渤海湾盆地沧东凹陷古近系孔二段页岩层系原油地球化学特征

李文奇; 刘小平; 关铭; 刘华欣

doi:10.11781/sysydz202002263

渤海湾盆地沧东凹陷古近系孔二段页岩层系原油地球化学特征

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202002263

李文奇^{1, 2,},
刘小平^{1, 2, ,},
关铭^{1, 2},
刘华欣^{1, 2}

1.
油气资源与探测国家重点实验室(中国石油大学(北京)), 北京 102249
2.
中国石油大学(北京) 地球科学学院, 北京 102249

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 41372144

国家科技重大专项 2017ZX05049001-008

详细信息

作者简介:
李文奇(1994-), 男, 硕士研究生, 从事石油地质学研究。E-mail: 542493634@qq.com

通讯作者:
刘小平(1971-), 男, 博士, 副教授, 从事石油地质学教学与研究。E-mail: liuxiaoping@cup.edu.cn

中图分类号: TE122.1
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-11-30
- 修回日期: 2020-01-31
- 刊出日期: 2020-03-28

Geochemical characteristics of crude oils in the second member of Kongdian Formation shale system, Cangdong Sag, Bohai Bay Basin

LI Wenqi^{1, 2
,},
LIU Xiaoping^{1, 2
, ,},
GUAN Ming^{1, 2},
LIU Huaxin^{1, 2}

1.
State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum(Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
2.
College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum(Beijing), Beijing 102249, China

摘要

摘要: 利用原油物性、族组分分离与定量、饱和烃色谱—质谱、芳烃色谱—质谱、稳定碳同位素等分析测试资料，系统分析了渤海湾盆地沧东凹陷古近系孔二段页岩层系原油地球化学特征。研究表明，原油属于中质、中凝稠油，流动性较差；原油中烃类含量偏低，饱芳比和非沥比均较低。不同构造单元上的原油生物标志物及稳定碳同位素分布特征相似，反映其母质来源及生烃演化过程基本一致。饱和烃色谱以正态分布的单峰型为主，轻碳优势不明显，C₂₇、C₂₈、C₂₉规则甾烷呈“上升型”分布，三环萜烷含量低，反映原油有机母质来源具有湖相水生生物和陆源高等植物的双重贡献，且以陆源高等植物为主。伽马蜡烷指数、重排霍烷含量及分布、Pr/Ph、三芴系列化合物、原油稳定碳同位素分布等指标反映了原油形成于弱氧化—还原条件下的淡水—微咸水沉积环境。正构烷烃分布特征和奇偶优势比、αββ/（ααα+αββ）C₂₉与20S/（20S+20R）C₂₉甾烷异构化指数以及霍烷异构化指数均指示原油成熟度偏低。
- 生物标志物 /
- 原油 /
- 页岩 /
- 孔店组二段 /
- 沧东凹陷 /
- 渤海湾盆地
Abstract: Crude oils in the shale system of the second member of Kongdian Formation (Ek₂) in the Cangdong Sag of the Bohai Bay Basin were analyzed for physical properties, group composition, quantitative gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of saturated hydrocarbon and aromatic hydrocarbon fractions and stable carbon isotopes. The crude oils belong to medium quality, medium freezing point heavy oil with poor fluidity. The hydrocarbon content in the crude oils is low, and both ratios of saturated hydrocarbon to aromatic and nonhydrocarbon to asphaltene are low. The characteristics of crude oil biomarkers and stable carbon isotope distributions in different structural units are similar, indicating that these crude oils have roughly similar sources and hydrocarbon evolution processes. Almost all the samples have saturated hydrocarbons with a slight dominance of light carbons and are normally distributed with a single peak. The distribution of C₂₇, C₂₈ and C₂₉ regular steranes shows a rising trend, while the tricyclic terpane content is very low, demonstrating that the original organic matter had contributions of lacustrine aquatic organisms and terrigenous higher plants, with the latter being the major contributor. The gammacerane index, the content and distribution of rearranged hopanes, Pr/Ph, dibenzothiophene, dibenzofuran and fluorine series, and stable carbon isotope distribution and other indicators suggest that the crude oil source rocks formed in fresh-brackish and weakly oxidizing to reducing lacustrine environment. The odd/even predominance, the αββ/(ααα+αββ)C₂₉ and 20S/(20S+20R) C₂₉ isomerization index and the hopane isomerization index indicate that the crude oils have low thermal maturity.
- biomarker /
- crude oil /
- shale /
- second member of Kongdian Formation /
- Cangdong Sag /
- Bohai Bay Basin

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图 1 渤海湾盆地沧东凹陷构造单元及采样井位

Figure 1. Structural units and sample well location in Cangdong Sag, Bohai Bay Basin

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图 2 渤海湾盆地沧东凹陷孔二段原油饱和烃气相色谱图

Figure 2. Gas chromatograms of saturated hydrocarbons of crude oils from Ek₂ in Cangdong Sag, Bohai Bay Basin

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图 3 渤海湾盆地沧东凹陷孔二段原油甾烷(m/z 217)质量色谱图

