海陆过渡相超深层页岩储层特征——以川东北普光气田Y4井上二叠统龙潭组下段为例

李进; 王学军; 周凯; 王运所; 李宁朝; 吴颖; 王美格

doi:10.11781/sysydz202201071

海陆过渡相超深层页岩储层特征——以川东北普光气田Y4井上二叠统龙潭组下段为例

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202201071

1.
中国石化中原油田分公司勘探开发研究院, 河南濮阳 457000
2.
中国石化中原油田分公司勘探管理部, 河南濮阳 457000
3.
中国石化中原油田分公司物探研究院, 河南濮阳 457000

基金项目:

中石化油田事业部项目“中原探区页岩油气勘探潜力评价与目标优选“ YTBXD-02-01-2021-VI

详细信息

作者简介:
李进(1989-), 男, 工程师, 从事页岩油气地质评价。E-mail: lijincugb@126.com

中图分类号: TE122.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-02-02
- 修回日期: 2021-12-28
- 刊出日期: 2022-01-28

Characteristics of ultra-deep shale reservoir of marine-continental transitional facies: a case study of lower member of Upper Permian Longtan Formation in well Y4, Puguang Gas Field, northeastern Sichuan Basin

1.
Exploration and Development Research Institute of SINOPEC Zhongyuan Oilfield, Puyang, Henan 457000, China
2.
Exploration Management Department of SINOPEC Zhongyuan Oilfield, Puyang, Henan 457000, China
3.
Geophysical Exploration Institute of SINOPEC Zhongyuan Oilfield, Puyang, Henan 457000, China

摘要

摘要: 为探索超深层条件下海陆过渡相页岩储层特征，针对川东北地区普光气田Y4井上二叠统龙潭组泥页岩开展了有机地球化学、矿物组成、孔隙结构、物性等分析测试。龙潭组泥页岩具有高有机碳含量（主峰区间3.77%~10.72%），Ⅱ₂—Ⅲ型干酪根及过成熟特征（R_o介于3.82%~3.97%）；总孔体积均值为0.047 mL/g，比表面积均值为31.8 m²/g，孔隙度均值为6.64%；储集空间类型以有机孔、黏土矿物层片间孔、脆性矿物溶蚀孔及微裂缝为主，形态多为平行板状与两端开放管状。深水潟湖环境下泥页岩孔隙度与有机碳、黄铁矿、石英含量呈正相关，说明缺氧还原、水体稳定的沉积环境控制着原始矿物组成与结构，同时刚性矿物颗粒与有机质、黏土矿物有效络合，为有机孔保存提供了必要条件。受碾平式改造作用影响的扁平状有机质大孔与密集发育的有机质微—介孔、黏土矿物晶间孔缝、脆性矿物孔缝组成储集网络，最终形成深水潟湖微相超深层泥页岩储层。
- 超深层过渡相泥页岩 /
- 储集空间 /
- 扁平状有机质大孔 /
- 碾平式改造 /
- 龙潭组 /
- 上二叠统 /
- 普光地区 /
- 川东北
Abstract: In order to explore the characteristics of marine-continental transitional shale reservoir under overburden conditions, studies of organic geochemistry, mineral composition, parameters of pore structure and physical properties of shale in well Y4 of the Upper Permian Longtan Formation in the Puguang exploration area of northeastern Sichuan Basin were carried out. The shale of the Longtan Formation is characterized by high abundance of organic matter (ranging from 3.77% to 10.72%), humic and sapropelic organic matter (kerogen type of Ⅱ₂ to Ⅲ) and post stage of maturation (%R_o values ranging from 3.82% to 3.97%). The average pore volume, specific surface area and porosity of shale are 0.047 mL/g, 31.8 m²/g and 6.64%, respectively. Reservoir space is mainly composed of organic pores, interlayer pores of clay minerals, dissolution pores of brittle minerals and micro fractures. The main pore structure is parallel plate-shaped pores and open tubular pores at both ends. The porosity of shale is positively correlated with the contents of TOC, pyrite and quartz in deep-water lagoon environment, which indicated that the original mineral composition and structure were controlled by anoxic reduction and stable water environment. Meanwhile, the effective complexation of rigid mineral particles with organic matter and clay minerals provided necessary conditions for the preservation of organic pores. Reservoir network is consisted of flat organic macropores affected by flattening transformation, densely-developed organic pores, intergranular pores and fractures of brittle minerals, and finally formed ultra-deep shale reservoir deposited in deep-water lagoon microfacies.
- ultra-deep transitional shale /
- reservoir space /
- macro-pores of flat organic matter /
- flattening transformation /
- Longtan Formation /
- Upper Permian /
- Puguang area /
- northeastern Sichuan Basin

