准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组页岩油“甜点体”储集特征及成因机理

王然; 常秋生; 钱永新; 刘国良; 万敏; 黄立良

doi:10.11781/sysydz202004604

准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组页岩油“甜点体”储集特征及成因机理

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202004604

中国石油新疆油田分公司勘探开发研究院, 新疆克拉玛依 834000

基金项目:

国家油气重大专项 2016ZX05046-006

中国石油天然气集团有限公司科技重大专项 2017E-0402

中国石油天然气集团有限公司科技重大专项 2019E-26

详细信息

作者简介:
王然(1986-), 女, 硕士, 工程师, 从事沉积储层研究。E-mail: nature6623@163.com

中图分类号: TE122.116
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-04-03
- 修回日期: 2020-06-19
- 刊出日期: 2020-07-28

Reservoir characteristics and genesis of shale oil "sweet spots" in Lucaogou Formation, Jimsar Sag, Junggar Basin

Institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company, Karamay, Xinjiang 834000, China

摘要

摘要: 准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组页岩油层系岩性复杂，非均质性强，“甜点体”形成规律是制约地质理论研究和勘探开发的一个关键难题。通过岩心观察、薄片鉴定和含油性分析，针对“甜点体”地质特征进行了表征，分析了影响产能的地质因素，确定了可动油孔隙的形成机理。吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组“甜点体”的岩性主要为岩屑长石粉细砂岩、云屑砂岩和砂屑云岩，孔隙度为5.75%~11.9%，渗透率为（0.02~1.26）×10^-3 μm²，其中岩屑长石粉细砂岩的孔喉贡献率最大，“甜点体”的储集空间为溶蚀粒间（内）孔、裂缝；页岩油产能的大小受控于可动油孔隙的分布以及岩石组分中泥质、石英质和白云质的含量，可动油孔隙是在同生—准同生淋滤作用和酸性流体埋藏溶蚀联合作用下形成的，层理缝沟通溶孔是控制渗透率大小的关键因素。储层成岩过程中储集空间耦合生排烃作用最终形成“甜点体”，其形成的沉积环境为受波浪作用较强的云坪、混合坪、滨湖滩砂和碳酸盐岩浅滩沉积。该发现可对同成因类型页岩油的勘探和开发提供指导。
- 可动油孔隙 /
- 溶蚀 /
- 甜点体 /
- 页岩油 /
- 芦草沟组 /
- 吉木萨尔凹陷 /
- 准噶尔盆地
Abstract: The shale oil layers of the Lucaogou Formation in the Jimsar Sag of Junggar Basin have complex lithology and strong heterogeneity. The formation of "sweet spots" is a key problem restricting exploration and development. Through core observation, thin section analysis and oil-bearing capacity analysis, the geological features of the "sweet spots" were characterized, the geological factors affecting productivity were analyzed, and the formation mechanism of movable oil pores was determined. The lithology of "sweet spots" of the Lucaogou Formation in the Jimsar Sag is mainly lithic feldspar fine sandstone, dolomitic sandstone and gypsum dolomite, with a porosity of 5.75%-11.9% and a permeability of (0.02-1.26)×10^-3 μm², of which the lithic feldspar fine sandstone made the largest contribution to pore throats. Intergranular (intragranular) pores and fractures provide storage space for "sweet spots". Shale oil yield is controlled by the pore distribution for movable oil and the contents of argillaceous, quartz and dolomite. The movable oil pores are formed under the combined action of syngenetic and quasi-syngenetic leaching and acid fluid burial dissolution. The key factor to control permeability is the connection of dissolved pores by bedding cracks. In the process of reservoir diagenesis, the coupling of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion in the reservoir space will eventually form a "sweet spot", mainly in environments such as dolomitic flat, mixed flat, lakeside beach sand and carbonate shoal which are strongly influenced by waves. This discovery can provide guidance for the exploration and development of shale oil of the same genetic type.
- movable oil pores /
- dissolution /
- sweet spots /
- shale oil /
- Lucaogou Formation /
- Jimsar Sag /
- Junggar Basin

HTML全文

图 1 准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组页岩油“甜点体”孔渗分布

Figure 1. Distribution of porosity and permeability of "sweet spots" of shale oil in Lucaogou Formation, Jimsar Sag, Junggar Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组页岩油“甜点体”不同岩性孔隙度平面分布

Figure 2. Porosity of different lithologies of "sweet spots" of shale oil in Lucaogou Formation, Jimsar Sag, Junggar Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组页岩油“甜点体”孔隙半径和高压压汞毛管压力曲线

