Geochemical characteristics and oil-source correlation of crude oils in 6th and 7th members of Yanchang Formation, Fuxian area, Ordos Basin
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摘要: 运用原油物性、族组成、生物标志化合物、油—源对比等分析指标，对鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区长6、长7段原油地球化学特征和油源成因进行了分析。富县地区长6、长7段原油物理性质相似，均为低密度、低黏度的轻质原油；原油饱和烃平均质量分数为71.46%，芳烃平均质量分数为13.27%，非烃及沥青质含量相对较低；原油“饱芳比”值较高，平均值为5.43；正构烷烃呈单峰分布，低碳数占优，主峰碳为nC15；生物标志化合物中C30藿烷优势明显；规则甾烷构型均呈反“L”字形分布特征，以C29为主；原油成熟度相近，均为成熟原油；生油母质以低等水生生物为主，含部分陆生高等植物，沉积于弱还原的淡水—微咸水陆相沉积环境；油源对比分析表明，长6、长7段原油与本区长73亚段烃源岩亲缘关系较好，而与长7段上部暗色泥岩及湖盆中心志丹长73亚段烃源岩对比性较差，亲缘关系不明显，因此，认为原油主要来自于本区长73亚段烃源岩。Abstract: The geochemical characteristics and oil-source correlation of crude oils in the sixth (Chang 6) and seventh (Chang 7) members of Yanchang Formation in the Fuxian area of the Ordos Basin were studied based on physical properties, group composition, biomarker compounds and oil-source correlation. The Chang 6 and Chang 7 crude oils in the study area are similar in physical properties, both of which are light with a good fluidity. The average mass fraction of saturated hydrocarbons is 71.46%, the average mass fraction of aromatics is 13.27%, and the contents of non-hydrocarbons and asphaltenes are relatively low. The saturated to aromatics ratios of the crude oils are high, averaging 5.43. The n-alkane distribution is dominated by a single peak at C15 and low carbon numbers. The C30 hopane is prominent in biomarker compounds. The regular sterane distribution is anti-"L" type, that is, dominated by C29. Both of the Chang 6 and Chang 7 crude oils are mature. The sedimentary parent material type is lower hydrobiont and contains some terrestrial higher plants, which are deposited in a weakly reduced freshwater-brine water terrestrial sedimentary environment. The oil-source correlation shows that the Chang 6 and Chang 7 crude oils are closely related to the Chang 73 source rocks in this area; however, the relationship with the dark mudstones in the upper part of Chang 7 and the Chang 73 source rocks in the Zhidan area in the basin center is poor. Therefore, it is believed that the crude oil is mainly from the Chang 73 source rocks in this area.
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图 1 鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区地理位置及取样井位分布
Figure 1. Location and sampling wells of study area, Fuxian area, Ordos Basin
图 2 鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区典型井烃源岩电测曲线响应
Figure 2. Petrophysical logging curves of source rocks from typical wells in Fuxian area, Ordos Basin
图 3 鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区典型井长6、长7段原油饱和烃气相色谱
Figure 3. Gas chromatography of saturated hydrocarbons in Chang 6 and Chang 7 crude oils in Fuxian area, Ordos Basin
图 4 鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区长6、长7段原油Pr /nC17与Ph/nC18值相关图
Figure 4. Correlation between Pr/nC17 and Ph/nC18 values of Chang 6 and Chang 7 crude oils in Fuxian area, Ordos Basin
图 5 鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区长6、长7段原油αααC2920S/(20S +20R)和C29ββ/(ββ+αα)相关图
Figure 5. Correlation between αααC2920S/(20S +20R) and C29ββ/(ββ+αα) of Chang 6 and Chang 7 crude oils in Fuxian area, Ordos Basin
图 6 鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区长7段烃源岩(a，b)与长6、长7段原油(c，d)生标化合物对比
Figure 6. Biomarkers of Chang 7 source rocks (a, b) and Chang 6 and Chang 7 crude oils (c, d) in Fuxian area, Ordos Basin
图 7 鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区长6、长7段原油与长7段烃源岩及志丹地区长73亚段烃源岩生物标志化合物特征对比
Figure 7. Biomarkers of Chang 6 and Chang 7 crude oils and Chang 7 source rocks in Fuxian area and Chang 73 source rocks in Zhidan area, Ordos Basin
