生物标记化合物指南: 古代沉积物和石油中分子化石的解释[M]. 姜乃煌, 译. 北京: 石油工业出版社, 1995. PETERS K E, WALTERS C C, MOLODOWAN. The biomarker guide[M]. JIANG Naihuang, trans. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 1995.
[8]	K.E. 彼得斯, C.C. 沃尔特斯, J.M. 莫尔多万. 生物标志化合物指南下册[M]. 2版. 张水昌, 李振西, 译. 北京: 石油工业出版社, 2011. PETERS K E, WALTERS C C, MOLODOWAN J M. The biomarker guide[M]. 2nd ed. ZHANG Shuichang, LI Zhenxi, trans. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 2011.
[9]	侯读杰, 张林晔. 实用油气地球化学图鉴[M]. 北京: 石油工业出版社, 2003. HOU Dujie, ZHANG Linye. Practical geochemical atlas[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 2003.
[10]	戴金星. 天然气碳氢同位素特征和各类天然气鉴别[J]. 天然气地球科学, 1993, 4(2/3): 1-40. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TDKX1993Z1000.htm DAI Jinxing. Characteristics of carbon and hydrogen isotopes of natural gas and its identification[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 1993, 4(2/3): 1-40. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TDKX1993Z1000.htm
[11]	杨瑞东, 张传林, 罗新荣, 等. 新疆库鲁克塔格地区早寒武世硅质岩地球化学特征及其意义[J]. 地质学报, 2006, 80(4): 598-605. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZXE200604026.htm YANG Ruidong, ZHANG Chuanlin, LUO Xingrong, et al. Geochemical characteristics of early Cambrian cherts in Quruqtagh, Xinjiang, West China[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2006, 80(4): 589-605. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZXE200604026.htm
[12]	杨鑫, 徐旭辉, 陈强路, 等. 塔里木盆地前寒武纪古构造格局及其对下寒武统烃源岩发育的控制作用[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2014, 25(8): 1164-1171. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TDKX201408006.htm YANG Xin, XU Xuhui, CHEN Qianglu, et al. Palaeotectonics pattern in Pre-Cambrian and its control on the deposition of the Lower Cambrian source rocks in Tarim Basin, NW China[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2014, 25(8): 1164-1171. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TDKX201408006.htm
[13]	HALLAM A. Palaeobiogeography[J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 1978, 24(4): 367-368.
[14]	贾承造, 魏国齐, 姚慧君, 等. 盆地构造演化与区域构造地质[M]. 北京: 石油工业出版社, 1995: 1-50. JIA Chengzao, WEI Guoqi, YAO Huijun, et al. Tectonic evolution and regional structural geology[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 1995: 1-50.
[15]	高志前, 樊太亮, 焦志峰, 等. 塔里木盆地寒武-奥陶系碳酸盐岩台地样式及其沉积响应特征[J]. 沉积学报, 2006, 24(1): 19-27. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CJXB200601002.htm GAO Zhiqian, FAN Tailiang, JIAO Zhifeng, et al. The structural types and depositional characteristics of carbonate platform in the Cambrian-Ordovician of Tarim Basin[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2006, 24(1): 19-27. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CJXB200601002.htm
[16]	赵宗举, 罗家洪, 张运波, 等. 塔里木盆地寒武纪层序岩相古地理[J]. 石油学报, 2011, 32(6): 937-948. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYXB201106004.htm ZHAO Zongju, LUO Jiahong, ZHANG Yunbo, et al. Lithofacies paleogeography of Cambrian sequences in the Tarim basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2011, 32(6): 937-948. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYXB201106004.htm
[17]	潘文庆, 陈永权, 熊益学, 等. 塔里木盆地下寒武统烃源岩沉积相研究及其油气勘探指导意义[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2015, 26(7): 1224-1232. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TDKX201507003.htm PAN Wenqing, CHEN Yongquan, XIONG Yixue, et al. Sedimentary facies research and implications to advantaged exploration regions on Lower Cambrian source rocks, Tarim Basin[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2015, 26(7): 1224-1232. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TDKX201507003.htm
[18]	朱光有, 陈斐然, 陈志勇, 等. 塔里木盆地寒武系玉尔吐斯组优质烃源岩的发现及其基本特征[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2016, 27(1): 8-21. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TDKX201601003.htm ZHU Guangyou, CHEN Feiran, CHEN Zhiyong, et al. Discovery and basic characteristics of the high-quality source rocks of the Cambrian Yuertusi Formation in Tarim Basin[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2016, 27(1): 8-21. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TDKX201601003.htm
[19]	顾忆, 黄继文, 贾存善, 等. 塔里木盆地海相油气成藏研究进展[J]. 石油实验地质, 2020, 42(1): 1-12. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202001001 GU Yi, HUANG Jiwen, JIA Cunshan, et al. Research progress on marine oil and gas accumulation in Tarim Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2020, 42(1): 1-12. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202001001
[20]	顾忆, 万旸璐, 黄继文, 等. "大埋深、高压力"条件下塔里木盆地超深层油气勘探前景[J]. 石油实验地质, 2019, 41(2): 157-164. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201902157 GU Yi, WANG Yanglu, HUANG Jiwen, et al. Prospects for ultra-deep oil and gas in the "deep burial and high pressure" Tarim Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2019, 41(2): 157-164. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201902157