苏北盆地古近系阜宁组二段富有机质页岩特征与沉积环境

段宏亮; 刘世丽; 付茜

doi:10.11781/sysydz202004612

苏北盆地古近系阜宁组二段富有机质页岩特征与沉积环境

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202004612

中国石化江苏油田分公司, 江苏扬州 225009

基金项目:

中国石化科技项目 P18060-4

国家科技重大专项 2017ZX05049001-005

详细信息

作者简介:
段宏亮(1977-), 男, 高级工程师, 从事油气勘探研究。E-mail: duanhl.jsyt@sinopec.com

中图分类号: TE122.23
计量
- 文章访问数: 1111
- HTML全文浏览量: 329
- PDF下载量: 150
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-03-13
- 修回日期: 2020-05-29
- 刊出日期: 2020-07-28

Characteristics and sedimentary environment of organic-rich shale in the second member of Paleogene Funing Formation, Subei Basin

SINOPEC Jiangsu Oilfield Branch Company, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China

摘要

摘要: 苏北盆地古近系阜宁组二段（E₁f₂）发育两套富有机质页岩，分布广泛，油气显示丰富，页岩油形成条件有利。通过对大量岩心及薄片的观察，结合系统的有机地球化学、全岩X-衍射及微量元素测试资料，研究了苏北盆地E₁f₂两套富有机质页岩特征及沉积环境。苏北盆地E₁f₂两套富有机质页岩特征截然不同，其中第一页岩层（E₁f₂^页1）以深灰色块状含灰泥岩和硅质泥岩为主，微显层理；页岩有机碳含量平均介于2.21%~3.41%，有机质类型以Ⅰ型为主。第二页岩层（E₁f₂^页2）为灰黑色油页岩与纹层状含云、含灰泥岩、泥云岩、泥灰岩互层，纹层发育，有机碳含量平均介于2.02%~2.99%，有机质类型以Ⅰ型为主。苏北盆地E₁f₂沉积古气候经历了自半干热、还原、半咸水环境向干热、强还原、盐湖环境，再向温湿、氧化、淡水环境演化的过程；富有机质页岩形成于强还原、干热、咸水环境向氧化、温湿、正常淡水环境过渡的最大湖泛面附近，其中E₁f₂^页2形成于强还原、干热的咸水—盐湖环境，E₁f₂^页1形成于强还原、半潮湿—半干热的半咸水环境。沉积环境演化，造就了E₁f₂泥页岩层间及富有机质页岩内部岩性、电性及烃源岩品质的差异。
- 富有机质页岩 /
- 沉积环境 /
- 页岩油 /
- 阜宁组二段 /
- 古近系 /
- 苏北盆地
Abstract: Two sets of organic-rich shales are developed in the second member of Funing Formation (E₁f₂) in the Subei Basin, which are E₁f₂^{shale 1} and E₁f₂^{shale 2}. They are widely distributed, with rich shows and favorable shale oil conditions. Based on core and thin section observations, and combined with systematic organic geochemistry, X-ray diffraction and trace element analyses, the characteristics and sedimentary environment of the organic-rich shales were studied. The characteristics of the E₁f₂^{shale 1} and E₁f₂^{shale 2} are totally different. The E₁f₂^{shale 1} mainly consists of dark gray blocky limestones and siliceous mudstones, with slight bedding, 2.21%-3.41% organic carbon content, and type I organic matter. The E₁f₂^{shale 2} mainly consists of dark oil shales and dolomitic mudstones, calcite mudstones, muddy dolomites and muddy limestones, with laminar bedding, 2.02%-2.99% organic carbon content, and type I organic matter. The sedimentary palaeo climate of E₁f₂ has experienced semi-arid, reducing, brackish water, to dry, strongly reducing, salt lake, and to warm humid, oxic, freshwater in the Subei Basin. The organic-rich shales were formed in the transition formations near the maximum flooding surface, between strongly reducing, dry and hot, saltwater environments and oxic, humid, normal water environment. The E₁f₂^{shale 2} was formed in a strongly reducing, dry and hot, salt lake environment, while the E₁f₂^{shale 1} was deposited in a strongly reducing, damp to semi-arid and brackish water environment. Sedimentary environment evolution resulted in the differences of lithology, electrical properties, and quality of hydrocarbon source rocks, occurring in the muddy shale interlayer and internal organic-rich shale.
- organic-rich shale /
- sedimentary environment /
- shale oil /
- second member of Funing Formation /
- Paleogene /
- Subei Basin