图 8 鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区长6、长7段原油与长7段烃源岩及志丹地区长3亚段烃源岩规则甾烷含量特征对比
Figure 8. Regular sterane distributions of Chang 6 and Chang 7 crude oils and Chang 7 source rocks in Fuxian area and Chang 73 source rocks in Zhidan area, Ordos Basin
表 1 鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区长6、长7段原油族组分数据
Table 1. Group composition of Chang 6 and Chang 7 crude oils in Fuxian area, Ordos Basin
井名 层位 族组成/% 饱/芳比 饱和烃 芳烃 非烃 沥青质 HP12 长6段 71.61 13.36 5.22 2.30 5.36 HP20 长6段 73.66 14.20 5.21 0.32 5.19 HP21 长6段 70.21 16.22 8.26 2.95 4.33 HP23 长6段 73.99 13.94 4.83 4.29 5.31 HP33 长6段 74.71 14.25 3.45 1.84 5.24 HP36 长6段 53.04 9.35 3.74 19.16 5.68 HP193 长6段 72.97 12.93 3.28 4.44 5.64 H238 长7段 71.71 13.49 3.95 3.29 5.32 H255 长7段 79.49 12.22 3.62 0.75 6.51 H141 长7段 73.18 12.71 2.12 0.94 5.76 
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表 2 鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区长6、长7段原油与烃源岩饱和烃色谱参数
Table 2. Chromatographic parameters of saturated hydrocarbons of Chang 6 and Chang 7 crude oil and source rocks in Fuxian area, Ordos Basin
井名 层位 样品类型 CPI OEP nC21-/
nC22+(nC21+nC22)/
nC28+nC29)Pr/
nC17Ph/
nC18Pr/Ph 主峰
碳数HP12 长6段 原油 1.07 1.04 1.43 1.67 0.34 0.38 0.94 nC15 HP20 长6段 原油 1.09 1.01 1.17 1.66 0.35 0.36 0.97 nC19 HP21 长6段 原油 1.06 1.03 1.57 1.96 0.30 0.29 1.09 nC15 HP23 长6段 原油 1.09 1.05 1.69 1.71 0.34 0.34 1.04 nC15 HP33 长6段 原油 1.09 1.05 1.52 1.54 0.37 0.40 0.97 nC15 HP36 长6段 原油 1.11 1.05 1.61 1.81 0.42 0.49 0.87 nC15 H193 长6段 原油 1.09 1.03 1.55 1.76 0.31 0.25 1.27 nC15 H238 长7段 原油 1.11 1.04 1.80 1.97 0.33 0.30 1.16 nC15 H255 长7段 原油 1.10 1.04 1.59 1.74 0.31 0.25 1.28 nC15 FX141 长7段 原油 1.06 1.03 1.68 1.81 0.19 0.14 1.38 nC15 FX134 长73亚段 黑色油页岩 1.06 1.02 2.31 3.40 0.18 0.12 1.57 nC16 长73亚段 黑色油页岩 1.09 1.02 1.84 3.21 0.23 0.20 1.20 nC17 FX120 长71亚段 暗色泥岩 1.13 1.02 0.80 1.97 0.45 0.44 0.84 nC21 长71亚段 暗色泥岩 1.08 1.03 3.42 4.12 0.15 0.10 1.56 nC15
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表 3 鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区长6、长7段原油与烃源岩萜甾类化合物特征参数统计
Table 3. Characteristic parameters of terpenoids in Chang 6 and Chang 7 crude oils and source rocks in Fuxian area, Ordos Basin
井名 层位 样品类型 A B C D E F G 规则甾烷相对含量/% H I J C27 C28 C29 HP12 长6段 原油 0.67 3.91 0.12 0.59 0.47 0.48 0.56 22.57 32.61 44.83 0.28 0.15 0.19 HP20 长6段 原油 0.68 2.61 0.16 0.60 0.46 0.50 0.57 23.04 32.43 44.52 0.25 0.13 0.17 HP21 长6段 原油 0.66 2.75 0.16 0.61 0.51 0.51 0.56 19.26 32.34 48.40 0.31 0.20 0.27 HP23 长6段 原油 0.66 3.47 0.13 0.59 0.45 0.49 0.57 23.16 32.05 44.79 0.29 0.14 0.19 HP33 长6段 原油 0.67 3.60 0.14 0.60 0.47 0.48 0.58 19.99 36.29 43.72 0.29 0.16 0.21 HP36 长6段 原油 0.67 1.95 0.29 0.61 0.47 0.50 0.57 19.76 36.29 43.95 0.26 0.12 0.16 H193 长6段 原油 0.65 5.90 0.12 0.62 0.35 0.49 0.56 21.51 31.10 47.40 0.30 0.16 0.21 H238 长7段 原油 0.65 4.28 0.13 0.61 0.51 0.49 0.56 23.36 31.35 45.30 0.29 0.16 0.21 H255 长7段 原油 0.66 4.98 0.11 0.62 0.42 0.49 0.57 21.80 32.57 45.64 0.26 0.15 0.19 FX141 长7段 原油 0.66 5.13 0.05 0.57 0.48 0.46 0.55 24.54 32.06 43.40 0.24 0.22 0.31 FX134 长73亚段 黑色油页岩 0.62 4.42 0.13 0.61 0.47 0.52 0.52 31.42 32.35 36.23 0.28 0.43 0.46 长73亚段 黑色油页岩 0.63 3.41 0.12 0.59 0.42 0.57 0.55 33.99 28.80 37.21 0.24 0.42 0.43 FX120 长71亚段 暗色泥岩 0.61 4.77 0.60 0.46 0.40 0.55 35.76 32.48 31.76 0.29 0.47 0.45 长71亚段 暗色泥岩 0.57 4.57 0.12 0.62 0.46 0.49 0.30 28.64 33.54 37.82 0.26 0.40 0.39 注：A.20RC29αββ/(αββ+ααα)；B.Ts/Tm；C.伽马蜡烷指数；D.C24四环萜烷/(C24四环萜烷+C26三环萜烷)；E.C25三环萜烷/C24四环萜烷；F.C31霍烷22S/(22R+22S)；G.αααC2920S/(20S+20R)；H.重排甾烷/规则甾烷；I.孕甾烷/规则甾烷；J.孕+升孕/规则甾烷
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