Figure 3. Pore radius and capillary pressure curves of high pressure mercury injection of "sweet spots" of shale oil in Lucaogou Formation, Jimsar Sag, Junggar Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组页岩油“甜点体”压汞毛管半径与T₂谱关系

Figure 4. Relationship between capillary radius and T₂ spectrum of "sweet spots" of shale oil in Lucaogou Formation, Jimsar Sag, Junggar Basin

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图 5 准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组页岩油“甜点体”孔隙空间特征

a.吉174井(3275.2 m)，“甜点体”上部，白云质粉砂岩，扫描电镜图像，粒间溶孔发育，孔径多小于10 μm；b.吉174井(3 152.6 m)，“甜点体”下部，白云质粉砂岩，扫描电镜图像，粒间/粒内溶孔发育，粒内溶孔较小，孔径多小于10 μm；c.吉174井(3 279.8 m)，泥晶白云岩，正交偏光，层理缝发育

Figure 5. Pore space characteristics of "sweet spots" of shale oil in Lucaogou Formation, Jimsar Sag, Junggar Basin

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图 6 准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组页岩油“甜点体”不同岩性含油饱和度平面分布

Figure 6. Oil saturation of different lithologies of "sweet spots" of shale oil in Lucaogou Formation, Jimsar Sag, Junggar Basin

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图 7 准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组页岩油可动流体孔隙度测井表征与产能关系

Figure 7. Logging characterization of movable fluid porosity and productivity of shale oil in Lucaogou Formation, Jimsar Sag, Junggar Basin

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图 8 准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组页岩油泥质含量与含油饱和度对比

Figure 8. Mud content vs. oil saturation of shale in Lucaogou Formation, Jimsar Sag, Junggar Basin

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图 9 准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组页岩石英和白云石含量与可动孔隙交会图

Figure 9. Quartz and dolomite contents vs. movable pores of shale in Lucaogou Formation, Jimsar Sag, Junggar Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组页岩溶蚀孔隙、裂缝与含油性关系

a.泥晶灰质云岩，受表生淋滤作用影响，同生、准同生云化作用形成的泥晶白云岩，沿微裂缝及其周围发生去云化作用，并发生溶蚀作用，形成少量溶蚀孔，吉23井2 320.08 m岩石薄片(-)混合液染色；b.钠长石化及钠长石充填作用，有机酸作用形成的溶蚀孔被自生钠长石半充填, 发育钠长石晶间孔，钠长石对部分泥质及粉砂具交代作用，吉174井，3 121.1 m，含泥质云质粉砂岩(+)岩石薄片；c.溶蚀孔隙发育，层理缝沟通溶孔，进一步增加裂缝强度，顺层理缝含油饱和度高

Figure 10. Dissolved pores and cracks vs. oil-bearing capacity of shale in Lucaogou Formation, Jimsar Sag, Junggar Basin

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图 11 准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组页岩生烃充注和储集空间耦合过程

Figure 11. Coupled process of hydrocarbon generation, expulsion and reservoir space of shale in Lucaogou Formation, Jimsar Sag, Junggar Basin

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表 1 准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组页岩油“甜点体”各类岩石孔隙度和渗透率统计

Table 1. Porosity and permeability of various rocks of "sweet spots" of shale oil in Lucaogou Formation, Jimsar Sag, Junggar Basin

参数	岩屑长石粉细砂岩	泥质粉砂岩	云屑砂岩	粉砂质泥岩	泥岩	云质泥岩	砂屑云岩	粉砂质云岩	泥质云岩	白云岩
平均孔隙度/%	11.90	7.36	10.08	7.18	5.75	6.42	9.67	7.35	5.89	7.89
平均渗透率/10^-3 μm²	0.51	0.04	0.12	0.06	0.06	0.02	0.42	0.60	0.09	1.26

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组页岩油“甜点体”优势岩性不同孔喉半径的孔隙贡献

Table 2. Pore contribution of different pore throat radius of dominant lithology of "sweet spots" of shale oil in Lucaogou Formation, Jimsar Sag, Junggar Basin %

岩性	不同孔喉半径孔隙的占比和对产能的贡献
	>300 nm		100~300 nm		50~100 nm		< 50 nm
	占比	贡献	占比	贡献	占比	贡献	占比	贡献
岩屑长石粉细砂岩	20	90	22	9	20	1	38	0
云屑砂岩	25	76	17	18	18	6	40	0
砂屑云岩	10	95	11	4	19	1	60	0

下载: 导出CSV

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