Figure 3. Mass chromatograms of sterane (m/z 217) of crude oils from Ek₂ in Cangdong Sag, Bohai Bay Basin

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图 4 渤海湾盆地沧东凹陷孔二段原油ααα(20R)C₂₇-ααα(20R)C₂₈-ααα(20R)C₂₉规则甾烷相对含量三角图

Figure 4. Ternary plots of ααα(20R)C₂₇-ααα(20R)C₂₈-ααα(20R)C₂₉ regular sterane relative contents of crude oils from Ek₂ in Cangdong Sag, Bohai Bay Basin

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图 5 渤海湾盆地沧东凹陷孔二段原油萜烷(m/z 191)质量色谱图

Figure 5. Mass chromatograms of terpanes (m/z 191) of crude oils from Ek₂ in Cangdong Sag, Bohai Bay Basin

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图 6 渤海湾盆地沧东凹陷孔二段原油三芴系列相对含量三角图

Figure 6. Triangular diagram of relative content of dibenzothiophene, dibenzofuran and fluorine series of crude oils from Ek₂ in Cangdong Sag, Bohai Bay Basin

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图 7 渤海湾盆地沧东凹陷孔二段原油全油及各组分碳同位素分布

Figure 7. Carbon isotopic distribution of whole crude oils and group components from Ek₂ in Cangdong Sag, Bohai Bay Basin

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图 8 渤海湾盆地沧东凹陷孔二段原油甾烷成熟度参数

Figure 8. Sterane maturity parameters of crude oils from Ek₂ in Cangdong Sag, Bohai Bay Basin

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表 1 渤海湾盆地沧东凹陷孔二段页岩层系原油物性数据

Table 1. Physical properties of crude oils from Ek₂ in Cangdong Sag, Bohai Bay Basin

构造单元	井号	井深/m	密度/(g·cm^-3)	黏度(50 ℃)/(mPa·s)	含蜡量/%	凝固点/℃
孔东斜坡	G27-70	3 132.1~3 169.6	0.892 4	80.31	30.88	37
	G28-66H	3 272.0~3 288.6	0.888 6	151.74	27.62	36
	G32-72L	2 710.0~3 146.9	0.890 2	83.21	25.02	42
	G32-73	2 438.9~2 474.9	0.890 8	81.88	23.80	38
	G36-62	2 273.1~2 312.0	0.911 2	80.35	25.34	40
	G36-64	2 278.6~2 340.2	0.882 1	81.24	24.89	39
	G962-17	2 109.9~2 138.9	0.878 9	52.38	26.35	38
	JK39-37	2 472.1~2 480.1	0.887 4	87.82	22.38	37
	JK41-23	2 177.1~2 239.4	0.890 5	86.23	21.62	38
孔店构造带	F8-16	2 300.1~2 980.8	0.883 6	87.71	22.08	36
	F22-9	2 312.1~2 936.3	0.886 9	82.36	23.67	37
	F32-17	2 332.5~3 555.5	0.890 1	83.49	26.72	34
	Z32	2 395.8~2 416.9	0.867 1	23.92	21.13	33
	Z29-20	2 470.9~2 519.1	0.878 2	50.24	16.52	35
舍女寺断鼻带	NK51-42	3 140.6~3 275.6	0.910 2	113.28	17.46	38
	NK53-32	2 700.8~3 160.2	0.895 6	114.21	18.56	37
	NK53-57	3 043.1~3 197.9	0.885 4	76.61	23.01	36
	NK60-52	2 891.8~3 016.1	0.892 7	108.36	20.21	38
	NK61-42	2 806.2~2 848.2	0.891 5	114.39	17.64	38

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表 2 渤海湾盆地沧东凹陷孔二段页岩层系原油族组成及饱和烃气相色谱参数

Table 2. Group compositions and gas chromatography parameters of saturated hydrocarbons of crude oils from Ek₂ in Cangdong Sag, Bohai Bay Basin