HTML全文

图 1 苏北盆地阜宁组二段富有机质页岩油气显示井分布

Figure 1. Distribution of wells with oil and gas shows in organic-rich shales, second member of Funing Formation, Subei Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 苏北盆地E₁f₂富有机质页岩典型照片

a.HX28井E₁f₂^页1岩心照片；b.HX28井E₁f₂^页1岩心微观照片，见生物介壳，100×1；c.HX28井E₁f₂^页1，CT-扫描照片见层理；d.XYX1井E₁f₂^页2高阻纹层状云岩岩心中鸟类前肢化石；e.W1井E₁f₂^页2低阻纹层状含云泥岩岩心照片；f.W1井E₁f₂^页2低阻纹层状含云泥岩，阴极发光照片中有机质纹层与含云纹层，50×；g.HX4井E₁f₂^页2高阻纹层状云岩岩心中鱼类化石；h.W1井E₁f₂^页2高阻纹层状云岩岩心照片；i.W1井E₁f₂^页2高阻纹层状云岩薄片照片；j.W1井E₁f₂^页2高阻纹层状云岩，阴极发光照片中有机质纹层与铁白云石纹层，50×；k.HX4井E₁f₂^页2高阻纹层状云岩，CT-扫描照片见层间缝

Figure 2. Photographs of organic-rich shales in the second member of Funing Formation, Subei Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 苏北盆地阜宁组二段页岩关键参数

Table 1. Key parameters for shales in the second member of Funing Formation, Subei Basin

地层	岩性	有机地球化学参数			关键矿物含量/%			沉积环境参数
地层	岩性	w(TOC)/%	沥青“A”/%	S₁/(mg·g^-1)	铁白云石	黄铁矿	石膏	Sr/Cu		Sr/Ba		V/Cr
泥脖子	灰色块状泥岩	1.50	0.03	0.02	1.27	1.25	0.02	10.12	19.74	0.51	1.01	1.41	1.77
E₁f₂^页1	深灰色层—块状含灰泥岩	2.25	0.19	0.50	1.36	1.51	0.03	7.59	18.35	0.62	0.83	1.06	1.59
E₁f₂^页2	灰黑色油页岩与纹层状含云/含灰泥岩、泥云岩、泥灰岩	2.02	0.22	0.50	8.13	0.89	1.76	44.72	100.84	2.13	3.49	1.61	2.86
E₁f₂^页3	灰黑色层—块状云灰质泥岩夹泥灰岩	1.29	0.16	0.32	17.07	1.42	0.86	26.63	35.46	2.31	3.17	1.57	2.20
E₁f₂^页4	灰黑色层—块状含云泥岩、泥云岩	1.00	0.05	0.25	7.57	1.15	0.41	25.55		2.21		1.48
E₁f₂^页5	灰黑色层—块状云灰质泥岩、泥云岩	0.96	0.10	0.16	8.71	1.61	0.88	25.38	14.39	2.02	1.90	1.63	1.62
资料来源	高邮凹陷	高邮凹陷			高邮凹陷			高邮凹陷	金湖凹陷	高邮凹陷	金湖凹陷	高邮凹陷	金湖凹陷

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 苏北盆地E₁f₂^页2富有机质页岩特征

Table 2. Characteristics of organic-rich E₁f₂^{shale 2}, Subei Basin %

井号	井段/m	岩性	w(TOC)	石英	长石	方解石	铁白云石	黄铁矿	黏土总量	备注
HX4	2 302.55	纹层状云岩	2.95	25.8		3.1	67.3		3.8	高阻段
	2 302.62	纹层状云岩	2.73	22.3	2.5	6.9	59.3		9.0
	2 302.75	含灰页岩	3.37	29.8	6.7	21.7	0.0		41.8
	2 302.90	页岩	1.96	27.2	4.6	2.6	1.9	5.3	58.4
	2 303.00	页岩	1.72	21.1	4.4	4.3	3.0	7.3	59.9
	2 303.30	灰质页岩	1.41	16.5	2.0	45.1	11.9	6.9	16.8
	2 303.40	页岩	1.52	20.5	6.7	9.7	7.9	4.1	51.5	低阻段
	2 303.90	含云含灰页岩	4.24	16.8	4.2	20.1	15.9	4.1	38.9
	2 304.20	页岩	2.53	20.8	12.8	3.7	11.1		51.6
	2 304.60	页岩	2.29	18.1	6.0	2.2	12.8	6.2	54.7
	2 304.80	含云页岩	2.36	14.2	6.5	7.0	21.3		52	高阻段
	2 305.65	含云页岩	3.03	20.7	7.9	7.8	18.9		44.7
	2 306.10	纹层状云岩	2.82	10.8	1.0	4.0	58.3		25.9
	2 306.50	页岩	3.79	26.1	11.9	0.0	10.5		51.5	低阻段
	2 306.70	含云页岩	1.99	21.1	7.7	0.0	20.3		50.9
	2 307.95	含云页岩	1.41	16.2	4.6	6.8	19.8		52.6
	2 308.90	灰质页岩	3.72	30.2	5.7	27.3	6.3		30.3	高阻段
W1	1 709.56	纹层状云岩	3.25	13.5	3.8	0.4	41.5	0.5	37.9	暗色纹层
W1	1 709.56	纹层状云岩	1.43	14.9	2.1		56.7	4.4	20.5	浅色纹层
XYX1	1 690.78	纹层状云岩	1.74	7.7			79.2		13.1	浅灰绿色纹层
	1 690.78	纹层状云岩	4.26	12.0	1.2	1.4	73.8		11.6	浅灰白色纹层
	1 690.78	纹层状云岩	7.41	24.6	13.9	3.4	25.1		29.6	黑色纹层

