四川盆地上二叠统海陆过渡相和深水陆棚相页岩气的勘探潜力

赵培荣; 高波; 郭战峰; 魏志红

doi:10.11781/sysydz202003335

四川盆地上二叠统海陆过渡相和深水陆棚相页岩气的勘探潜力

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202003335

1.
中国石化油田勘探开发事业部, 北京 100728
2.
中国石化石油勘探开发研究院, 北京 100083
3.
中国石化江汉油田分公司, 湖北潜江 433124
4.
中国石化勘探分公司, 成都 610041

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金企业创新发展联合基金项目“海相深层油气富集机理与关键工程技术基础研究” U19B6003

详细信息

作者简介:
赵培荣(1971—)，男，博士，高级工程师，从事石油地质综合研究。E-mail：kmzpr@126.com

中图分类号: TE132.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-03-10
- 修回日期: 2020-04-25
- 刊出日期: 2020-05-28

Exploration potential of marine-continental transitional and deep-water shelf shale gas in Upper Permian, Sichuan Basin

1.
Oilfield Exploration & Development Department, SINOPEC, Beijing 100728, China
2.
SINOPEC Petroleum Exploration & Production Research Institute, Beijing 100083, China
3.
SINOPEC Jianghan Oilfield Company, Qianjiang, Hubei 433124, China
4.
SINOPEC Exploration Company, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China

摘要

摘要: 四川盆地上二叠统发育海陆过渡相和深水陆棚相两种类型富有机质页岩，其中海陆过渡相含煤页岩层系主要分布于成都-南充-广安-石柱-涪陵一线以南的龙潭组，页岩单层厚度薄，但累计厚度大，干酪根类型以Ⅲ型为主，现今处于高-过成熟阶段；页岩储集空间以黏土矿物孔、粒间孔、微裂缝为主，有机质孔不发育，页岩含气性好，但由于页岩黏土矿物含量高、脆性矿物含量较低，可压裂性较差，需要进一步攻关适应性工程工艺技术。深水陆棚相富有机质页岩主要分布于四川盆地北部广元-巴中-宣汉-云阳-石柱一带的吴家坪组和大隆组，其中吴家坪组页岩厚度20~80 m，大隆组页岩厚度10~40 m，有机碳含量普遍大于2%，有机质类型以Ⅱ₁型为主，处于高成熟-过成熟阶段；页岩储集空间以有机质孔和粒内孔为主，储集性能好，硅质矿物含量高、黏土矿物含量较低，页岩可压裂性好，是四川盆地页岩气勘探的重要领域。
- 海陆过渡相 /
- 深水陆棚相 /
- 页岩 /
- 页岩气 /
- 上二叠统 /
- 四川盆地
Abstract: Two types of organic-rich shale, i.e. marine-continental transitional shale and deep-water shelf shale, are well developed in the Upper Permian of the Sichuan Basin. The coal-bearing shale of the marine-continental transitional facies is primarily distributed in the Longtan Formation to the south of Chengdu-Nanchong-Guang'an-Shizhu-Fuling, which has thin individual layers but is cumulatively thick. It is dominated by type Ⅲ kerogen in the high-maturity to over-mature stage. The shale reservoir is primarily composed of clay-mineral-hosted pores, intergranular pores and micro fractures, with a small amount of organic porosity. However, the high clay mineral content and low brittle mineral content result in poor fracturing performance, requiring further engineering work. The organic-rich shale of the deep-water shelf facies is mainly distributed in the Wujiaping and Dalong formations along Guangyuan-Bazhong-Xuanhan-Yunyang-Shizhu in the northern part of the Sichuan Basin, where the Wujiaping and Dalong shales are 20-80 m and 10-40 m thick, respectively. These two shales are rich in organic matter with TOC contents higher than 2%, which are dominated by type Ⅱ₁ kerogen at the high-maturity to over-mature stage. The storage space is mainly contributed by organic pores and intragranular dissolution porosity with good storage performance. High siliceous mineral content and low clay mineral content give rise to good fracturing performance, indicating for a good shale gas exploration potential in the Sichuan Basin.
- marine-continental transitional facies /
- deep-water shelf facies /
- shale /
- shale gas /
- Upper Permian /
- Sichuan Basin

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图 1 四川盆地及周缘晚二叠世吴家坪期沉积相及典型井位置

