柴达木盆地西北区地层剥蚀厚度恢复及对油气成藏的启示

冯德浩; 刘成林; 田继先; 太万雪; 李培; 曾旭; 孔骅

doi:10.11781/sysydz202201188

柴达木盆地西北区地层剥蚀厚度恢复及对油气成藏的启示

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202201188

冯德浩^{1, 2,},
刘成林^{1, 2, ,},
田继先³,
太万雪^{1, 2},
李培^{1, 2},
曾旭³,
孔骅³

1.
中国石油大学(北京) 油气资源与探测国家重点实验室, 北京 102249
2.
中国石油大学(北京) 地球科学学院, 北京 102249
3.
中国石油勘探开发研究院, 北京 100083

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金面上项目 41872127

中国石油天然气股份有限公司科技重大专项 2016E-0102

详细信息

作者简介:
冯德浩(1997-), 男, 博士研究生, 从事石油与天然气勘探地质研究。E-mail: apparate_z@126.com

通讯作者:
刘成林(1970-), 男, 博士, 教授, 从事油气地球化学与资源评价、非常规油气地质研究。E-mail: liucl@cup.edu.cn

中图分类号: TE122.3
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-08-18
- 修回日期: 2021-12-08
- 刊出日期: 2022-01-28

Erosion thickness recovery and its significance to hydrocarbon accumulation in northwestern Qaidam Basin

FENG Dehao^{1, 2
,},
LIU Chenglin^{1, 2
, ,},
TIAN Jixian³,
TAI Wanxue^{1, 2},
LI Pei^{1, 2},
ZENG Xu³,
KONG Hua³

1.
State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
2.
College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
3.
Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China

摘要

摘要: 柴达木盆地西北至一里坪地区面积大、油气资源探明程度低，恢复地层剥蚀厚度对油气资源评价具有重要意义。针对剥蚀厚度恢复的复杂性和恢复结果的不确定性，采用地层趋势延伸法、声波时差法、镜质体反射率法和Easy%R_o最优化法等多种方法相结合，计算了研究区晚期构造运动地层剥蚀厚度，并定量探讨了其对油气成藏的影响。研究区第四系和上新统狮子沟组（N₂³）普遍遭受剥蚀，局部构造顶部剥蚀量可达1 000 m，上油砂山组（N₂²）在油泉子等部分构造顶部遭受剥蚀，下油砂山组（N₂¹）仅在盆地周缘被剥蚀。英雄岭构造带、各构造顶部以及阿尔金山前是剥蚀严重的区域，剥蚀量普遍超过500 m；洼陷地带以及研究区东部剥蚀量较小，剥蚀厚度小于500 m，构造活动相对稳定。油气藏和地面油气显示分布与地层剥蚀密切相关，适宜强度的地层剥蚀（300 m＜剥蚀量＜1 500 m）有利于形成油气藏，而剥蚀厚度超过1 500 m则易造成油气藏的破坏。
- 地层剥蚀厚度 /
- 地层恢复 /
- 晚期构造运动 /
- 油气成藏 /
- 一里坪地区 /
- 柴达木盆地西北部
Abstract: The area from the northwestern Qaidam Basin to Yiliping is large and the exploration degree of proved petroleum reserves is low. It is of great significance for future petroleum resource assessment to recover the thickness of eroded formation. In this paper, several methods including stratigraphic trend extension, interval transit time, vitrinite reflectivity and Easy%R_o optimization were used to calculate the formation erosion thickness during the late tectonic movement in the study area, and its significance for hydrocarbon accumulation was quantitatively discussed. The Quaternary and Pliocene Shizigou Formation (N₂³) in the study area were generally eroded, with a maximum erosion thickness of about 1 000 m on the top of some local structures. The Upper Youshashan Formation (N₂²) was eroded on the top of some structures such as Youquanzi, and the Lower Youshashan Formation (N₂¹) was eroded only at the periphery of the basin. The Yingxiongling structural belt, the top of each structure and the Altun foreland are the areas experienced the most serious erosion, generally more than 500 m of thickness. The erosion thickness in the depression and the eastern part of the study area is relatively smaller, usually less than 500 m, and the tectonic activities here are relatively stable. The distribution of petroleum reservoirs and hydrocarbon shows are closely related to the erosion thickness of sedimentary strata. The erosion thickness with appropriate strength (300-1 500 m) is conducive to the formation of oil and gas reservoirs, while an erosion thickness over 1 500 m is easy to cause damage to oil and gas reservoirs.
- strata erosion thickness /
- stratigraphic restoration /
- late tectonic movement /
- hydrocarbon accumulation /
- Yiliping area /
- northwestern Qaidam Basin

