第四系弱成岩泥页岩孔隙结构及物性特征

唐相路; 姜振学; 邵泽宇; 侯泽生; 贺世杰; 刘晓雪; 王昱超

doi:10.11781/sysydz202202210

第四系弱成岩泥页岩孔隙结构及物性特征

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202202210

1.
中国石油大学（北京）油气资源与探测国家重点实验室, 北京 102249
2.
中国石油青海油田分公司勘探开发研究院, 甘肃敦煌 736202

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 41802153

国家自然科学基金项目 41872135

详细信息

作者简介:
唐相路（1988—），男，博士，副研究员，主要从事非常规油气储层表征与成藏机理教学和科研。 E-mail： tangxl@cup.edu.cn

中图分类号: TE132.2
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-10-25
- 修回日期: 2022-02-01
- 刊出日期: 2022-03-28

Pore structure and physical properties of Quaternary weak diagenetic shales

1.
State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
2.
Research Institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina Qinghai Oilfield Company, Dunhuang, Gansu 736202, China

摘要

摘要: 第四系弱成岩泥页岩具有广泛的生物气勘探前景，对其孔隙结构及物性特征的研究有利于丰富泥页岩生物气藏地质理论。以柴达木盆地三湖地区第四系弱成岩泥页岩为例，通过扫描电镜、岩石薄片、X射线衍射全岩分析、覆压孔渗、气水相对渗透率等实验，系统研究了第四系弱成岩泥页岩孔隙结构及物性特征。结果表明，第四系弱成岩泥页岩主要为黏土质页岩、混合质页岩和长英质页岩3种岩相类型，存在粒间孔、脆性矿物粒内孔、黏土矿物粒内孔、有机质孔等多种孔隙类型。长英质页岩孔径偏大，以微米级孔隙为主。黏土质页岩和混合质页岩以纳米级孔隙为主。第四系弱成岩泥页岩孔隙度峰值分布在15%~30%，渗透率峰值分布在(0.1~10)×10^-3 μm²，覆压条件下孔渗会显著降低。驱替后的残余水饱和度较高，平均58.7%。由于黏土膨胀，减小了有效孔隙空间，降低了气、水流动性，导致两相共流区内的气、水相对渗透率都十分低。
- 孔隙结构 /
- 物性特征 /
- 岩相类型 /
- 弱成岩泥页岩 /
- 第四系
Abstract: The biogas of Quaternary weak diagenetic shale has a wide exploration prospect, and the understanding of pore structure and physical properties of these shales is conducive to promote the geological theory of shale biogas reservoir. The Quaternary weak diagenetic shale from the Sanhu area of Qaidam Basin was employed as an example in this study, to study the pore structure and physical properties by the means of scanning electron microscopy, thin section observation, X-ray diffraction of whole-rock samples, overpressure pore permeability determination, relative permeability of gas-water etc. Results show that there are three types of lithofacies for the Quaternary weak diagenetic shales including clay shales, mixed shales and felsic shales, and pores appeared to include intergranular pores, inner pores of brittle mineral grains, inner pores of clay mineral grains and organic pores. The pore size of felsic shale is large, mainly micron pores. The pore size of clay shale and mixed shale are dominated by nano-scale pores. The peak porosity and permeability of Quaternary weak diagenetic shale distribute in the range of 15%-30% and (0.1-10) ×10^-3 μm², respectively, and significantly reduce under overburden conditions. The residual water saturation after displacement is high (with an average value of 58.7%). Due to clay expansion, the effective pore space is reduced and the fluidity of gas and water is restrained, resulting in very low relative permeability of gas and water in the two-phase co-flow zone.
- pore structure /
- physical characteristics /
- lithofacies type /
- weak diagenetic shale /
- Quaternary

HTML全文

图 1 柴达木盆地区域构造及地层发育特征

Figure 1. Regional structure and stratigraphic development of Qaidam Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 第四系弱成岩泥页岩矿物组成三角图

Figure 2. Triangulation of mineral composition of Quaternary weak diagenetic shales

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 第四系弱成岩泥页岩3种岩相岩心及镜下照片

Figure 3. Cores and microscopic photos of three lithofacies of Quaternary weak diagenetic shales

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 第四系弱成岩泥页岩扫描电镜照片及面孔率分布特征

Figure 4. Scanning electron microscopy images and face ratio distribution of Quaternary weak diagenetic shales

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 第四系弱成岩泥页岩进汞曲线及孔径分布

Figure 5. Mercury curves and pore diameter distribution of Quaternary weak diagenetic shales

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 第四系弱成岩泥页岩孔隙度和渗透率分布特征

Figure 6. Distribution characteristics of porosity and permeability of Quaternary weak diagenetic shales

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 第四系弱成岩泥页岩孔隙度和渗透率与上覆压力的关系

Figure 7. Relationship between porosity and permeability of Quaternary weak diagenetic shales and overburden pressure

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 第四系弱成岩泥页岩气水相对渗透率曲线

Figure 8. Gas-water relative permeability curves of Quaternary weak diagenetic shales

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 第四系弱成岩泥页岩孔隙结构参数特征

Table 1. Characteristics of pore structure parameters of Quaternary weak diagenetic shales

岩相	孔隙半径/μm	分选系数	排驱压力/MPa	中值压力/MPa	退出效率/%
黏土质页岩	0.10~0.31/0.17	0.07~0.60/0.24	1.07~4.28/2.67	5.64~14.00/9.28	39.37~63.63/53.81
混合质页岩	0.42~1.34/0.93	0.92~4.01/2.49	0.16~0.64/0.47	1.22~9.48/3.75	31.39~73.35/52.13
长英质页岩	3.76~8.14/5.60	13.01~26.79/19.54	0.06~0.10/0.07	0.62~1.01/0.87	17.82~40.47/29.08
注：表中算式含义为：最小值~最大值/平均值。

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