Figure 1. Sedimentary facies during Late Permian Wujiaping period and typical well location in Sichuan Basin and adjacent area

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 四川盆地SY1井龙潭组页岩气综合柱状图

Figure 2. Shale gas comprehensive profile of Longtan Formation in well SY1, Sichuan Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 四川盆地SY1井和JYx井上二叠统富有机质页岩微观孔隙结构特征

Figure 3. Microscopic pore structure characteristics of Upper Permian organic-rich shales in wells SY1 and JYx, Sichuan Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 四川盆地SY1井龙潭组不同类型页岩全孔径孔体积分布

Figure 4. Pore volume distribution of different types of shale in Longtan Formation in well SY1, Sichuan Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 四川盆地JYx井上二叠统吴家坪组—中二叠统茅口组综合柱状图

Figure 5. Shale gas comprehensive profile of Upper Permian Wujiaping and Middle Permian Maokou formations in well JYx, Sichuan Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 四川盆地SY1井龙潭组各小层主要参数对比

Table 1. Comparison of different layers in Longtan Formation in well SY1, Sichuan Basin

小层	厚度/m	w(TOC)/%	含气量/(m³·t^-1)	孔隙度/%	黏土矿物/%	硅质矿物/%	碳酸盐矿物/%
①小层	4.31	0.47	0.86	2.67	87.8	2.5	1.6
②~④小层	17.63	4.25	1.81	7.37	54.3	20.5	8.6
⑤小层	6.33	2.25	0.95	3.53	40.6	35.5	13.1
⑥小层	25.96	4.30	2.73	8.41	55.2	20.1	3.3
⑦小层	9.61	1.85	0.68	3.01	29.9	34.4	24.9
⑧小层	6.83	4.34	2.08	9.74	49.5	17.3	6.1
⑨小层	17.00	1.83	0.90	2.95	30.4	15.9	46.1
注：统计过程中包括了w(TOC)≥6%的碳质页岩的数据，不包括煤夹层数据。

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表 2 四川盆地海陆过渡相与深水陆棚相页岩层系页岩气地质条件对比

Table 2. Comparison of shale gas geologic conditions between marine-continental transitional and marine deep-water continental shelf shales in Sichuan Basin

参数类型		JYx井		SY1井	东页深1井	焦页1井
参数类型		吴一段1亚段	吴二段	龙潭组	龙潭组	龙马溪组
生烃条件	沉积相	滨岸沼泽	深水陆棚	滨岸沼泽	滨岸沼泽	深水陆棚
	w(TOC)≥2%厚度/m	4.7	19.1	50.11	40~50	38
	有机质丰度/%	6.1	1.16~28.94/8.77	2.06~38.12/4.63	0.57~18.37/3.23	3.54
	有机质类型	Ⅱ₂-Ⅲ	Ⅱ₁为主	Ⅱ₂-Ⅲ	Ⅱ₂-Ⅲ	Ⅰ-Ⅱ₁
	R_o/%	2.0~2.1/2.06	2.0~2.1/2.06	1.86~2.21/2.07	1.96~2.4/2.22	2.65
储集条件	储集空间	黏土矿物孔缝、微裂缝为主	有机质孔为主, 粒内溶孔次之	黏土矿物孔缝、粒间孔、微裂缝为主	黏土矿物孔和微裂缝为主	有机质孔、粒间孔、黏土矿物孔
储集条件	孔隙度/%	3.63~6.38/4.62	3.03~9.88/5.59	2.67~9.74	1.13~9/5.53	4.81
含气性	气测全烃值/%	1.97	1.27~5.98/4.08	0.11~23.99	0.1~30	0.23~2.03
含气性	总含气量/(m³·t^-1)	1.41	0.59~6.99/3.81	4.08~6.14	0.56~8.78/2.02	0.89~5.19/2.99
可压裂性	脆性矿物含量/%	42.4	69.4	46.9	51.7	65.5
	硅质含量/%	16.1	26.3~45.6/35.9	17.3~20.5	0.3~71.9/22.1	31.0~70.6/44.4
	碳酸盐含量/%	7.5	23.7~42.0/29.9	3.3~8.6	0.2~82.0/13.9	6.0~34.5/10.0
	黏土矿物含量/%	48	10.3~24.6/16.4	49.5~55.2	6.0~90.6/48.3	16.6~49.4/34.5
注：表中数值意义为最小值~最大值/平均值。

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