地质体中天然氢气成因识别方法初探

孟庆强

doi:10.11781/sysydz202203552

地质体中天然氢气成因识别方法初探

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202203552

孟庆强^{1, 2,}

1.
页岩油气富集机理与有效开发国家重点实验室, 北京 102206
2.
中国石化石油勘探开发研究院, 北京 102206

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划项目 2017YFC0603102

国家自然科学基金项目 41872164

详细信息

作者简介:
孟庆强(1978-), 男, 博士, 高级工程师, 从事油气地球化学与氢能研究。E-mail: mengqq.syky@sinopec.com

中图分类号: TE122.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-01-12
- 修回日期: 2022-04-28
- 刊出日期: 2022-05-28

Identification method for the origin of natural hydrogen gas in geological bodies

MENG Qingqiang^{1, 2
,}

1.
State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Development, Beijing 102206, China
2.
Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute, SINOPEC, Beijing 102206, China

摘要

摘要: 氢气作为一种清洁能源，已得到国内外越来越多的重视。近年我国加快氢能经济建设，对氢气的生产与储存提出了较高的要求。目前氢气的主要获取方式为人工制取氢气。了解自然界中是否存在高含量氢气，其成因如何，是能否发现并利用天然氢气的前提所在，但能否持续获得天然氢气，目前研究较弱。对氢气成因的判别，特别是深源成因与浅源成因主要依靠伴生稀有气体同位素组成特征进行判断，而部分天然气难以测定稀有气体，给氢气成因识别带来了困难。基于不同构造部位氢气及伴生气的含量、同位素组成等分析测试结果，分析美国堪萨斯(Kansas)盆地高含量氢气的持续时间和含量变化特征。并提出了基于甲烷—氢气含量关系与氢气氢同位素组成的氢气成因判别方法，降低了氢气成因识别的难度。认为地下条件下存在氢气补充机制，可以持续获得高含量天然氢气，板块碰撞带周边是高含量氢气的有利分布区。可以以氢气的氢同位素组成-700‰(VSMOW)和ln (CH₄/H₂)值划分氢气来源：壳源氢气的δD值一般大于-700‰，而ln (CH₄/H₂)值小于-8；幔源氢气的δD值一般小于-700‰，而ln (CH₄/H₂)值大于-4；富CO₂流体在地表被氧化后剩余的氢气，其δD值大于-700‰，而ln (CH₄/H₂)值大于-8；深源富氢流体在地表被氧化后，剩余氢气的δD值小于-700‰，而ln (CH₄/H₂)值小于-4。该方法可以在不测定稀有气体组分及同位素组成的条件下，对氢气成因进行快速分类。
- 地质体 /
- 氢气 /
- 成因 /
- 识别方法
Abstract: As one of the clean energies, hydrogen has attracted more and more global research interest. With the acceleration of hydrogen energy economic construction in China, higher requirements have been put forward for the production and storage of hydrogen. At present, the main way to obtain hydrogen is to produce hydrogen artificially. Whether there is a high content of hydrogen in nature and its origin are the premise for the discovery and utilization of natural hydrogen, but the related research is weak. The discrimination of hydrogen origin, especially deep and shallow source origin, depends mainly on the isotopic composition characteristics of accompanied rare gases, which is difficult to be determined in some cases, the origin of hydrogen is then difficult to be identified. Based on the analysis and analytical results of hydrogen and associated gas content and isotopic composition in different structural parts, this paper analyzes the duration and content variation characteristics of high content hydrogen in the Kansas Basin, USA. A discrimination method for hydrogen genesis based on the relationship between methane and hydrogen content and hydrogen isotopic composition has been proposed, access of hydrogen genesis identification is easier to be achieved. Based on the above research, it is believed that there is a hydrogen supplement mechanism with underground conditions, which can continuously produce high content of natural hydrogen. It is considered that it is a favorable distribution area for high content of hydrogen around the plate collision zone. The hydrogen source can be classified by the hydrogen isotopic composition of -700‰ (VSMOW) and ln(CH₄/H₂). Shell source hydrogen has a δD value generally greater than -700‰ and a ln(CH₄/H₂) value lower than -8. Mantle derived hydrogen has a δD value generally lower than -700‰ and a ln(CH₄/H₂) value greater than -4. Hydrogen remaining after CO₂ rich fluid is oxidized on the surface has a δD value greater than -700‰ and a ln(CH₄/H₂) value greater than -8. After the deep source hydrogen rich fluid is oxidized on the surface, the residual hydrogen has a δD value lower than -700 ‰ and a ln(CH₄/H₂) value under -4. This proposed method can quickly classify the origin of hydrogen without determining the composition and isotopic composition of rare gases.
- geological body /
- hydrogen gas /
- origin /
- identification method

HTML全文

图 1 北美堪萨斯盆地富氢气井构造地质(a)及剖面图(b)

据参考文献[19]修改。

Figure 1. Tectonic (a) and section (b) sketch map for hydrogen-bearing wells in Kansas Basin, USA

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图 2 北美堪萨斯盆地Scott井区天然气组分检测结果

数据据参考文献[20-22]，并归一化处理。

Figure 2. Change trend of natural gas composition in Scott area of Kansas Basin, USA