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 苏北盆地E₁f₂富有机质页岩沉积环境参数

Table 3. Sedimentary environment parameters of organic-rich shales in the second member of Funing Formation, Subei Basin

层位	地区	古氧化还原环境		古气候Sr/Cu	古盐度					古水深Sr/Ca
层位	地区	V/Cr	V/(V+Ni)	古气候Sr/Cu	盐度/‰	Sr/Ba	Sr/(μg·g^-1)	B/(μg·g^-1)	B/Ga	古水深Sr/Ca
E₁f₂^页1	金湖	1.59	0.68	18.35	15.58	0.83	376.90	84.15	4.17	65.22
	高邮	1.06	0.63	7.59	30.26	0.62	381.00	107.00	5.61	48.79
		强还原	强还原	半潮湿—半干燥	半咸水—咸水	半咸水	半咸水	咸水—盐湖	咸水—盐湖	相对较深
E₁f₂^页2	金湖	2.86	0.83	100.84	30.72	3.49	567.00	78.00	4.76	48.39
	高邮	1.61	0.67	44.72		2.13		65.64	2.64
		强还原	强还原	干燥	咸水	咸水—盐湖	咸水	咸水	咸水—盐湖	相对较浅
	高阻段(金湖)	1.39	0.71	23.89	24.01	1.16	741.00	36.20	2.49	38.27
		1.48	0.67	11.85	55.30	1.11	576.60	106.10	7.70	35.37
		强还原	强还原	干燥	咸水—盐水	咸水—盐湖	咸水	盐水	咸水—盐水	相对较浅
	低阻段(金湖)	1.92	0.75	12.80	12.85	0.59	383.80	91.50	3.95	83.18
	低阻段(金湖)	强还原	强还原	干燥	半咸水	淡水	半咸水	咸水	咸水	相对较深

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(18)

