鄂尔多斯盆地杭锦旗地区上古生界原油成因及勘探前景

赵永强; 许锦; 倪春华; 张毅; 马中良; 王付斌; 贾会冲; 张威; 齐荣; 安川

doi:10.11781/sysydz202203487

鄂尔多斯盆地杭锦旗地区上古生界原油成因及勘探前景

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202203487

赵永强^{1, 2, 3,},
许锦^{1, 2, 3},
倪春华^{1, 2},
张毅^{1, 2, 3},
马中良^{1, 2, 3},
王付斌⁴,
贾会冲⁵,
张威⁵,
齐荣⁵,
安川⁵

1.
中国石化石油勘探开发研究院无锡石油地质研究所, 江苏无锡 214126
2.
中国石化油气成藏重点实验室, 江苏无锡 214126
3.
页岩油气富集机理与有效开发国家重点实验室, 江苏无锡 214126
4.
中国石化华北油气分公司油气勘探管理部, 郑州 450006
5.
中国石化华北油气分公司勘探开发研究院, 郑州 450006

基金项目:

国家科技重大专项 2016ZX05002-006

详细信息

作者简介:
赵永强(1973-), 男, 博士, 高级工程师, 从事油气成藏研究。E-mail: zhaoyq.syky@sinopec.com

中图分类号: TE122.11
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-01-23
- 修回日期: 2022-04-29
- 刊出日期: 2022-05-28

Origin and exploration prospect of Upper Paleozoic crude oil from Hangjinqi area, Ordos Basin

ZHAO Yongqiang^{1, 2, 3
,},
XU Jin^{1, 2, 3},
NI Chunhua^{1, 2},
ZHANG Yi^{1, 2, 3},
MA Zhongliang^{1, 2, 3},
WANG Fubin⁴,
JIA Huichong⁵,
ZHANG Wei⁵,
QI Rong⁵,
AN Chuan⁵

1.
Wuxi Research Institute of Petroleum Geology, SINOPEC, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214126, China
2.
SINOPEC Key Laboratory of Petroleum Accumulation Mechanisms, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214126, China
3.
State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Development, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214126, China
4.
Department of Oil and Gas Exploration Management, SINOPEC North China Branch, Zhengzhou, Henan 450006, China
5.
Research Institute of Exploration and Development, SINOPEC North China Branch, Zhengzhou, Henan 450006, China

摘要

摘要: 鄂尔多斯盆地杭锦旗地区上古生界海陆过渡相有一套良好的生储盖组合，目前已发现了东胜大气田。该区二叠系下石盒子组产出少量中质原油，但原油的成因及其勘探前景尚不明确。基于对该区原油的物性、饱和烃色谱、生物标志物及碳同位素等地化特征的研究，试图揭示原油的成因和勘探前景。杭锦旗地区上古生界原油具有低硫、高蜡、中等成熟度特征，其甾烷分布显示以陆生植物为主，少量水生生物；Pr/Ph值为2.16~2.26，重排甾烷和重排藿烷含量高，伽马蜡烷含量低，原油碳同位素值为-27.7‰~-26.8‰，正构烷烃单体烃碳同位素前重后轻，这些特征均指示该原油是由沉积环境为弱氧化的陆相煤系地层中的暗色泥岩生成。二叠系山西组烃源岩有机岩石学、生烃热模拟实验及岩石热解等综合分析表明，该区山西组暗色泥岩具有一定生油潜力。结合原油产出井的位置和烃源岩的空间展布，山西组暗色泥岩可能是潜在的烃源岩。杭锦旗地区上古生界良好的生储盖组合条件暗示着该区的原油勘探值得重视，泊尔江海子断裂两侧邻区是原油聚集的潜在有利区。
- 原油成因 /
- 暗色泥岩 /
- 油气勘探前景 /
- 上古生界 /
- 杭锦旗地区 /
- 鄂尔多斯盆地
Abstract: A set of favorable source-reservoir-caprock assemblage was found in the Upper Paleozoic transitional facies in the Hangjinqi area of the Ordos Basin, and the large-scale Dongsheng gas field has been discovered. A small amount of crude oil has been produced from the Lower Shihezi Formation reservoir in the area; however, the origin and exploration prospect of the oil are unclear. Based on the studies including physical property, n-alkanes distributions, biomarker compositions, and carbon isotopic ratios, the origin and exploration prospect of the crude oil has been discussed. Results indicate that the Upper Paleozoic crude oil from the Hangjinqi area is mature oil with a low sulfur content and a high wax content, and the steranes are dominated by terrestrial plants and assisted by a small amount of aquatic organism. The Pr/Ph ratio is 2.16-2.26, and the diasteranes and rearranged hopanes are in high contents with a relative low content of gammacerane. The carbon isotopic ratios of the oil range from -27.7‰ to -26.8‰, [JP+1]and the carbon isotopic[JP]compositions of individual n-alkanes are heavy at first and then become light with the increasing of carbon numbers. These characteristics suggest that the oil was generated by the dark mudstone in terrigenous coal measures under weak oxidation environment. The comprehensive analysis combining organic petrography, hydrocarbon generation simulation, and pyrolysis of source rocks in the Shanxi Formation indicates that, the dark mudstone in the Permian Shanxi Formation in the Hangjinqi area displays a certain amount of oil generation potential. In combination with the location of oil producing wells and the spatial distribution of source rocks, the dark mudstone in the Shanxi Formation might be the potential source rocks for the produced oil. The oil exploration of the Upper Paleozoic strata in the Hangjinqi area deserves attention as suggested by the favorable conditions of source-reservoir-caprock assemblage, and the adjacent areas of the Borjianghaizi fault are potential favorable areas for oil accumulation.
- origin of crude oil /
- dark mudstone /
- hydrocarbon exploration potential /
- Upper Paleozoic /
- Hangjinqi area /
- Ordos Basin

