鄂尔多斯盆地延长组致密砂岩不同尺度孔喉分形特征及其控制因素

王伟; 陈朝兵; 许爽; 李亚辉; 朱玉双; 黄星元

doi:10.11781/sysydz202201033

鄂尔多斯盆地延长组致密砂岩不同尺度孔喉分形特征及其控制因素

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202201033

1.
榆林学院化学与化工学院, 陕西榆林 719000
2.
西安石油大学地球科学与工程学院, 西安 710065
3.
中国石油长庆油田分公司, 陕西延安 716000
4.
西北大学地质学系, 西安 710069

基金项目:

国家青年科学基金 41802140

陕西省大学生创新创业训练计划项目 S202111395027

榆林学院高层次人才科研启动基金 18GK22

详细信息

作者简介:
王伟(1988-), 男, 讲师, 博士, 主要从事油气田开发地质研究。E-mail: 283465227@qq.com

通讯作者:
朱玉双(1968-), 女, 教授, 博士, 主要从事油气田开发地质与油层物理研究。E-mail: yshzhu@nwu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TE122.2
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-05-19
- 修回日期: 2021-12-24
- 刊出日期: 2022-01-28

Fractal characteristics and its controlling factors of pore-throat with different scales in tight sandstones of the Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin

1.
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yulin University, Yulin, Shaanxi 719000, China
2.
School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, China
3.
Changqing Oilfield Compang, PetroChina, Yan'an, Shaanxi 716000, China
4.
Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China

摘要

摘要: 微观孔喉结构是影响致密砂岩油藏特征的重要因素。致密砂岩孔喉结构复杂，非均质性强，需结合分形理论对其进行研究。选取鄂尔多斯盆地延长组致密砂岩进行铸体薄片、扫描电镜、恒速压汞实验，分析致密砂岩孔隙和喉道的分布特征。在此基础上，结合分形原理和方法，对致密砂岩孔隙和喉道分形维数及影响因素进行研究。结果表明，鄂尔多斯盆地延长组致密砂岩分形曲线存在明显的转折点，根据其对应的进汞压力，可以将致密砂岩孔隙和喉道分成大尺度和小尺度2种类型。利用线性拟合斜率计算孔隙和喉道分形维数（D），不同尺度孔隙和喉道该值差异较大。小尺度孔喉压实作用和胶结作用强烈，以晶间孔、剩余粒间孔和缩颈状喉道为主。该尺度孔喉非均质性弱，孔喉空间变形较少，分形维数较小（2 < D < 4）。大尺度孔喉溶蚀作用强烈，以弯片状喉道、溶蚀孔隙和复合孔隙为主。该尺度孔喉储集空间大，孔喉变形明显。因此大尺度孔喉非均质性强，分形维数较大（D > 7）。压实作用、胶结作用和溶蚀作用严重影响着致密砂岩孔喉储集空间的大小和形状，决定着不同尺度孔喉的分形特征。
- 孔喉结构 /
- 分形维数 /
- 恒速压汞 /
- 致密砂岩 /
- 延长组 /
- 鄂尔多斯盆地
Abstract: Pore-throat structure is one of the important factors affecting the characteristics of tight sandstone reservoirs. Pore-throat structure of tight sandstone is complex and with strong heterogeneity, thus, conjunction study with fractal theory bas become a promising approach. In this study, casting thin section, scanning electron microscopic observation and rate-controlled porosimetry were performed on tight sandstone samples of the Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin to study the distribution of pores and throats. With fractal principle and method, the fractal dimensions and influencing factors of tight sandstone pores and throats were studied. Results showed that there are clear inflection points on the fractal curves of lgS_Hg versus lgP_c, and according to the mercury pressure corresponding to the inflection points of fractal curves, pores and throats of tight sandstones can be classified to be large and small ones respectively. Fractal dimensions (D) were calculated by the means of slope of the straight part of each curve, and the fractal dimensions of pores and throats greatly varied between large pore-throats and small pore-throats. For the small pore-throats, compaction and cementation effects are strong, mainly developing intercrystalline pores, residual intergranular pores and necked throats. The heterogeneity of small pore-throat is weak, the pore-throat space is less deformed, and the fractal dimensions are small (2 < D < 4). For the large pore-throats, dissolution effect is strong, mainly developing curved lamellar throats, dissolved pores and composite pores. The storage space of large pore-throats is large, and the deformation of large pore-throats is significantly affected by diagenesis. Thus, the heterogeneity of large pore-throat is relatively stronger and the fractal dimensions of large pore-throat are higher (D > 7). It was indicated that diagnosis, including compaction, cementation and dissolution, greatly affected the size and shape of pore-throat in tight sandstone, and determined the fractal characteristics of pore-throat with different scales.
- pore-throat structure /
- fractal dimension /
- rate-controlled porosimetry /
- tight sandstone /
- Yanchang Formation /
- Ordos Basin

