银额盆地形成演化及油气勘探展望

张洪安; 李继东; 王学军; 史大海; 陈清棠; 范晓丽; 司敏娜; 赵强

doi:10.11781/sysydz202005780

银额盆地形成演化及油气勘探展望

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202005780

1.
中国石化中原油田分公司, 河南濮阳 457001
2.
中国石化中原油田分公司勘探开发研究院, 河南濮阳 457001

基金项目:

中国石化重点攻关项目“银额盆地拐子湖地区油气成藏主控因素与有利目标评价” P19022-1

详细信息

作者简介:
张洪安(1965-), 男, 教授级高级工程师, 从事石油地质综合研究。E-mail: zhangha.zyyt@sinopec.com

通讯作者:
史大海(1982-), 男, 高级工程师, 从事石油地质综合研究。E-mail: 99438573@qq.com

中图分类号: TE121.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-07-01
- 修回日期: 2020-08-10
- 刊出日期: 2020-09-28

Formation and evolution of Yin'gen-E'ji'naqi Basin and prospects for oil and gas exploration

1.
SINOPEC Zhongyuan Oil Field Branch Company, Puyang, Henan 457001, China
2.
Exploration and Development Research Institute, SINOPEC Zhongyuan Oil Field Company, Puyang, Henan 457001, China

摘要

摘要: 银额盆地位于内蒙古自治区中西部，面积约12.3×10⁴ km²，是中国北方勘探程度较低的陆相断陷盆地。由于受地表、地下双复杂条件影响，早期仅在盆地周边的查干、天草、哈日等凹陷开展了地质特征研究，证实各凹陷具备油气成藏条件，但整体勘探潜力较低。近年来，在前人研究基础上，结合多期野外地质调查、地震、钻井等资料，对盆地的形成演化和资源潜力进行了重新评价，提出银额盆地基底形成于二叠纪末期—三叠纪早期，岩性主要为增生—碰撞混杂岩，普遍发生了中—浅变质；中生代以来，受燕山运动、喜马拉雅运动影响，历经6期构造演化，具有残留、改造盆地特征。残留的下白垩统巴音戈壁组主要分布于盆地中北部，是主要生烃、成藏层系，评价盆地石油地质资源量约为13.64×10⁸ t。受晚期强烈改造因素影响，保存条件是油气成藏的关键因素，盆地北部的构造活动相对较弱，洼陷区内存留巴音戈壁组有效烃源岩，是超压油气藏的发育区，成为下步勘探的重点领域。
- 基底演化 /
- 构造演化 /
- 中生代 /
- 油气成藏特征 /
- 油气勘探潜力 /
- 银额盆地
Abstract: The Yin'gen-E'ji'naqi Basin is located in the central and western part of the Inner Mongolia autonomous region, with an area of about 123×10³ km². It is a continental rift basin with a low exploration degree in North China. Due to the influence of complex surface and underground conditions, only the geological characteristics of the Chagan, Tiancao, Hari and other sags around the basin were studied during the early stage, which proved that each sag had the conditions for oil and gas accumulation, but the overall exploration potential was low. In recent years, on the basis of previous studies and combined with more field geology surveys, seismic and drilling data, the formation and evolution of the basin and the resource potential were re-evaluated. The Yin'gen-E'ji'naqi Basin basement was formed from the end of Permian to the Early Triassic, mainly composed of accretion-collision mélange, with moderate-shallow metamorphism generally occurring. Since the Mesozoic, affected by the Yanshanian and Himalayan movements, the basin has undergone six stages of structural evolution, with the characteristics of residual and reformed basins. The remaining Lower Cretaceous Bayin Gobi Formation is mainly distributed in the central and northern part of the basin, and is the main hydrocarbon generation and reservoir system. The total resources of the basin are estimated to be about 1.364 billion tons. Under the influence of strong late transformations, preservation conditions are the key factors for hydrocarbon accumulation. The tectonic activities in the northern part of the basin are relatively weak, and the effective source rocks in Bayin Gobi Formation remain in the depression area, which is the development area of overpressure oil and gas reservoirs and has become the key area for further exploration.
- basement evolution /
- tectonic evolution /
- Mesozoic /
- hydrocarbon accumulation features /
- oil and gas prospect /
- Yin'gen-E'ji'naqi Basin

