排烃效率对页岩气形成与富集的影响

腾格尔; 陶成; 胡广; 申宝剑; 马中良; 潘安阳; 王杰; 王向华; 徐二社

doi:10.11781/sysydz202003325

排烃效率对页岩气形成与富集的影响

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202003325

1.
中国地质调查局油气资源调查中心, 北京 100083
2.
中国石化石油勘探开发研究院无锡石油地质研究所, 江苏无锡 214126
3.
西南石油大学, 成都 610500

基金项目:

国家科技重大专项 2017ZX05036-002

国家自然科学基金 41690133

详细信息

作者简介:
腾格尔(1967—)，男，博士，研究员，从事油气地球化学、页岩油气赋存机理研究。E-mail: tenggeer@mail.cgs.gov.cn

中图分类号: 132.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-01-20
- 修回日期: 2020-04-30
- 刊出日期: 2020-05-28

Effect of hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency on shale gas formation and enrichment

1.
Oil and Gas Survey, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100083, China
2.
Wuxi Research Institute of Petroleum Geology, SINOPEC, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214126, China
3.
Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China

摘要

摘要: 页岩气富集既需要充足气源，又受后期构造改造强度控制。气源受制于烃源品质和排烃效率，滞留烃量是页岩气生成量的必要条件。通过固体沥青识别和统计，结合氦、碳同位素分析，研究了上奥陶统五峰组-下志留统龙马溪组烃源岩在四川盆地焦石坝、彭水地区的排烃效率、原地生气量及其对页岩气富集的影响。结果表明，五峰组-龙马溪组富有机质层段在焦石坝排烃效率为23%，滞留油量为27.67 kg/t，原地生气量为21.23 m³/t；而在彭水地区的排烃效率为65%，滞留油量为11.0 kg/t，原地生气量为18.99 m³/t，显示差异化生排烃作用，这与印支运动的影响程度有关。⁴He同位素测年表明，涪陵页岩气开始被封存聚集的时间为231 Ma，处于生油高峰期初期阶段，既气源充足，又利于有机孔隙发育；而彭水页岩气封闭体系形成的起始时间为183 Ma，晚于生气高峰期，气源不足。涪陵页岩气δ¹³C₂为-35.8‰，δ¹³C₁-δ¹³C₂为4.8‰，而彭水页岩气δ¹³C₂为-33.0‰，δ¹³C₁-δ¹³C₂为3.3‰，不同的δ¹³C分馏效应归因于生烃体系状态的差异性。烃源岩埋藏生烃演化过程中生烃高峰期与关键构造变革期的匹配，最大埋藏期的滞留烃量和抬升剥蚀过程中构造改造强度，联合控制着页岩气的生成、富集和保存。
- 封闭性 /
- 稀有气体 /
- 同位素 /
- 排烃效率 /
- 页岩气 /
- 五峰组—龙马溪组 /
- 四川盆地
Abstract: Shale gas enrichment is not only controlled by sufficient gas source but also by the intensity of later structural transformation.Gas volume is related to source rock quality and hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency, and the amount of shale gas generation depends on remaining hydrocarbon.Based on the identification and statistics of solid bitumen and the analysis of helium and carbon isotopes, the hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency, the in situ gas production of the Upper Ordovician Wufeng and Lower Silurian Longmaxi shales in Jiaoshiba and Pengshui exploration areas and its influence on shale gas enrichment were investigated. The hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency, residual oil volume and in situ gas volume for Jiaoshiba were 23%, 27.67 kg/t and 21.23 m³/t, while those values for Pengshui were 65%, 11.0 kg/t, and 18.99 m³/t, respectively, indicating differential hydrocarbon generation and expulsion related to various influence of the Indosinian Movement.According to the results of ⁴He isotope dating, Fuling shale gas began to be stored and accumulated at the initial stage (231 Ma) of the oil generation peak period with sufficient gas sources, while the closed system for Pengshui shale gas was formed at the later stage (183 Ma) than the gas generation peak with insufficient gas source. The δ¹³C₂ and δ¹³C₁-δ¹³C₂ for Fuling shale gas were -35.8‰ and 4.8‰, while those values for Pengshui shale gas were -33.0‰ and 3.3‰, respectively.The different δ¹³C fractionation effects might be attributed to the distinct state of the hydrocarbon generation system. Therefore, the matching of the hydrocarbon generation peak period with the key structural transformation period in the process of hydrocarbon generation and evolution, the hydrocarbon retention amount in the maximum burial period and the structural transformation intensity in the process of uplift and denudation jointly controlled the generation, enrichment and preservation of shale gas.
- sealing property /
- noble gases /
- isotope /
- hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency /
- shale gas /
- Wufeng-Longmaxi formations /
- Sichuan Basin