HTML全文

图 1 鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬地区地质构造(a)及上三叠统延长组地层特征(b)

Figure 1. Tectonic units (a) and stratigraphic column of Yanchang Formation of Upper Triassic (b), Jiyuan area, Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬地区致密砂岩孔隙和喉道微观特征

a.边缘规则的剩余粒间孔，J1井，长6段，铸体薄片；b.长石溶孔，J6井，长7段，铸体薄片；c.长石颗粒强烈溶蚀，J4井，长6段，SEM；d. 自生绿泥石发育晶间孔，J3井，长6段，SEM；e.孔隙缩小形成缩颈状喉道，J2井，长6段，SEM；f.弯片状喉道发育，J7井，长7段，SEM

Figure 2. Microscopic characteristics of pores and throats in tight sandstones, Jiyuan area, Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬地区致密砂岩孔隙度与渗透率相关性

Figure 3. Relationship between porosity and permeability of tight sandstones, Jiyuan area, Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬地区致密砂岩孔隙和喉道分布频率

Figure 4. Distribution frequency of pore-throat in tight sandstones, Jiyuan area, Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬地区致密砂岩孔隙和喉道分形特征

Figure 5. Fractal characteristics of pore-throat in tight sandstones, Jiyuan area, Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬地区致密砂岩恒速压汞进汞曲线(a)与分形特征(b)。

J2井，2 281 m，长6段

Figure 6. Mercury injection curves by RCP(a) and fractal characteristics(b) of tight sandstones, Jiyuan area, Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬地区致密砂岩大尺度孔隙和喉道微观特征

Figure 7. Microscopic characteristics of large pores and large throats in tight sandstones of Jiyuan area, Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬地区致密砂岩孔喉分布和分形维数统计

Table 1. Distribution and fractal dimensions of pore-throat in tight sandstones, Jiyuan area, Ordos Basin

井号/样品号	层位	深度/m	孔隙度/%	渗透率/10^-3μm²	平均喉道半径/μm	平均孔隙半径/μm	分形维数
井号/样品号	层位	深度/m	孔隙度/%	渗透率/10^-3μm²	平均喉道半径/μm	平均孔隙半径/μm	小尺度孔隙	大尺度孔隙	小尺度喉道	大尺度喉道
J1	长6	2 306	9.1	0.12	0.43	126.45	2.99	11.17	2.90	8.70
J2	长6	2 281	9.4	0.13	0.60	116.05	2.16	12.01	2.76	14.03
J3	长6	2 127	11.1	0.02	0.43	128.09	2.65	10.80	3.72	8.05
J4	长6	2 349	14.6	0.26	0.96	127.12	2.17	11.24	3.13	7.00
J5	长7	2 367	7.8	0.06	0.27	158.80	2.61	18.47	3.93	8.47
J6	长7	2 423	9.6	0.06	0.61	131.68	2.26	13.44	3.61	8.50
J7	长7	2 580	10.2	0.15	0.36	151.47	2.98	20.26	3.98	20.50
J8	长7	2 517	15.5	0.15	0.56	130.25	2.20	15.22	3.72	10.28

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