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图 1 银额盆地构造单元划分

Figure 1. Tectonic units in Yin'gen-E'ji'naqi Basin

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图 2 银额盆地西屏山剖面上泥盆统西屏山组灰色、浅灰色白云质大理岩

Figure 2. Gray and light gray dolomitic marbles in Upper Devonian Xipingshan Formation along Xipingshan section, Yin'gen-E'ji'naqi Basin

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图 3 银额盆地东部基底演化模式

Figure 3. Basement evolution model of eastern Yin'gen-E'ji'naqi Basin

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图 4 银额盆地地表露头挤压走滑构造变形

Figure 4. Compression and strike slip deformations of outcrops in Yin'gen-E'ji'naqi Basin

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图 5 银额盆地早—中侏罗世岩相古地理

Figure 5. Lithofacies-paleogeographic map of Yin'gen-E'ji'naqi Basin during Early-Middle Jurassic

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图 6 银额盆地早白垩世早期岩相古地理

Figure 6. Lithofacies-paleogeographic map of Yin'gen-E'ji'naqi Basin during Early Cretaceous

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 银额盆地拐子湖凹陷白垩系巴音戈壁组与苏红图组削截不整合接触

Figure 7. Unconformities between Cretaceous Bayin Gobi and Suhongtu formations in Guaizihu Sag, Yin'gen-E'ji'naqi Basin

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图 8 银额盆地查干凹陷白垩系苏红图组与银根组削截不整合接触

Figure 8. Unconformities between Cretaceous Suhongtu and Yin'gen formations in Chagan Sag, Yin'gen-E'ji'naqi Basin

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图 9 银额盆地晚白垩世岩相古地理

Figure 9. Lithofacies-paleogeographic map of Yin'gen-E'ji'naqi Basin during Late Cretaceous

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图 10 银额盆地构造演化模式

Figure 10. Structural evolution pattern of Yin'gen-E'ji'naqi Basin

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图 11 银额盆地不同层系储层特征

Figure 11. Reservoir characteristics of different strata in Yin'gen-E'ji'naqi Basin

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图 12 银额盆地天草凹陷、拐子湖凹陷、查干凹陷油气成藏模式

Figure 12. Hydrocarbon accumulation pattern in Tiancao, Guaizihu and Chagan sags, Yin'gen-E'ji'naqi Basin

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表 1 银额盆地露头、钻井烃源岩综合评价

Table 1. Comprehensive evaluation of outcrops and drilling source rocks in Yin'gen-E'ji'naqi Basin

层位	地区/钻井	岩性	w(TOC)/% 平均值(样品数)	类型	R_o/% 平均值(样品数)
巴音戈壁组	巴隆乌拉	黑色页岩	2.73(10)	Ⅱ₁-Ⅱ₂	0.58(7)
	额勒斯台	深灰色泥岩、页岩	0.89(4)	Ⅲ	0.73(4)
	楚鲁庙东	深灰色泥岩	0.85(4)	Ⅱ₁-Ⅱ₂	0.51(4)
	拐子湖拐参1	深灰色泥岩、页岩	0.81(61)	Ⅰ-Ⅱ₁	1.15(20)
侏罗系	西营磐	灰色泥岩	0.32(4)	Ⅲ	0.55(4)
	西营磐	碳质泥岩	13.55(6)	Ⅲ	0.55(4)
	西营磐	煤	57.08(2)	Ⅲ	0.55(4)
	敖西南拐2	碳质泥岩	5.67(8)	Ⅲ	1.53(11)
	敖西南拐2	煤	58.12(2)	Ⅲ	1.53(11)
二叠系	霍东哈尔	灰黑色泥岩	0.88(25)	Ⅱ₁-Ⅰ	3.16(2)
	雅干478	灰黑色泥岩	0.59(40)	Ⅱ₁-Ⅱ₂	5.15(2)
	埋汗哈达	灰黑色泥岩	0.92(24)	Ⅱ₂-Ⅲ	2.05(2)

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