高含量氢气赋存的地质背景及勘探前景

孟庆强; 金之钧; 孙冬胜; 刘全有; 朱东亚; 刘佳宜; 黄晓伟; 王璐

doi:10.11781/sysydz202102208

高含量氢气赋存的地质背景及勘探前景

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202102208

孟庆强^{1, 2,},
金之钧^{1, 2, 3},
孙冬胜^{1, 2},
刘全有^{1, 2},
朱东亚^{1, 2},
刘佳宜^{1, 2},
黄晓伟⁴,
王璐³

1.
页岩油气富集机理与有效开发国家重点实验室, 北京 100083
2.
中国石化石油勘探开发研究院, 北京 100083
3.
北京大学能源学院, 北京 100871
4.
中国地质大学(北京), 北京 100083

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划项目 2017YFC0603102

国家自然科学基金项目 41872164

国家自然科学基金项目 41102075

国家自然科学基金项目 41541019

详细信息

作者简介:
孟庆强(1978—), 男, 博士, 高级工程师, 从事油气地球化学与氢能研究。E-mail: mengqq.syky@sinopec.com

中图分类号: TE02
计量
- 文章访问数: 1510
- HTML全文浏览量: 531
- PDF下载量: 335
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-08-16
- 修回日期: 2021-02-09
- 刊出日期: 2021-03-28

Geological background and exploration prospects for the occurrence of high-content hydrogen

MENG Qingqiang^{1, 2
,},
JIN Zhijun^{1, 2, 3},
SUN Dongsheng^{1, 2},
LIU Quanyou^{1, 2},
ZHU Dongya^{1, 2},
LIU Jiayi^{1, 2},
HUANG Xiaowei⁴,
WANG Lu³

1.
State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Development, Beijing 100083, China
2.
SINOPEC Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute, Beijing 100083, China
3.
Department of Energy, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
4.
China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China

摘要

摘要: 氢气作为一种可燃气体，是一种重要的清洁能源。随着过度依赖化石能源带来的环境问题日益加剧，从自然界中获得氢气的研究得到了越来越多的重视。但是，地质条件下能否形成高含量氢气，它们的成因及分布规律如何，目前研究较少。针对上述问题，通过对比不同地质条件下氢气的形成及富集规律，发现在裂谷系统以及板块俯冲带前缘均可能发育高含量氢气气藏。通过进一步总结氢气在不同大地构造位置的分布特征，认为控制我国含油气盆地分布的板块碰撞带和俯冲带及其周缘，具备高含量氢气发育的地质条件，而且，这些构造位置上发育的含油气盆地具备较好的天然气保存条件，有利于高含量氢气的保存。
- 高含量氢气 /
- 发育条件 /
- 勘探方向 /
- 板块碰撞带 /
- 板块俯冲带
Abstract: Gas of hydrogen is combustible and has been regarded as one of the important form of clean energy. With the increasing environmental concerns caused by the continues and high dependence on fossil fuels, more attention is being paid to the research on hydrogen exploration. However, only limited understanding about the geological, genetic as well as distribution characteristics of hydrogen gas has been addressed. In this paper, the formation and enrichment mechanisms of hydrogen gas under different geological conditions were compared, results showed that reservoirs of high-content hydrogen gas may develop in rift system and the front edge of plate subduction zone. By further summarizing the distribution of hydrogen gas in different tectonic members, it is concluded that the plate collision zone and subduction zone and their peripheries controlling the distribution of the development of high-content hydrogen gas and thus the petroliferous basins developed in these tectonic positions have good natural gas preservation conditions, hence are promising for the preservation of high-content hydrogen gas.
- high-content hydrogen gas /
- formation condition /
- exploration trend /
- plate collision zone /
- subduction zone

HTML全文

图 1 中国工业氢气需求量与产量变化

修改自文献[5]。

Figure 1. China's industrial hydrogen demand and production trends

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 人工制氢原料来源分布与对比

数据来自文献[6]。

Figure 2. Distribution and comparison of sources of raw materials for artificial hydrogen production

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 北美Kansas盆地富氢气井构造地质及剖面

修改自文献[38]。

Figure 3. Geological map and profile of hydrogen-rich wells in Kansas Basin, North America