HTML全文

图 1 鄂尔多斯盆地杭锦旗地区构造区划及典型井分布(a)和地层柱状图(b)

据倪春华等^[3]和纪文明等^[7]修改。

Figure 1. Distribution of structural zones and typical wells (a) and stratigraphic column (b) in Hangjinqi area, Ordos Basin

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图 2 鄂尔多斯盆地杭锦旗地区上古生界典型原油饱和烃色谱图

Figure 2. Chromatogram of saturated hydrocarbons in Upper Paleozoic crude oil from Hangjinqi area, Ordos Basin

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图 3 鄂尔多斯盆地杭锦旗地区上古生界原油甾烷分布特征

Figure 3. Distribution of steranes in Upper Paleozoic crude oil from Hangjinqi area, Ordos Basin

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图 4 鄂尔多斯盆地杭锦旗地区上古生界原油萜烷分布特征

Figure 4. Distribution of terpanes in Upper Paleozoic crude oil from Hangjinqi area, Ordos Basin

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图 5 鄂尔多斯盆地杭锦旗地区上古生界原油正构烷烃单体碳同位素分布曲线

川科1井和雷北1井数据引自文献[27]。

Figure 5. Distribution curves of carbon isotopic compositions of individual n-alkanes in Upper Paleozoic crude oil from Hangjinqi area, Ordos Basin

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图 6 鄂尔多斯盆地杭锦旗地区上古生界烃源岩有机岩石学照片

a-b.J116井，3 064.4 m，P₁s¹，煤；c-d.J78井，3 108.98 m，P₁s²，煤；e-f.J35井，2 167.7 m，P₁s²，碳质泥岩；g.J70井，2 976.43 m，C₃t，煤；h.Y18井，P₁s，煤

Figure 6. Organic petrographic photographs of the Upper Paleozoic source rocks from Hangjinqi area, Ordos Basin

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图 7 鄂尔多斯盆地杭锦旗地区上古生界煤和暗色泥岩生烃模拟排出油产率曲线

Figure 7. Oil yield curves during hydrocarbon generation simulation on Upper Paleozoic coal and dark mudstone from Hangjinqi area, Ordos Basin

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图 8 鄂尔多斯盆地杭锦旗地区上古生界原油和盆地中烃源岩干酪根碳同位素对比

中生界长7段泥岩据张斌等^[32]，下古生界烃源岩据李延钧等^[33]