井号	含量/%					饱和烃/芳烃	非烃/沥青质	主峰碳数	C_21^-/C_22⁺	C₂₁₊₂₂/C₂₈₊₂₉	Pr/Ph	Pr/nC₁₇	Ph/nC₁₈	CPI	OEP
井号	饱和烃	芳烃	非烃	沥青质	非烃+沥青质	饱和烃/芳烃	非烃/沥青质	主峰碳数	C_21^-/C_22⁺	C₂₁₊₂₂/C₂₈₊₂₉	Pr/Ph	Pr/nC₁₇	Ph/nC₁₈	CPI	OEP
G27-70	56.20	22.63	16.79	4.38	21.17	2.48	3.83	C₂₃	0.39	1.14	0.82	0.59	0.65	1.17	1.16
G28-66H	62.25	20.48	12.45	4.82	17.27	3.04	2.58	C₂₃	0.57	1.73	0.90	0.45	0.49	1.16	1.13
G32-72L	62.04	18.29	13.66	6.02	19.68	3.39	2.27	C₂₃	0.35	1.25	0.68	0.51	0.62	1.17	1.17
G32-73	62.75	21.20	11.17	4.87	16.05	2.96	2.29	C₂₃	0.44	1.28	0.81	0.51	0.61	1.17	1.16
G36-62	59.42	21.74	12.08	6.76	18.84	2.73	1.79	C₂₃	0.40	1.26	0.78	0.49	0.56	1.16	1.13
G36-64	64.23	21.69	9.30	4.79	14.08	2.96	1.94	C₂₃	0.47	1.34	0.81	0.46	0.55	1.15	1.14
G962-17	44.63	29.48	17.08	8.82	25.90	1.51	1.94	C₂₇	0.31	0.86	0.53	1.18	2.36	1.32	1.35
JK39-37	38.70	26.32	24.15	10.84	34.98	1.47	2.23	C₂₃	0.37	1.29	0.68	0.99	1.30	1.21	1.15
JK41-23	47.29	24.19	19.49	9.03	28.52	1.96	2.16	C₂₃	0.41	1.43	0.69	0.61	0.72	1.16	1.17
F8-16	52.86	26.43	15.42	5.29	20.70	2.00	2.92	C₂₃	0.41	1.34	0.69	0.68	0.93	1.21	1.19
F22-9	52.85	20.60	20.60	5.96	26.55	2.57	3.46	C₂₃	0.42	1.53	0.72	0.68	0.88	1.27	1.17
F32-17	40.23	24.06	21.80	13.91	35.71	1.67	1.57	C₂₃	0.37	1.35	0.63	1.80	2.14	1.12	1.13
Z32	43.72	28.74	17.00	10.53	27.53	1.52	1.62	C₂₃	0.50	1.45	0.84	0.53	0.60	1.16	1.13
Z29-20	51.79	23.81	11.31	13.10	24.40	2.18	0.86	C₂₃	0.47	1.50	0.79	0.51	0.55	1.15	1.10
NK51-42	60.36	23.42	11.71	4.50	16.22	2.58	2.60	C₂₃	0.45	1.42	0.81	0.61	0.72	1.18	1.17
NK53-32	55.25	19.66	14.92	10.17	25.08	2.81	1.47	C₂₃	0.55	1.42	1.00	0.58	0.58	1.16	1.16
NK53-57	54.39	21.27	15.79	8.55	24.34	2.56	1.85	C₂₃	0.43	1.14	0.81	0.71	0.92	1.20	1.21
NK60-52	49.88	24.19	17.71	8.23	25.94	2.06	2.15	C₂₃	0.37	1.14	0.60	0.92	1.63	1.32	1.32
NK61-42	50.34	22.30	18.39	8.97	27.36	2.26	2.05	C₂₃	0.37	1.06	0.64	0.88	1.43	1.28	1.29

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表 3 渤海湾盆地沧东凹陷孔二段原油萜烷参数

Table 3. Terpane parameters of crude oils from Ek₂ in Cangdong Sag, Bohai Bay Basin

井号	深度/m	三环萜烷/C₃₀H	G/C₃₀H	20S/(20S+20R)C₃₁升藿烷	C₃₀M/C₃₀H	Ts/Tm	Ts/(Ts+Tm)
G27-70	3 132.1~3 169.6	0.09	0.25	0.57	0.12	0.97	0.49
G28-66H	3 272.0~3 288.6	0.10	0.27	0.56	0.12	1.06	0.51
G32-72L	2 710.0~3 146.9	0.08	0.25	0.56	0.13	0.95	0.49
G32-73	2 438.9~2 474.9	0.08	0.26	0.56	0.13	0.90	0.47
G36-62	2 273.1~2 312.0	0.09	0.26	0.56	0.13	0.81	0.45
G36-64	2 278.6~2 340.2	0.09	0.27	0.56	0.14	0.79	0.44
G962-17	2 109.9~2 138.9	0.05	0.17	0.55	0.14	0.32	0.24
JK39-37	2 472.1~2 480.1	0.08	0.18	0.55	0.16	0.29	0.22
JK41-23	2 177.1~2 239.4	0.10	0.18	0.55	0.15	0.29	0.23
F8-16	2 300.1~2 980.8	0.07	0.19	0.55	0.14	0.47	0.32
F22-9	2 312.1~2 936.3	0.07	0.20	0.56	0.14	0.58	0.37
F32-17	2 332.5~3 555.5	0.11	0.18	0.56	0.12	0.47	0.32
Z32	2 395.8~2 416.9	0.09	0.22	0.55	0.12	0.74	0.43
Z29-20	2 470.9~2 519.1	0.10	0.24	0.56	0.14	0.78	0.44
NK51-42	3 140.6~3 275.6	0.08	0.20	0.56	0.13	0.64	0.39
NK53-32	2 700.8~3 160.2	0.09	0.20	0.55	0.13	0.65	0.39
NK53-57	3 043.1~3 197.9	0.07	0.17	0.56	0.12	0.53	0.35
NK60-52	2 891.8~3 016.1	0.04	0.16	0.54	0.12	0.39	0.28
NK61-42	2 806.2~2 848.2	0.05	0.16	0.54	0.12	0.40	0.28

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