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 北美Kansas盆地富氢气藏形成过程示意

修改自文献[39]。

Figure 4. Accumulation process of hydrogen gas pools in Kansas Basin, North America

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 板块俯冲带分布的气藏类型及其划分标准

图中为摩尔分数，修改自文献[44]。

Figure 5. Types of gas reservoirs distributed in plate subduction zones and relative classification criteria

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 板块俯冲带不同位置气藏成因机理示意

修改自文献[44]。

Figure 6. Genetic mechanism of gas reservoirs at different locations in plate subduction zones

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 板块俯冲带不同位置气藏类型分布示意

修改自文献[44]。

Figure 7. Distribution mode of various types of gas reservoirs at different locations in a plate subduction zone

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 北美Kansas盆地Scott和Heins富氢天然气井中气体组分分析

Table 1. Gas components of hydrogen-rich natural gas wells of Scott and Heins in Kansas Basin, North America

井号	取样日期	数据来源	摩尔分数/%
井号	取样日期	数据来源	He	H₂	O₂	N₂	CO₂	CH₄	Ar	∑C_1-5
Scott	1982-08-12	文献[36]	-	36.62	1.88	61.03	-	-	-	0.47
Scott	1982-08-26	文献[36]	-	23.27	10.61	66.08	-	-	-	0.04
Scott	1982-08-26	文献[36]	-	40.65	1.78	57.51	-	-	-	0.06
Scott	1982-09-20	文献[36]	痕量	44.61	21.36	33.72	0.31	-	痕量	-
Scott	1982-09-20	文献[36]	-	57.20	-	41.88	0.92	-	痕量	-
Scott	1983-08-27	文献[36]	-	33.80	1.01	65.19	-	-	-	-
Scott	1983-08-27	文献[36]	<0.10	39.40	0.50	60.10	-	-	-	-
Scott	1984-06-10	文献[36]	-	1.42	0.01	97.45	-	-	1.12	-
Scott	1985-07-14	文献[36]	-	4.50	1.00	92.88	0.50	-	1.10	0.01
Scott	2008-07-08	文献[36]	0.08	17.32	-	71.36	0.02	5.39	-	5.91
Heins	1983-09-07	文献[44]	0.82	22.08	7.85	69.25	-	0.82	-	0.82
Heins	1983-09-07	文献[36]	0.75	33.86	3.60	61.81	-	0.74	-	0.74
Heins	1984-06-12	文献[38]	-	31.21	1.48	67.28	0.03	-	-	-
Heins	1985-06-14	文献[38]	0.06	35.03	4.49	59.38	0.30	0.10	0.70	0.10
Heins	2008-07-08	文献[44]	0.14	16.44	-	19.73	0.09	31.65	-	32.09
Heins	2012-03-12	文献[39]	-	25.06	0.46	59.95	0.01	7.24		7.28
注：本表对原始文献中的数据进行了归一化处理。

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(50)

