渤海海域渤中凹陷渤中19-6大型凝析气田天然气来源探讨

仝志刚; 李友川; 何将启; 姚爽

doi:10.11781/sysydz202202324

渤海海域渤中凹陷渤中19-6大型凝析气田天然气来源探讨

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202202324

1.
中海油研究总院有限责任公司, 北京 100028
2.
中海石油(中国)有限公司, 北京 100010

基金项目:

中海油重大科研项目“中海油'十三五’油气资源评价” YXKY-2018-KT-01

详细信息

作者简介:
仝志刚(1969—)，男，博士，高级工程师，从事油气成藏定量研究与油气资源评价工作。E-mail：tongzgh@cnooc.com.cn

中图分类号: TE122.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-06-08
- 修回日期: 2022-02-18
- 刊出日期: 2022-03-28

Gas source of BZ19-6 condensate gas field in Bozhong Sag, Bohai Sea area

1.
CNOOC Research Institute Ltd., Beijing 100028, China
2.
CNOOC China Ltd., Beijing 100010, China

摘要

摘要: 渤海海域渤中19-6大型凝析气田的发现为渤中凹陷寻找大气田带来了希望和信心，深入研究其天然气的来源和成因对今后渤海天然气勘探具有重要指导意义。通过对开放和密闭体系热模拟实验结果分析，综合地球化学和数值模拟研究表明，渤海优质腐泥型湖相烃源岩[ω(TOC)=3.93%，I_H=727 mg/g(每克有机碳中干酪根热解烃量，下同)]干酪根热解累积生气的比例仅为10%，以排油为主；偏腐殖型湖相烃源岩热解生气比例也不大，I_H=100 mg/g时干酪根热解累积生气比例仅为30%，但由于干酪根的吸附作用，其中的残留烃在烃源岩中裂解成气，最后以排气为主。渤中19-6天然气为沙三段Ⅱ₁、Ⅱ₂和Ⅲ型混合烃源岩成熟到高成熟阶段的产物，是干酪根热解气与残留烃裂解气的混合物，且其供烃区为渤中凹陷西南的局部区域，供烃区古近系沙河街组沙三段烃源岩早期以排油为主，晚期(15 Ma以后)以排气为主，晚期排气量占总排气量的82%。下一步在渤中凹陷寻找大气田要选择供烃区烃源岩排烃气油比大、以排气为主的目标进行钻探。
- 热模拟实验 /
- 排烃气油比 /
- 供烃区 /
- 渤中19-6凝析气田 /
- 渤中凹陷 /
- 渤海海域
Abstract: The discovery of BZ19-6 condensate gas field in the Bozhong Sag of Bohai Sea area brought hope and confidence for giant gas fields. Intensive study of the source and genesis of natural gas in BZ19-6 gas field plays an important role for guiding natural gas exploration in the Bohai Sea. Open and sealed system pyrolysis as well as geochemical and numerical simulation show that the high-quality sapropelic lacustrine source rocks with an average TOC content of 3.93% and an I_H index of 727 mg/g in the Bohai Sea area mainly generate oil, and only 10% of kerogens in the source rocks crack into gas. For humic-prone source rocks, about 30% of kerogens generate into gas when I_H reaches 100 mg/g. However, the humic-prone source rocks still expel gas which is cracked from residual hydrocarbon due to the adsorption of kerogens. The natural gas in BZ19-6 gas field are mainly sourced from Ⅱ₁, Ⅱ₂ and Ⅲ type source rocks in the third member of Shahejie Formation during mature to high-maturity stages. They are mixtures of kerogen cracked gas and residual hydrocarbon cracking gas sourced from parts of the southwestern Bozhong Sag. The source rocks of the third member of Shahejie Formation in the hydrocarbon supply area mainly discharge oil in the early stage, and changed to gas after 15 Ma, accounting for 82% of the total gas discharge. To find large gas fields in the Bozhong Sag, the targets where source rocks have large gas/oil ratio and mainly expel gas should be focused on.
- pyrolysis simulation experiment /
- gas-oil ratio of hydrocarbon expulsion /
- hydrocarbon supply area /
- BZ19-6 condensate gas field /
- Bozhong Sag /
- Bohai Sea area

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图 1 渤海海域密闭体系烃源岩产烃数值模拟结果

Figure 1. Modeling results of hydrocarbon expulsion of source rocks in closed system, Bohai Sea area

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图 2 渤海海域湖相烃源岩热解生气比例与I_H关系

Figure 2. Relationship between pyrolysis gas generation ratio and I_H of lacustrine source rocks in Bohai Sea

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图 3 渤海海域腐泥型烃源岩半开放体系中排烃史

Figure 3. Hydrocarbon expulsion history of sapropel type source rocks in semi-open system, Bahai Sea area

