Application of "retention coefficiency" method in shale gas resource evaluation: a case study of Upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation to Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation, southeastern Sichuan Basin
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摘要: 资源评价除提供结果数据外，更重要的是要对有利区优选和勘探部署提供依据。针对传统页岩气资评方法存在的不足，结合地层孔隙热压模拟实验和最新盆地模拟技术，提出了采用“存滞系数”法开展页岩气资源评价的流程，并指出泥页岩生—排—滞留烃演化模式和页岩气“存滞系数”是两项最关键的参数。以目前我国页岩气勘探开发程度最高的川东南上奥陶统五峰组—下志留统龙马溪组泥页岩为例，详细阐述了新方法的应用过程，结果显示“存滞系数”法具有较好的适用性和可行性。与传统方法相比，“存滞系数”法既考虑到页岩气的动态演化过程，又考虑到晚期保存条件对页岩气富集的影响，并能刻画页岩气资源的空间展布特征，在页岩气资源评价和有利区优选方面具有广阔的应用前景。Abstract: Besides providing resulting data, the evaluation of resource abundance is more important to provide evidence for the optimization of favorable areas and the deployment of exploration. In view of the drawbacks of traditional methods, combined with the newly developed thermal-pressure simulation method of formation porosity and basin simulation method, this paper puts forward the process of shale gas resource evaluation using the "retention coefficiency" method. It is pointed out that the model of hydrocarbon generation-expulsion-retention and the "retention coefficiency"are the two most critical parameters in this new method. The Upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation to Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation, which are the most highly explored shale in China, are taken as targets to illustrate the application process of the new method. Results show that the new method has good applicability and feasibility in shale gas resource evaluation. Compared with traditional methods, the "retention coefficiency" method not only considers the dynamic evolution process of shale gas, but also considers the influence of late preservation conditions on shale gas enrichment. In addition, the new method can describe the spatial distribution characteristics of shale gas resources, with a broad application prospect in shale gas resource evaluation and favorable area optimization.
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图 1 基于页岩气“存滞系数”的盆地模拟法资评流程
Figure 1. Basin simulation and resource evaluation process based on shale gas "retention coefficient"
图 2 海相不同类型泥页岩有机碳含量恢复系数
Figure 2. Recovery coefficient of organic carbon content in different types of marine shale
图 3 海相不同类型泥页岩源内气产率
Figure 3. In-source gas production rates in different types of marine shale
图 4 川东南上奥陶统五峰组—下志留统龙马溪组泥页岩源内生气强度
Figure 4. In-source gas intensity of shale in Upper Ordovician Wufeng to Lower Silurian Longmaxi formations in southeastern Sichuan Basin
图 5 川东南上奥陶统五峰组—下志留统龙马溪组页岩气“存滞系数”分布
Figure 5. Distribution of shale gas "retention coefficiency" of Upper Ordovician Wufeng to Lower Silurian Longmaxi formations in southeastern Sichuan Basin
图 6 川东南上奥陶统五峰组—下志留统龙马溪组页岩气资源丰度平面分布
Figure 6. Distribution of shale gas resource abundance of Upper Ordovician Wufeng to Lower Silurian Longmaxi formations in southeastern Sichuan Basin
图 7 川东南重点探区上奥陶统五峰组—下志留统龙马溪组页岩气资评结果对比
Figure 7. Comparison of evaluation results of shale gas resource of Upper Ordovician Wufeng to Lower Silurian Longmaxi formations from key exploration areas in southeastern Sichuan Basin
表 1 川东南地区盆地模拟地层格架及剥蚀信息
Table 1. Stratigraphic framework and denudation information of southeastern Sichuan Basin
地层 地层底界年龄/Ma 剥蚀事件 剥蚀开始时间/Ma 剥蚀结束时间/Ma 残留地层底界年龄/Ma Q 2.5 K 144 √ 144 2.5 204 T3-J 232 √ 160 144 198 T2 242 √ 230 227 232 T1 250 P2 268 P1 295 C 355 D 420 S 440 √ 420 416 425 O 480 －C2-3 520 －C1 540 
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表 2 涪陵探区总生气量、源内生气量及探明储量
Table 2. Total gas production, in-source gas production and proved reserves in Fuling exploration area, Sichuan Basin
矿权区/探明储量区 总生气量/108 m3 源内生气量/108 m3 探明储量/108m3 存滞系数/% 焦石坝主体 29 699.96 12 931.98 4 618.97 35.72 平桥 10 188.15 4 411.47 1 389.17 31.49
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