HTML全文

图 1 柴达木盆地中西部地区地质概况和地层剖面

据文献[11-12]修改。

Figure 1. Geological map and stratigraphic profile of central and western Qaidam Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 地层趋势延伸法恢复柴达木盆地西北区地层剥蚀厚度

剖面位置见图 1。

Figure 2. Erosion thickness of northwestern Qaidam Basin recovered by stratigraphic trend extension

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 镜质体反射率法恢复柴达木盆地地层剥蚀厚度

Figure 3. Erosion thickness of Qaidam Basin recovered by vitrinite reflectance

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 声波时差法恢复柴达木盆地地层剥蚀厚度

Figure 4. Erosion thickness of Qaidam Basin recovered by interval transit time

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图 5 柴达木盆地西北区—一里坪地区各层位剥蚀厚度

Figure 5. Contour map of erosion thickness of each layer from northwestern Qaidam Basin to Yiliping area

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图 6 柴达木盆地西北区晚期构造运动累计剥蚀厚度与油气田分布

Figure 6. Contour map of accumulated erosion thickness in late tectonic movement and distribution of oil and gas fields, northwestern Qaidam Basin

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图 7 柴达木盆地西北区地面调查地层剥蚀现象和油气显示

a.干柴沟构造，核部E₃²地层出露；b.干柴沟构造，出露N₂¹地层；c.干柴沟构造油气显示；d.油泉子构造，出露N₂²地层；e-f.油泉子构造地面油气显示

Figure 7. Eroded strata and hydrocarbon shows of field geological survey in northwestern Qaidam Basin

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图 8 柴达木盆地西北区部分背斜油气藏剖面及地质解析示意

a.红沟子油藏剖面；b.南翼山油气藏剖面；c.大风山油藏剖面；d.典型背斜构造地质解析

Figure 8. Profile and geological analysis of some anticline reservoirs in northwestern Qaidam Basin

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表 1 柴达木盆地部分重点井位剥蚀厚度统计

Table 1. Statistics of erosion thickness of some key wells in Qaidam Basin m

井位	剥蚀地层	地层趋势延伸法	声波时差法	镜质体反射率法	Easy%R_o最优化方法
风3	Q₁₊₂	430	438		450
油6	Q₁₊₂-N₂²	2 130		4 935	2 200
梁3	Q₁₊₂		413		550
鄂深1	Q₁₊₂-N₂³	883	934
博1	Q₁₊₂-N₂³		850	721
落深1	Q₁₊₂-N₂³		1 217	1 161	1 250
开2	Q₁₊₂-N₂²	2 286		2 561
风2	Q₁₊₂-N₂³	1 210	1 129
鸭参3	Q₁₊₂-N₂³	582	725	677	690
伊深1	Q₁₊₂		478	571	450

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 柴达木盆地西北地区部分油气藏剥蚀厚度统计

Table 2. Statistics of erosion thickness of some reservoirs in northwestern Qaidam Basin

油气藏	剥蚀地层	核部剥蚀量/m	储集层	石油储量/10⁴t	天然气储量/10⁸m³	地面油气显示
干柴沟	Q₁₊₂-E₃²	1 800~2 100	N₂²-E₃²			油苗
油墩子	Q₁₊₂-N₂²	1 500~1 600	N₂²			油苗
油泉子	Q₁₊₂-N₂²	1 500~2 100	N₂²、N₂¹	5 117.0	394	油苗、沥青
英东	Q₁₊₂-N₂³	600~800	N₂²、N₂¹	17 193.0	122	无
小梁山	Q₁₊₂	400	N₂²、N₂³	3 266.0	52	无
南翼山	Q₁₊₂-N₂³	1 100~1 600	N₂²-E₃²	3 229.4	384	油苗
红沟子	Q₁₊₂-N₂¹	1 200~1 600	N₂¹、N₁	1 412.0		油苗

下载: 导出CSV

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