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图 4 渤海海域腐泥—腐殖型烃源岩半开放体系中排烃史

Figure 4. Hydrocarbon expulsion history of sapropel-humus type source rocks in semi-open system, Bahai Sea area

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图 5 渤海海域渤中凹陷沙三段烃源岩原始I_H分布

Figure 5. Original I_H distribution of source rocks in third member of Shahejie Formation, Bozhong Sag, Bohai Sea area

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图 6 渤海海域渤中凹陷渤中19-6供烃区沙三段烃源岩排油气史

Figure 6. Hydrocarbon expulsion history of source rocks in third member of Shahejie Formation in Bozhong 19-6 hydrocarbon supply zone, Bozhong Sag, Bohai Sea area

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图 7 渤海海域渤中凹陷沙三段底界烃源岩成熟度

Figure 7. Source rock maturity at the bottom of third member of Shahejie Formation in Bozhong Sag, Bohai Sea area

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表 1 渤海湖相烃源岩生油、气和油裂解化学动力学参数

Table 1. Chemical dynamic parameters of oil and gas generation of lacustrine source rocks and pyrolysis from oil to gas in Bohai Sea area

参数	干酪根生油	干酪根生气	油在干酪根中裂解	油在干酪根外裂解
频率因子/sec^-1	2.44×10¹⁴	2.29×10¹⁶	1.00×10¹⁴	1.00×10¹⁴
活化能/(kJ·mol^-1)	215	285	234	272
方差/(kJ·mol^-1)	20.0	5.0	10.5	10.0

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表 2 渤海海域湖相烃源岩热解实验数据

Table 2. Pyrolysis experiment data of lacustrine source rocks in Bohai Sea area

构造单元	层段	ω(TOC)/%	S₁+S₂/(mg·g^-1)	I_H/(mg·g^-1)	产气量/(mg·g^-1)	产油量/(mg·g^-1)	GOGI	G⁰
歧口凹陷	东二段	1.54	3.40	221	30	191	0.16	0.13
	东三段	3.32	15.17	457	62	395	0.16	0.14
	东下段	1.54	3.40	221	30	191	0.16	0.13
	沙一段	7.49	46.42	620	82	538	0.15	0.13
	沙一段	11.61	73.20	630	70	561	0.12	0.11
	沙三段	2.57	16.82	654	60	595	0.10	0.09
	沙三段	2.58	13.76	533	65	468	0.14	0.12
	沙三段	2.56	19.87	776	54	722	0.07	0.07
沙南凹陷	东二段	0.72	1.66	231	40	191	0.21	0.17
	东三段	3.11	19.22	618	90	528	0.17	0.15
	沙一段	4.56	30.26	664	95	569	0.17	0.14
	沙三段	6.12	47.32	773	84	689	0.12	0.11
	沙三段	5.15	40.05	778	91	686	0.13	0.12
渤中凹陷	东二段	1.51	4.90	325	80	244	0.33	0.25
	东三段	3.92	12.44	317	52	265	0.20	0.16
	沙一段	2.37	10.22	431	49	383	0.13	0.11
	沙三段	4.69	21.59	460	73	387	0.19	0.16
黄河口凹陷	东二段	1.05	3.52	335	62	273	0.23	0.18
	东三段	1.37	6.15	449	90	359	0.25	0.20
	东下段	1.33	4.89	368	66	302	0.22	0.18
	东下段	0.54	0.53	98	41	57	0.73	0.42
	东下段	1.49	7.16	481	93	388	0.24	0.19
	沙三段	2.25	5.81	258	59	199	0.30	0.23
	沙三段	5.30	20.82	393	51	342	0.15	0.13
莱州湾凹陷	沙三段	5.10	24.79	486	42	444	0.09	0.09
莱州湾凹陷	沙四段	4.20	20.86	497	84	413	0.20	0.17
渤东凹陷	东二段	0.91	2.06	226	51	175	0.29	0.23
	东三段	2.24	9.78	437	96	341	0.28	0.22
	沙一段	3.56	19.74	554	107	447	0.24	0.19
辽东湾	东三段	1.65	5.85	355	59	296	0.20	0.17
	沙一段	3.11	12.34	397	63	334	0.19	0.16
	沙三段	2.77	10.81	390	52	338	0.15	0.13
	东下段	1.86	7.82	420	56	364	0.15	0.13
	东下段	1.72	4.95	288	48	240	0.20	0.17
辽西凹陷	沙一段	3.15	14.90	473	51	422	0.12	0.11
辽西凹陷	沙三段	4.09	14.15	346	36	310	0.12	0.10
辽西低凸起	沙三段	4.19	26.94	643	41	602	0.07	0.06
注：据黄正吉等^[19-20]整理，GOGI为气油比，G⁰为产气比例。

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