松南长岭断陷沙河子组烃源岩发育特征与成藏启示

李浩; 胡烨; 王保华; 陆建林; 王苗; 吕剑虹

doi:10.11781/sysydz202002273

松南长岭断陷沙河子组烃源岩发育特征与成藏启示

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202002273

中国石化石油勘探开发研究院无锡石油地质研究所, 江苏无锡 214126

基金项目:

“十三五”国家科技重大专项 2017ZX05049001-006

中国石化科技部项目 P13073

详细信息

作者简介:
李浩(1984-), 男, 博士, 从事油气成藏机理及非常规油气评价研究工作。E-mail: lh107033@163.com

中图分类号: TE122.11
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-04-25
- 修回日期: 2020-02-08
- 刊出日期: 2020-03-28

Characteristics of source rocks in Shahezi Formation and implications for hydrocarbon accumulation, Changling Fault Depression, southern Songliao Basin

Wuxi Research Institute of Petroleum Geology, SINOPEC, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214126, China

摘要

摘要: 烃源岩形成时期的古构造和古沉积环境共同控制了烃源岩的宏观分布。基于“原型控源”这一思想，利用元素化学对长岭断陷主力烃源岩，即下白垩统沙河子组烃源岩，形成古环境进行了恢复，结合古构造恢复，明确了沙河子组残留烃源岩的分布特征。长岭断陷沙河子组沉积时期总体表现为较大的古水深、潮湿—半潮湿气候、淡水相、厌氧—贫氧环境，这为沙河子组优质烃源岩的形成提供了有利的沉积条件；该时期盆地由2个较统一的断陷构成，整体为广湖，烃源岩广泛发育，受后期多次反转作用影响，沙河子组发生掀斜并遭受不同程度的剥蚀，沙河子组残留烃源岩出现在现今斜坡带；这为斜坡带和盆缘超剥带油气成藏提供了新的思路，即龙凤山—东岭斜坡、查干花东斜坡和伏龙泉西斜坡富有机质烃源岩发育，油气成藏“近水楼台”，为油气勘探有利区。此外，盆缘超剥带具备了油气成藏条件，具有一定的勘探潜力。
- 烃源岩 /
- 原型控源 /
- 古环境 /
- 多期构造运动 /
- 超剥带 /
- 沙河子组 /
- 长岭断陷 /
- 松辽盆地
Abstract: The paleo-tectonics and sedimentary environment during source rock deposition controlled the macro distribution of source rocks. The deposition environment of the Lower Cretaceous Shahezi Formation (K₁sh) source rocks, which are the main source rocks in the Changling Fault Depression of the southern Songliao Basin, was restored based on the theory that "basin prototype controlled source rock development". The distribution of preserved source rocks in the K₁sh was determined using tectonic restoration. The paleo-environment of the Changling Fault Depression during the K₁sh period was characterized by deep water, humid to subhumid climate and anaerobic freshwater, which was favorable for the deposition of source rocks. The Changling Fault Depression was composed of two relatively unified fault subsags during the K₁sh period, and the K₁sh source rocks were widely developed. After multiple stages of reversal, the Shahezi Formation was uplifted and eroded to different degrees, and the residual source rocks were mainly found on the present slope. This study provided a new idea for the oil and gas accumulation on the slope belt and the basin margin super-stripping belt. The Longfengshan-Dongling slope, the Chaganhua east slope and the Fulongquan west slope are favorable exploration areas for oil and gas exploration, where excellent source rocks were developed. In addition, the super-stripping zone of the Shahezi Formation is also favorable for hydrocarbon accumulation, showing a certain exploration potential.
- source rock /
- basin prototype controlled source rock development /
- paleo-environment /
- multi-phases of tectonic movement /
- super-stripping zone /
- Shahezi Formation /
- Changling Fault Depression /
- Songliao Basin

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图 1 松辽盆地长岭断陷地理位置及构造区划

Figure 1. Location and tectonic units in Changling Fault Depression, Songliao Basin

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图 2 松辽盆地长岭断陷下白垩统沙河子组烃源岩TOC与S₁+S₂关系

Figure 2. Relationship between TOC content and S₁+S₂ values of K₁sh source rocks in Changling Fault Depression, Songliao Basin

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图 3 松辽盆地长岭断陷下白垩统沙河子组湖相烃源岩元素含量比Sr/Cu与古气候指数关系^{[9, 11]}

Figure 3. Relationship between Sr/Cu ratio and paleoclimate index of lacustrine source rocks in K₁sh, Changling Fault Depression, Songliao Basin

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图 4 松辽盆地长岭断陷下白垩统湖相烃源岩元素含量比V/Cr与Ni/Co关系^{[11, 15-16]}

Figure 4. Relationship between V/Cr and Ni/Co ratios of lacustrine source rocks in Lower Cretaceous, Changling Fault Depression, Songliao Basin

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图 5 松辽盆地长岭断陷下白垩统湖相烃源岩元素含量比Sr/Ba与Sr含量关系

Figure 5. Relationship between Sr/Ba ratio and Sr content in lacustrine source rock in Lower Cretaceous, Changling Fault Depression, Songliao Basin

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图 6 松辽盆地长岭断陷B2井下白垩统泥岩微量元素特征与湖盆演化

Figure 6. Trace element characteristics of mudstones in Lower Cretaceous and basin evolution, well B2, Changling Fault Depression, Songliao Basin

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图 7 松辽盆地长岭断陷沙河子组抬升剥蚀前后烃源岩分布示意

Figure 7. Source rock distribution before and after the uplifting and erosion of Shahezi Formation, Changling Fault Depression, Songliao Basin

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图 8 松辽盆地长岭断陷斜坡带沙河子组“削截”特征

Figure 8. "Cut-off" features of Shahezi Formation on slope belt, Changling Fault Depression, Songliao Basin

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图 9 松辽盆地长岭断陷沙河子组暗色泥岩厚度等值线

Figure 9. Thickness isopach of K₁sh dark mudstones, Changling Fault Depression, Songliao Basin

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表 1 松辽盆地长岭断陷SL1井下白垩统元素标志、水体相对深度及沉积环境划分

Table 1. Element indexes, relative water depth and sedimentary environments of Lower Cretaceous in well SL1, Changling Fault Depression, Songliao Basin

层位	泥岩主要颜色	泥地比/%	Fe/Mn		(Al+Fe)/(Ca+Mg)		反映的沉积环境	参考指标范围
层位	泥岩主要颜色	泥地比/%	范围	均值	范围	均值	反映的沉积环境	参考指标范围
营二段	灰色	32	38~56	47	5.7~7.9	6.9	滨浅湖	滨浅湖：Fe /Mn>40，(Al+Fe)/(Ca+ Mg)>5.0；半深湖：30 < Fe/Mn < 40，2.5 < (Al+Fe)/(Ca+ Mg) < 5.0；深湖：Fe/Mn < 30，(Al+Fe)/(Ca+ Mg) < 2.5
营一段	灰色	4	64	64	7.7	7.7	滨浅湖
沙二段	黑色、深灰色	57	24~45	37	0.9~5.6	3.1	深湖
沙一段	深灰色，顶部灰黑色	50	35~49	39	4.1~5.7	5.0	半深湖

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表 2 古盐度微量元素判断指标^[18-19]

Table 2. Trace element index for paleosalinity recognition in samples

判断指标	淡水	半咸水	咸水
Sr丰度/10^-6	< 300	300~500	>500
Sr/Ba	< 0.6	0.6~1.0	>1.0

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