[1]	邹才能, 赵贤正, 杜金虎, 等. 页岩油地质评价方法: GB/T 38718-2020[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2020. ZOU Caineng, ZHAO Xianzheng, DU Jinhu, et al. Geological evaluating methods for shale oil: GB/T 38718-2020[S]. Beijing: China Standard Press, 2020.
[2]	BOWKER K A. Barnett shale gas production, Fort Worth Basin: issues and discussion[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2007, 91(4): 523-533. doi: 10.1306/06190606018
[3]	SUTTON R P, COX S A, BARREE R D. Shale gas plays: a performance perspective[C]//Tight Gas Completions Conference. San Antonio, Texas, USA: SPE, 2010.
[4]	王志刚. 涪陵页岩气勘探开发重大突破与启示[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2015, 36(1): 1-6. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT201501002.htm WANG Zhigang. Breakthrough of Fuling shale gas exploration and development and its inspiration[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2015, 36(1): 1-6. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT201501002.htm
[5]	杨华, 牛小兵, 徐黎明, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系长7段页岩油勘探潜力[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2016, 43(4): 511-520. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SKYK201604003.htm YANG Hua, NIU Xiaobing, XU Liming, et al. Exploration potential of shale oil in Chang 7 Member, Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin, NW China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2016, 43(4): 511-520. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SKYK201604003.htm
[6]	孙焕泉. 济阳坳陷页岩油勘探实践与认识[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2017, 22(4): 1-14. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KTSY201704001.htm SUN Huanquan. Exploration practice and cognitions of shale oil in Jiyang Depression[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2017, 22(4): 1-14. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KTSY201704001.htm
[7]	谢军. 长宁-威远国家级页岩气示范区建设实践与成效[J]. 天然气工业, 2018, 38(2): 1-7. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TRQG201802001.htm XIE Jun. Practices and achievements of the Changning-Weiyuan shale gas national demonstration project construction[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2018, 38(2): 1-7. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TRQG201802001.htm
[8]	赵贤正, 周立宏, 蒲秀刚, 等. 陆相湖盆页岩层系基本地质特征与页岩油勘探突破: 以渤海湾盆地沧东凹陷古近系孔店组二段一亚段为例[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2018, 45(3): 361-372. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SKYK202205010.htm ZHAO Xianzheng, ZHOU Lihong, PU Xiugang, et al. Geological characteristics of shale rock system and shale oil exploration in a lacustrine basin: a case study from the Paleogene 1st sub-member of Kong 2 Member in Cangdong Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2018, 45(3): 361-372. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SKYK202205010.htm
[9]	段宏亮, 何禹斌. 高邮凹陷阜四段页岩可压裂性分析[J]. 复杂油气藏, 2014, 7(1): 1-3. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-FZYQ201401001.htm DUAN Hongliang, HE Yubin. Analysis on fracability of E₁f₄ shale in Gaoyou Sag[J]. Complex Hydrocarbon Reservoirs, 2014, 7(1): 1-3. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-FZYQ201401001.htm
[10]	刘世丽, 段宏亮, 章亚, 等. 苏北盆地阜二段陆相页岩油气勘探潜力分析[J]. 海洋石油, 2014, 34(3): 27-33. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HYSY201403007.htm LIU Shili, DUAN Hongliang, ZHANG Ya, et al. Analysis of oil and gas exploration potential in F2 member continental shale of Subei Basin[J]. Offshore Oil, 2014, 34(3): 27-33. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-HYSY201403007.htm
[11]	王红伟, 段宏亮. 盐城凹陷阜二段页岩油形成条件及富集规律研究[J]. 复杂油气藏, 2016, 9(3): 14-18. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-FZYQ201603004.htm WANG Hongwei, DUAN Hongliang. Formation condition and enrichment rule of shale oil in the second member of Funing Formation in Yancheng Sag[J]. Complex Hydrocarbon Reservoirs, 2016, 9(3): 14-18. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-FZYQ201603004.htm
[12]	邱旭明, 刘玉瑞, 傅强. 苏北盆地上白垩统-第三系层序地层与沉积演化[M]. 北京: 地质出版社, 2006. QIU Xuming, LIU Yurui, FU Qiang. Stratigraphic sequence and sendimentary evolution of Tertiary and Upper Cretaceous in Subei Basin[M]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 2006.
[13]	刘玉瑞. 苏北后生-同生断陷盆地油气成藏规律研究[J]. 石油实验地质, 2016, 38(6): 721-731. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201606721 LIU Yurui. Petroleum accumulation rules in hysterogenetic reconstructive-syngenetic rift basins, North Jiangsu Basin[J]. Petroleum Geo-logy & Experiment, 2016, 38(6): 721-731. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201606721
[14]	苏浙皖闽油气区石油地质志编写组. 中国石油地质志(卷八): 苏浙皖闽油气区[M]. 北京: 石油工业出版社, 1992: 215. Compilation Group of Petroleum Geology in Jiangsu Zhejiang Anhui Fujian Oil and Gas Area. Petroleum geology of China (Vol. 8)[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 1992: 215.
[15]	林俊峰, 郝芳, 胡海燕, 等. 廊固凹陷沙河街组烃源岩沉积环境与控制因素[J]. 石油学报, 2015, 36(2): 163-173. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYXB201502004.htm LIN Junfeng, HAO Fang, HU Haiyan, et al. Depositional environment and controlling factors of source rock in the Shahejie Formation of Langgu Sag[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2015, 36(2): 163-173. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYXB201502004.htm
[16]	王冠民, 任拥军, 钟建华, 等. 济阳坳陷古近系黑色页岩中纹层状方解石脉的成因探讨[J]. 地质学报, 2005, 79(6): 834-838. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZXE200506023.htm WANG Guanmin, REN Yongjun, ZHONG Jianhua, et al. Genetic analysis on lamellar calcite veins in Paleogene black shale of the Jiyang Depression[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2005, 79(6): 834-838. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZXE200506023.htm
[17]	腾格尔, 刘文汇, 徐永昌, 等. 无机地球化学参数与有效烃源岩发育环境的相关研究[J]. 地球科学进展, 2005, 20(2): 193-200. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DXJZ200502008.htm TENGER, LIU Wenhui, XU Yongchang, et al. Correlative study on parameters of inorganic geochemistry and hydrocarbon source rocks formative environment[J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2005, 20(2): 193-200. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DXJZ200502008.htm
[18]	胡玮, 卢宗盛, 喻鹏. 陆相盆地古生产力研究现状[J]. 地质科技情报, 2010, 29(6): 15-20. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZKQ201006003.htm HU Wei, LU Zongsheng, YU Peng. Current status of paleoproductivity research in continental basins[J]. Geological Science and Technology Information, 2010, 29(6): 15-20. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZKQ201006003.htm