Figure 8. Carbon isotopic comparison between Upper Paleozoic crude oil from Hangjinqi area and kerogen in different source rocks from Ordos Basin

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表 1 鄂尔多斯盆地杭锦旗地区上古生界原油物理性质和族组成

Table 1. Physical properties and group compositions of Upper Paleozoic crude oil from Hangjinqi area, Ordos Basin

样品号	层位	密度(20 ℃)/(g·cm^-3)	黏度(50 ℃)/(mPa·s)	硫/%	蜡/%	饱和烃/%	芳香烃/%	非烃+沥青质/%	饱芳比	(饱+芳)/(非+沥)
JPH-353	P₁x	0.86	6.96	0.08	15.60	78.36	17.28	4.36	4.53	21.94
JPH-2	P₁x	0.89	10.42	0.27	12.15	67.53	26.26	6.21	2.57	15.10

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表 2 鄂尔多斯盆地杭锦旗地区上古生界原油地球化学参数

Table 2. Geochemical parameters of Upper Paleozoic crude oil from Hangjinqi area, Ordos Basin

样品号	地球化学参数
样品号	Ⅰ₁	Ⅰ₂	Ⅰ₃	Ⅰ₄	Ⅰ₅	Ⅰ₆	Ⅰ₇	Ⅰ₈	Ⅰ₉	Ⅰ₁₀	Ⅰ₁₁	Ⅰ₁₂
JPH-353	2.26	0.45	0.69	0.71	0.34	1.62	0.69	1.87	0.64	0.34	0.09	-27.7
JPH-2	2.16	0.48	0.48	1.35	0.28	2.44	0.66	1.27	0.46	0.38	0.09	-26.8
注：Ⅰ₁.姥鲛烷/植烷；Ⅰ₂.C₂₉规则甾烷/C₂₇-C₂₉规则甾烷；Ⅰ₃.C₂₉重排甾烷/C₂₇-C₂₉重排甾烷；Ⅰ₄.C₂₇-C₂₉重排甾烷/C₂₇-C₂₉规则甾烷；Ⅰ₅.规则甾烷/17α藿烷；Ⅰ₆.C₂₄四环萜烷/C₂₆三环萜烷；Ⅰ₇.C₃₅藿烷(22 S)/ C₃₄藿烷(22 S)；Ⅰ₈.18 α(H)-22, 29, 30-三降藿烷(Ts)/17α(H)-22, 29, 30-三降藿烷(Tm)；Ⅰ₉.18 α(H)-30-降新藿烷(C₂₉Ts)/17 α(H), 21 β(H)-30-降藿烷(C₂₉H)；Ⅰ₁₀.C₃₀重排藿烷/17 α(H), 21 β(H)-C₃₀藿烷；Ⅰ₁₁.伽马蜡烷/21 β(H)-C₃₀藿烷；Ⅰ₁₂. δ¹³C/‰。

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表 3 鄂尔多斯盆地杭锦旗地区上古生界原油成熟度参数

Table 3. Maturity parameters of Upper Paleozoic crude oil from Hangjinqi area, Ordos Basin

成熟度参数	JPH-353	JPH-2
OEP	1.02	0.95
CPI	1.08	0.97
C_21-/C₂₂₊	1.36	2.26
庚烷值	30.57
异庚烷值	2.83
C₂₉甾烷20 S/(20 S+20 R)	0.53	0.50
C₂₉甾烷ββ/(αα+ ββ)	0.48	0.50
Ts/(Ts+Tm)	0.65	0.56
C₃₁藿烷22 S/(22 S+22 R)	0.54	0.58
MPI₁	0.70	0.59
MPI₂	0.74	0.64
MPR	0.52	0.92
单金刚烷指数/%	63	64
双金刚烷指数/%	47.1	33.3
注：MPI₁=1.5(2-MP+3-MP)/(P+1-MP+9-MP)；MPI₂=3×2-MP/(P+9-MP+1-MP)；MPR=(3-MP+2-MP)/(9-MP+1-MP)。样品JPH-2的OEP、CPI、C_21-/C₂₂₊数据是根据色质m/z 85的峰积分得来的。

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