HTML全文

图 1 四川盆地JY2井O₃w-S₁l岩性与地球化学综合柱状图

Figure 1. Comprehensive histogram of lithology and geochemistry of Wufeng-Longmaxi formations, well JY2, Sichuan Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 四川盆地PY1井O₃w-S₁l岩性与地球化学综合柱状图

Figure 2. Comprehensive histogram of lithology and geochemistry of Wufeng-Longmaxi formations, well PY1, Sichuan Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 四川盆地JY1井和PY1井O₃w-S₁l埋藏史、热史及页岩气封存年龄、最大埋藏处古压力

Figure 3. Burial history, thermal history, shale gas storage age and paleo-pressure at maximum burial depth, Upper Ordovician Wufeng and Lower Silurian Longmaxi formations, wells JY1 and PY1, Sichuan Basin

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图 4 黔南坳陷HY1井下寒武统页岩埋藏史、热史

Figure 4. Burial and thermal histories of Lower Cambrian shale in well HY1, West Guizhou Depression

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 四川盆地JY2和PY1井五峰组—龙马溪组不同有机显微组分的几何形状参数

Table 1. Geometrical parameters of different organic macerals in Wufeng-Longmaxi formations, wells JY2 and PY1, Sichuan Basin

显微组分类型	形状系数	非均质性/%	分形维数	角度/(°)
固体沥青	0.23~0.33	0.33~0.45	1.14~1.19	0
前油沥青	0.75~0.94	0.37~0.57	1.72~1.88	0
无定形体	0.22~0.31	0.34~0.47	1.12~1.22	32~57
藻质体	0.43~0.64	0.17~0.25	1.34~1.55	31~63

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表 2 四川盆地JY1和PY1井O₃w-S₁l页岩气稀有气体年龄计算参数与结果

Table 2. Calculation parameters and results of noble gas age of shale gas from Upper Ordovician Wufeng and Lower Silurian Longmaxi formations in wells JY1 and PY1, Sichuan Basin

井号	Th含量/10^-6	U含量/10^-6	⁴He浓度(V/V)/10^-4	游离气比例/%	总气量/(m³·t^-1)	年龄/Ma
JY1	10.4	16.2	3.05	65.7	1.97	231
PY1	10.9	17.0	8.30	31.2	1.29	183

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表 3 四川盆地涪陵、彭水和威荣页岩气组分及烷烃气碳同位素组成特征

Table 3. Components of shale gas and carbon isotopic composition in Fuling, Pengshui and Weirong, Sichuan Basin

气田	井号	组分/%				同位素/‰
气田	井号	CH₄	C₂H₆	CO₂	N₂	δ¹³C₁	δ¹³C₂	δ¹³C₁-δ¹³C₂
涪陵焦石坝气田	JY1	98.78	0.60	0.21	0.40	-30.6	-35.2	4.6
	JY2	98.73	0.58	0.29	0.38	-31.2	-35.8	4.6
	JY3	98.84	0.61	0.27	0.26	-32.3	-36.5	4.2
	JY4	98.45	0.57	0.56	0.40	-29.9	-35.6	5.7
	平均值	98.70	0.59	0.33	0.36	-31.0	-35.8	4.8
彭水地区	PY1	98.70	0.73	0.16	0.41	-30.2	-33.6	3.4
	PY2	97.86	0.99	0.39	0.77	-28.5	-32.8	4.3
	PY3	98.71	0.53	0.35	0.40	-29.7	-33.1	3.4
	PY4	98.39	0.79	0.15	0.67	-30.4	-32.4	2.0
	平均值	98.42	0.76	0.26	0.56	-29.7	-33.0	3.3
威荣气田	WY1	96.70	0.50	2.20	0.70	-35.2	-38.7	3.5
	WY23	96.00	0.60	2.60	0.80	-34.9	-37.5	2.6
	平均值	96.33	0.52	2.38	0.74	-35.1	-38.1	3.0

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