[1]	罗佐县, 曹勇. 氢能产业发展前景及其在中国的发展路径研究[J]. 中外能源, 2020, 25(2): 9-15. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYZW202002003.htm LUO Zuoxian, CAO Yong. Development prospect of hydrogen energy industry and its development path in China[J]. Sino-Global Energy, 2020, 25(2): 9-15. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYZW202002003.htm
[2]	Hydrogen Council. Hydrogen scaling up: a sustainable pathway for the global energy transition[EB/OL]. (2017-11-13). http://hydrogencouncil.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Hydrogen-Scaling-up_Hydrogen-Council_2017.compressed.pdf.
[3]	孟庆强, 金之钧, 刘文汇, 等. 天然气中伴生氢气的资源意义及其分布[J]. 石油实验地质, 2014, 36(6): 712-717. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201406712 MENG Qingqiang, JIN Zhijun, LIU Wenhui, et al. Distribution and genesis of hydrogen gas in natural gas[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2014, 36(6): 712-717. doi: 10.11781/sysydz201406712
[4]	MENG Qingqiang, SUN Yuhua, TONG Jianyu, et al. Distribution and geochemical characteristics of hydrogen in natural gas from the Jiyang Depression, Eastern China[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica (English Edition), 2015, 89(5): 1616-1624. doi: 10.1111/1755-6724.12568
[5]	邹才能, 张福东, 郑德温, 等. 人工制氢及氢工业在我国"能源自主"中的战略地位[J]. 天然气工业, 2019, 39(1): 1-10. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TRQG201901001.htm ZOU Caineng, ZHANG Fudong, ZHENG Dewen, et al. Strategic role of the synthetic hydrogen production and industry in Energy Independence of China[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2019, 39(1): 1-10. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TRQG201901001.htm
[6]	符冠云. 氢能在我国能源转型中的地位和作用[J]. 中国煤炭, 2019, 45(10): 15-21. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGME201910004.htm FU Guanyun. The status and role of hydrogen energy in China's energy transformation[J]. China Coal, 2019, 45(10): 15-21. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGME201910004.htm
[7]	PETERSEN H C. Does natural hydrogen exist?[J]. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 1990, 15(1): 55. doi: 10.1016/0360-3199(90)90130-Q
[8]	WOOLNOUGH W G. Natural gas in Australia and new guinea[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1934, 18(2): 226-242.
[9]	BOHDANOWIC C. Natural gas occurrences in Russia (U.S.S.R. )[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1934, 18(6): 746-759.
[10]	MEINCKE W. Zur herkunft des wasserstoffs in tiefenproben[J]. Zeitschrift fur Angewandte Geologie, 1967, 13(7): 346-347.
[11]	NEWCOMBE R B. Natural gas fields of Michigan[C]//LEY H A. Geology of Natural Gas. Tulsa: AAPG, 1935: 787-812.
[12]	NEWELL K D, DOVETON J H, MERRIAM D F, et al. H₂-rich and hydrocarbon gas recovered in a deep Precambrian well in northeastern Kansas[J]. Natural Resources Research, 2007, 16(3): 277-292. doi: 10.1007/s11053-007-9052-7
[13]	郭占谦. 从全球油气田分布看我国东南沿海火山岩覆盖区的含油气前景[J]. 石油实验地质, 2001, 23(2): 122-132. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200102122 GUO Zhanqian. Hydrocarbon-bearing prospects of volcanic rock covered regions in the southeastern coastal waters of China judged by the distribution of global oil and gas fields[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2001, 23(2): 122-132. doi: 10.11781/sysydz200102122
[14]	HAWKES H E. Geothermal hydrogen[J]. Mining Engineering, 1980, 1(6): 671-675.
[15]	THAYER T P. Serpentinization considered as a constant-volume metasomatic process[J]. American Mineralogist, 1966, 51(5/6): 685-710.
[16]	ABRAJANO T A, STURCHIO N C, BOHLKE J K, et al. Methane-hydrogen gas seeps, Zambales ophiolite, Philippines: deep or shallow origin?[J]. Chemical Geology, 1988, 71(1/3): 211-222.
[17]	NEAL C, STANGER G. Hydrogen generation from mantle source rocks in Oman[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 1983, 66: 315-320.
[18]	SANO Y, URABE A, WAKITA H, et al. Origin of hydrogen-nitrogen gas seeps, Oman[J]. Applied Geochemistry, 1993, 8(1): 1-8.
[19]	LYON G L, HULSTON J R. Carbon and hydrogen isotopic compositions of New Zealand geothermal gases[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 1984, 48(6): 1161-1171.
[20]	JEFFREY A W A, KAPLAN I R. Hydrocarbons and inorganic gases in the Gravberg-1 well, Siljan Ring, Sweden[J]. Chemical Geology, 1988, 71(1/3): 237-255.