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图 1 四川盆地二叠系龙潭组沉积期岩相古地理

修自参考文献[17]。

Figure 1. Paleography of Permian Longtan period in Sichuan Basin

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图 2 四川盆地普光地区典型井Y4井综合柱状图(a)及龙潭组岩心和薄片照片(b)

b.岩心及薄片：(1)5861.53~5 861.74 m，凝灰质混积岩；(2)5861.08~5 861.29 m，上部菱铁矿质泥岩，下部黏土质泥岩；(3)5863.12~5 863.30 m，碳质泥岩与煤互层；(4)5871.57~5 871.72 m，黑色薄层状硅质泥岩；(5)5 870.05 m，菱铁矿质泥岩；(6)5 861.74 m，凝灰质混积岩

Figure 2. Comprehensive histogram of typical well Y4(a) and its core and thin section photos of Longtan Formation(b), Puguang area, Sichuan Basin

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图 3 四川盆地普光地区Y4井二叠系龙潭组泥页岩矿物特征

Figure 3. Mineral characteristics of shale in Permian Longtan Formation, well Y4, Puguang area, Sichuan Basin

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图 4 四川盆地普光地区Y4井二叠系龙潭组有机地球化学特征

Figure 4. Organic geochemical characteristics of Permian Longtan Formation, well Y4, Puguang area, Sichuan Basin

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图 5 四川盆地普光地区二叠系龙潭组无机孔镜下特征及典型裂缝照片

a.Y4井，5 861.27 m，黄铁矿晶间残余孔；b.Y4井，5 856.81 m，黏土矿物层片间缝；c.Y4井，5 869.94 m，白云石晶体发育溶蚀孔和解理缝；d.Y4井，5 860.54 m，白云石胶结物放大，解理缝发育；e.Y4井，5 870.54 m，石英颗粒可见碎裂缝，边缘见少量微孔隙；f.Y4井，5 861.74 m，保存完好的植物结构孔，结构孔中蒙脱石微孔隙发育；g.M1井，4 957.5 m，生烃超压缝，方解石全充填；h.M1井，4 955.9 m，构造缝与生烃超压缝

Figure 5. Typical crack photos and microscopic characteristics of inorganic pores of Permian Longtan Formation, Puguang area, Sichuan Basin

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图 6 四川盆地普光地区Y4井二叠系龙潭组有机孔镜下特征

a.5 859.41 m，TOC为0.56%，镜质体内孔隙不发育；b.5 864.34 m，TOC为6.45%，结构镜质体内发育少量纳米孔隙；c.5 868.34 m，有机质碎片内发育少量针状气孔；d.5 872.54 m，黄铁矿晶体与密集发育的纳米—微米级有机孔隙，黄铁矿晶体表面见少量棒状石膏、有机孔隙，晶体边缘见大型有机孔隙网络；e.5 873.14 m，有机孔密集发育，有机质大孔定向分布排列并呈扁平状；f.5 873.84 m，相比样品点e有机孔定向性及扁平状特点更显著；g.样品X1，5 860.94 m，植物结构孔中胶结大量黄铁矿晶粒与黏土矿物蒙脱石，残余少量微孔隙；h.样品X2，5 868.34 m，被黏土矿物包裹的分散有机质，发育星散状有机孔；i.5 873.14 m，被碳酸盐矿物颗粒包裹的有机质内普遍发育1~11 μm的扁平状有机孔隙，近水平定向排列

Figure 6. Microscopic characteristics of organic pores of Permian Longtan Formation, well Y4, Puguang area, Sichuan Basin

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图 7 四川盆地普光地区二叠系龙潭组不同孔体积与比表面积相关性

Figure 7. Correlation between different pore volume and specific surface area of Permian Longtan Formation, Puguang area, Sichuan Basin

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图 8 川东北地区二叠系龙潭组页岩储层特征随成熟度(R_o)的变化

Figure 8. Variation of porosity with maturity (R_o) of shale in Permian Longtan Formation, northeastern Sichuan Basin

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图 9 四川盆地普光地区Y4井二叠系龙潭组黏土矿物特征及与储层参数相关性分析

Figure 9. Characteristics of clay minerals in Permian Longtan Formation of well Y4 and its correlation with reservoir parameters, Puguang area, Sichuan Basi

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图 10 四川盆地普光地区二叠系龙潭组TOC与储层参数相关性图版

Figure 10. Correlation between TOC and reservoir parameters of Permian Longtan Formation, Puguang area, Sichuan Basin

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图 11 四川盆地普光地区二叠系龙潭组黏土矿物与储层参数相关性图版

Figure 11. Correlation between clay mineral content and reservoir parameters of Permian Longtan Formation, Puguang area, Sichuan Basin

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图 12 四川盆地普光地区二叠系龙潭组黄铁矿、石英与储层参数相关性图版

Figure 12. Correlation between pyrite and quartz contents and reservoir parameters of Permian Longtan Formation, Puguang area, Sichuan Basin

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图 13 四川盆地普光地区二叠系龙潭组不同沉积微相下泥页岩储层演化模式

Figure 13. Evolution model of shale reservoir in different sedimentary microfacies of Permian Longtan Formation, Puguang area, Sichuan Basin

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