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图 3 北美堪萨斯盆地富氢气藏形成过程

据参考文献[22]修改，剖面B-B’如图 1所示。

Figure 3. Formation of hydrogen-enriched gas pools in Kansas Basin, USA

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图 4 基于甲烷—氢气含量关系与氢气氢同位素组成的氢气成因识别方法

Figure 4. Identification method for hydrogen genesis based on methane-hydrogen content and hydrogen isotope composition

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表 1 不同地质体中天然氢气的地球化学特征

Table 1. Geochemical characteristics of natural hydrogen in different geological bodies

取样地点	H₂/%	δD_H₂/‰	CH₄/%	N₂/%	CO₂/%	H₂S/%	数据来源
菲律宾LEF-2井	42.3	-581	55.3	1.5	0.01	-	文献[14]
菲律宾LEF-3井	42.6	-599	54.8	1.8	0.03	-	文献[14]
阿曼B’lad	22	-714	0	76	0	0	文献[15]
阿曼Huwayl Qufays	47	-699	4.3	39	0	0
阿曼Bahla	82	-699	2	15	0	0
阿曼Nizwa	95	-697	4	1	0	0
新西兰Wairakei温泉	0.51	-502	0.67	0.94	91.8	6.09	文献[16]
新西兰Wairakei温泉	0.58	-525	0.40	1.04	95.7	2.24
新西兰Wairakei温泉	0.62	-510	0.37	0.77	95.9	2.37
新西兰Wairakei温泉	0.76	-600	0.12	0.44	96.5	2.13
新西兰Wairakei温泉	0.87	-524	0.80	1.58	92.4	4.26
新西兰Tikitere温泉	2.78	-504	2.86	0.43	89.2	4.76
新西兰Tikitere温泉	3.05	-536	3.85	0.88	87.9	4.33
新西兰Tikitere温泉	3.10	-497	3.57	0.58	88.1	4.64
新西兰Tikitere温泉	3.24	-528	4.10	1.38	87.1	3.95
新西兰Tikitere温泉	3.68	-541	3.02	0.35	85.9	6.27
新西兰Tikitere温泉	4.37	-531	2.77	0.34	83.5	8.93
新西兰Tikitere温泉	4.72	-511	3.62	4.16	81.0	6.26
新西兰Tikitere温泉	5.13	-530	2.66	0.36	82.3	9.56
瑞典Gravberg井	1.1	-676	0.000 65	-	-	-	文献[17]
瑞典Gravberg井	2.7	-674	0.000 06	-	-	-
瑞典Gravberg井	2.8	-759	0.000 60	-	-	-
瑞典Gravberg井	3.7	-678	0.000 10	-	-	-
瑞典Gravberg井	5.0	-680	0.000 05	-	-	-
瑞典Gravberg井	8.1	-674	0.000 04	-	-	-
美国Scott-1井	33.6	-796	0.04	64.8			文献[21]
美国Scott-1井	39.0	-740	0.06	65.0
美国Heins井	36.7	-826	0.80	67.0
日本山崎断裂带	0.7	-590	0.000 10	-	-	-	文献[27]
日本山崎断裂带	1	-470	0.000 15	-	0.7	-
日本山崎断裂带	1	-510	0.000 15	-	0.6	-
日本山崎断裂带	3	-770	0.000 80	-	0.9	-
中国眼镜泉	0.38	-740.0	0.043 6	2.62	94.50	0.16	文献[28]
中国珍珠泉	0.39	-761.0	0.032 7	1.74	94.50	0.11
中国中井泉	0.52	-582.9	0.002 0	7.85	88.99	0.023
中国狮子头	0.58	-778.2	0.021 8	2.62	94.19	0.11
中国鼓鸣泉	0.69	-616.2	0.005 5	2.62	95.41	0.02
中国大地脚北	1.17	-624.0	0.032 7	2.77	95.82	0.19
中国西坡上	5.15	-790.8	0.001 2	1.98	88.75	0.02
中国徐深6井	0.017	-708	86.204	9.438	0.394		本文研究
中国东坡上	0.02	-804	0.15	51.38	35.13	0
中国大滚锅	0.03	-735	0.82	4.34	93.87	0
中国芳深1井	0.073	-792	80.193	15.825	0.666
中国升深1井	0.078	-779	92.06	4.992	0.218
中国徐深2井	0.087	-772	70.817	23.121	1.006
中国攀枝花1	0.16	-665	0.073	5.97	92.31	0.18
中国眼镜泉	0.22	-617	0.19	52.42	35.33	0
中国新怀胎井	0.23	-743	0.01	12.31	85.31	0.02
中国硫磺塘	0.26	-731	0.77	3.59	94.37	0
中国美女池	0.78	-751	0.04	17.33	77.39	0.12
中国鼓鸣泉	1.14	-730	0.089	82.87	2.22	0
注：(1)气体组分以气体类型与%表示，为体积百分含量；(2)氢气同位素组成以VSMOW作标准物质；(3)“-”表示未测出或者原文未报道。

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