[21]	戴金星. 云南省腾冲县硫磺塘天然气的碳同位素组成特征和成因[J]. 科学通报, 1988, 33(15): 1168-1170. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KXTB198815014.htm DAI Jinxing. Composition characteristics and origin of carbon isotope of Liuhuangtang natural gas in Tengchong county, Yunnan province[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 1989, 34(12): 1027-1030. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KXTB198815014.htm
[22]	戴金星, 戴春森, 宋岩, 等. 中国一些地区温泉中天然气的地球化学特征及碳、氦同位素组成[J]. 中国科学(B辑), 1994, 24(4): 426-433. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JBXK199404013.htm DAI Jinxing, DAI Chunsen, SONG Yan, et al. Geochemical characters, carbon and helium isotopic compositions of natural gas from hot springs of some areas in China[J]. Science in China (Series B), 1994, 37(6): 758-768. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JBXK199404013.htm
[23]	王先彬, 徐胜, 陈践发, 等. 腾冲火山区温泉气体组分和氦同位素组成特征[J]. 科学通报, 1993, 38(9): 814-817. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KXTB199309014.htm WANG Xianbin, XU Sheng, CHEN Jianfa, et al. Composition and helium isotopic characters of natural gas in Tengchong volcanic hot spring[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 1993, 38(9): 814-817. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KXTB199309014.htm
[24]	上官志冠, 白春华, 孙明良. 腾冲热海地区现代幔源岩浆气体释放特征[J]. 中国科学(D辑), 2000, 30(4): 407-414. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JDXK200004009.htm SHANGGUAN Zhiguan, BAI Chunhua, SUN Mingliang. Mantle-derived magmatic gas releasing features at the Rehai area, Tengchong county, Yunnan province, China[J]. Science in China (Series D: Earth Sciences), 2000, 43(4): 132-140. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JDXK200004009.htm
[25]	上官志冠, 霍卫国. 腾冲热海地热区逸出H₂的δD值及其成因[J]. 科学通报, 2001, 46(15): 1316-1320. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KXTB200115020.htm SHANGGUAN Zhiguan, HUO Weiguo. δD values of escaped H₂ from hot springs at the Tengchong Rehai geothermal area and its origin[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2002, 47(2): 148. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KXTB200115020.htm
[26]	SHANGGUAN Zhiguan, HUO Weiguo. δD values of escaped H₂ from hot springs at the Tengchong Rehai geothermal area and its origin[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2002, 47(2): 146-149.
[27]	高清武. 长白山天池火山水热活动及气体释放特征[J]. 地球学报, 2004, 25(3): 345-350. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQXB200403012.htm GAO Qingwu. Volcanic hydrothermal activities and gas-releasing characteristics of the Tianchi Lake region, Changbai mountains[J]. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 2004, 25(3): 345-350. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQXB200403012.htm
[28]	高清武, 李霓. 腾冲和五大连池火山区流体地球化学特征及成因探讨[J]. 地质论评, 1999, 45(4): 345-351. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZLP199904002.htm GAO Qingwu, LI Ni. A discussion on fluid geochemistry and origin of the Tengchong and Wudalianchi volcanic areas[J]. Geological Review, 1999, 45(4): 345-351. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZLP199904002.htm
[29]	杨晓勇, 刘德良, 陶士振. 中国东部典型地幔岩中包裹体成分研究及意义[J]. 石油学报, 1999, 20(1): 19-23. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYXB901.003.htm YANG Xiaoyong, LIU Deliang, TAO Shizhen. Compositions and implications of inclusions in the typical mantle rocks from East China[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 1999, 20(1): 19-23. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYXB901.003.htm
[30]	张铭杰, 王先彬, 李立武, 等. 幔源矿物中H₂赋存状态的初步研究[J]. 地质学报, 2002, 76(1): 39-44. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZXE200201005.htm ZHANG Mingjie, WANG Xianbin, LI Liwu, et al. Mode of occurrence of H₂ in mantle-derived minerals[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2002, 76(1): 39-44. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZXE200201005.htm
[31]	ZHANG Mingjie, HU P Q, WANG Xianbin, et al. The fluid compositions of lherzolite xenoliths in Eastern China and Western American[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 2005, 69: 146.
[32]	陶明信, 徐永昌, 史宝光, 等. 中国不同类型断裂带的地幔脱气与深部地质构造特征[J]. 中国科学(D辑地球科学), 2005, 35(5): 441-451. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JDXK200505007.htm TAO Mingxin, XU Yongchang, SHI Baoguang, et al. Mantle degassing and deep structure characters of different kinds of fracture, China[J]. Science in China(Series D Earth Sciences), 2005, 35(5): 441-451. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JDXK200505007.htm
[33]	胡沛青. 中国东部上地幔不同类型流体组成及其性质[D]. 兰州: 兰州大学, 2006. HU Peiqing. The chemical and isotopic compositions and their origin of upper mantle volatiles in Eastern China[D]. Lanzhou: Lanzhou University, 2006.
[34]	曹学伟, 胡文瑄, 金之钧, 等. 临盘油田夏38井区辉绿岩热效应对成烃作用的影响[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2005, 26(3): 317-322. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT200503011.htm CAO Xuewei, HU Wenxuan, JIN Zhijun, et al. Influences of thermal effect of diabase intrusion on hydrocarbon generation in Xia 38 wellblock, Linpan oilfield[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2005, 26(3): 317-322. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT200503011.htm
[35]	GOEBEL E D, COVENEY JR R M, ANGINO E E, et al. Naturally occurring hydrogen gas from a borehole on the western flank of Nemaha anticline in Kansas: abstract[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1983, 67(8): 1324.
[36]	GOEBEL E, COVENEY R, ANGINO E, et al. Geology, composition, isotopes of naturally occurring H₂/N₂ rich gas from wells near Junction City, Kansas[J]. Oil & Gas Journal, 1984, 82(19): 215-222.
[37]	ANGINO E E, COVENEY R M. Hydrogen and nitrogen-origin, distribution, and abundance[J]. Oil & Gas Journal, 1984, 82(3): 142-146.
[38]	COVENEY JR R M, GOEBEL E D, ZELLER E J, et al. Serpentinization and the origin of hydrogen gas in Kansas[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1987, 71(1): 39-48.
[39]	GUÉLARD J, BEAUMONT V, ROUCHON V, et al. Natural H₂ in Kansas: deep or shallow origin?[J]. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 2017, 18(5): 1841-1865.
[40]	MARTY B, GUNNLAUGSSON E, JAMBON A, et al. Gas geochemistry of geothermal fluids, the Hengill area, southwest rift zone of Iceland[J]. Chemical Geology, 1991, 91(3): 207-225.
[41]	吴振明, 刘和甫, 汤良杰, 等. 中国东部中、新生代主要裂谷盆地的演化及评论[J]. 石油实验地质, 1985, 7(1): 60-69. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198501060 WU Zhenming, LIU Hefu, TANG Liangjie, et al. Evaluation and evolution of the major rift valley of Meso-Cenozoic in eastern China[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 1985, 7(1): 60-69. doi: 10.11781/sysydz198501060
[42]	KITA I, MATSUO S, WAKITA H, et al. D/H ratios of H₂ in soil gases as an indicator of fault movements[J]. Geochemical Journal, 1980, 14: 317-320.
[43]	SUGISAKI R, IDO M, TAKEDA H, et al. Origin of hydrogen and carbon dioxide in fault gases and its relation to fault activity[J]. The Journal of Geology, 1983, 91(3): 239-258.
[44]	VACQUAND C, DEVILLE E, BEAUMONT V, et al. Reduced gas seepages in ophiolitic complexes: evidences for multiple origins of the H₂-CH₄-N₂ gas mixtures[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 2018, 223: 437-461.
[45]	KLEIN F, BACH W, JÖNS N, et al. Iron partitioning and hydrogen generation during serpentinization of abyssal peridotites from 15°N on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochi-mica Acta, 2009, 73(22): 6868-6893.
[46]	MAYTHEW L E, ELLISON E T, MCCOLLOM T M, et al. Hydrogen generation from low-temperature water-rock reactions[J]. Nature Geoscience, 2013, 6(6): 478-484, doi: 10.1038/NGEO1825.
[47]	OKLAND I, HUANG S, THORSETH I H, et al. Formation of H₂, CH₄ and N-species during low-temperature experimental alteration of ultramafic rocks[J]. Chemical Geology, 2014, 387: 22-34.
[48]	NEUBECK A, DUC N T, BASTVIKEN D, et al. Formation of H₂ and CH₄ by weathering of olivine at temperatures between 30 and 70℃[J]. Geochemical Transactions, 2011, 12(1): 6, doi: 10.1186/1467-4866-12-6.
[49]	ETIOPE G, SCHOELL M, HOSGÖRMEZ H. Abiotic methane flux from the Chimaera seep and Tekirova ophiolites (Turkey): understanding gas exhalation from low temperature serpentinization and implications for Mars[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2011, 310(1/2): 96-104.
[50]	刘训, 游国庆. 中国的板块构造区划[J]. 中国地质, 2015, 42(1): 1-17. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DIZI201501001.htm LIU Xun, YOU Guoqing. Tectonic regional subdivision of China in the light of plate theory[J]. Geology in China, 2015, 42(1): 1-17. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DIZI201501001.htm