Re-Os chronology and REE analysis of paleo-oil reservoir in high evolution areas: a case study of Banjie paleo-oil reservoir, Nanpanjiang Basin
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摘要: 由于高演化地区传统有机指标受到较大影响，在该类地区的油源对比研究中结合REE这一无机指标，将增加其结果的准确性。此外，储层沥青Re-Os测年作为一种定量的年代学研究手段，测试结果代表意义一直存在争议。对南盘江盆地板街古油藏储层沥青进行了稀土元素地球化学分析和Re-Os测年，并将其稀土元素配分模式与区内主力烃源岩通过灰色关联法进行了对比分析。南盘江盆地板街古油藏储层沥青中稀土总量较低，轻重稀土分馏明显，呈现为弱的Ce负异常和明显的Eu负异常，表明沥青形成时处于还原环境且未经历过强烈的风化淋滤作用，稀土配分模式属于轻稀土富集右倾模式；其稀土元素配分模式曲线与区内泥盆系烃源岩相似，二者具有成因关系。Re-Os测年结果显示，板街古油藏沥青Re-Os模式年龄主要分布于(203.6±1.1)~(238.5±4.2) Ma，平均(224.8±3.3) Ma(n=7)；最后一次扰动该沥青Re-Os时间体系的因素是生成沥青的过程，该模式年龄代表了板街古油藏储层沥青形成即原油裂解成气的时代。Abstract: The traditional organic index can be greatly affected in the areas with high thermal evolution degree whilst combination of REE for oil-source correlation will improve the results. In addition, Re-Os dating is a quantitative method of geochronology, but the significance of the test results is quite controversial. In this paper, REE geochemical analysis and Re-Os dating of bitumen in the Banjie paleo-oil reservoir is carried out. The REE distribution pattern of bitumen was compared with that of the main source rocks in the area using the method of grey correlation. Results show that the ΣREE of bitumen in the Banjie paleo-oil reservoir is low, and the fractionation of light and heavy REEs is obvious, showing a weak negative Ce anomaly and an obvious negative Eu anomaly, which indicates that the bitumen was formed in a reducing environment and has not experienced any strong weathering or leaching. The REE distribution mode belongs to the right-leaning mode of LREE enrichment. The REE distribution pattern curve is similar to that of Devonian source rocks in this area, indicating a genetic relationship. The results of Re-Os dating show that the Re-Os model age of bitumen in the Banjie paleo-oil reservoir ranges mainly from (203.6±1.1) Ma to (238.5±4.2) Ma, with an average of (224.8±3.3) Ma (n=7). The last factor which disturbed the Re-Os system of the bitumen is the process of bitumen generation. The model age represents the age of bitumen formation in the Banjie paleo-oil reservoir, when oil was cracked into gas.
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图 2 南盘江盆地纳板穹隆构造地质简图
据陈远明等[36]改编。
Figure 2. Tectonic geological map of Naban dome in Nanpanjiang Basin
图 3 南盘江盆地板街古油藏沥青产状
a.古油藏采样点远景图；b.块状、散粒状沥青充填于方解石晶洞溶蚀孔和胶结方解石世代之间的孔缝之中；c.脉状、块状沥青穿插方解石脉体；d.脉状沥青充填于生物碎屑灰岩的溶蚀裂缝之中；e.沥青充填于生物碎屑灰岩溶蚀孔洞之中；f.与沥青共生的方解石脉体；g.不规则状沥青穿插于方解石之中；h.沥青圆形气孔中充填方解石颗粒；i.散点状半自形黄铁矿分布于脉状沥青之中；j.半自形黄铁矿充填于不规则粒状沥青之中；Cc代表方解石，bit代表沥青，Pr代表黄铁矿
Figure 3. Occurrence of bitumen in Banjie paleo-oil reservoir, Nanpanjiang Basin
图 4 南盘江盆地板街古油藏沥青稀土元素球粒陨石标准化分布形式
Figure 4. Normalized REE chodrites distribution pattern of bitumen from Banjie paleo-oil reservoir, Nanpanjiang Basin
图 5 南盘江盆地板街古油藏沥青与可能烃源岩的稀土元素配分模式对比
Figure 5. Comparison of REE patterns for bitumen and source rock from Banjie paleo-oil reservoir, Nanpanjiang Basin
表 1 南盘江盆地板街古油藏样品沥青稀土元素含量
Table 1. REE of bitumen from Banjie paleo-oil reservoir, Nanpanjiang Basin
参数 bqs-2 bqs-4 bqs-5 bqs-6 bqs-7 bqs-8 bqs-9 xt-2 均值 La/10-6 0.42 0.24 0.62 10.70 1.85 1.86 0.33 2.82 2.36 Ce/10-6 0.59 0.36 0.85 14.60 2.19 2.23 0.44 4.22 3.18 Pr/10-6 0.07 0.06 0.17 1.75 0.21 0.32 0.08 0.44 0.39 Nd/10-6 0.30 0.28 0.89 6.54 0.76 1.22 0.40 1.77 1.52 Sm/10-6 0.06 0.07 0.22 0.64 0.08 0.19 0.09 0.27 0.20 Eu/10-6 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.07 0.01 0.04 0.03 0.05 0.04 Gd/10-6 0.08 0.10 0.29 0.42 0.07 0.20 0.13 0.30 0.20 Tb/10-6 0.01 0.01 0.05 0.07 0.01 0.03 0.02 0.05 0.03 Dy/10-6 0.09 0.10 0.32 0.45 0.06 0.22 0.14 0.33 0.21 Ho/10-6 0.02 0.02 0.07 0.11 0.01 0.05 0.03 0.08 0.05 Er/10-6 0.07 0.06 0.20 0.39 0.04 0.16 0.09 0.23 0.15 Tm/10-6 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.06 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.04 0.02 Yb/10-6 0.06 0.05 0.18 0.41 0.04 0.16 0.07 0.23 0.15 Lu/10-6 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.06 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.04 0.02 ΣREE/10-6 1.81 1.39 3.95 36.27 5.35 6.72 1.86 10.86 8.53 LREE/10-6 1.45 1.02 2.80 34.30 5.10 5.86 1.36 9.58 7.68 HREE/10-6 0.36 0.37 1.15 1.97 0.25 0.86 0.50 1.28 0.84 LREE/HREE 4.10 2.77 2.43 17.37 20.59 6.86 2.75 7.48 8.04 LaN/YbN 5.07 3.17 2.51 18.86 33.85 8.61 3.29 8.87 10.53 δEu/10-6 0.62 0.62 0.65 0.38 0.44 0.66 0.79 0.57 0.59 δCe/10-6 0.77 0.75 0.62 0.75 0.72 0.65 0.65 0.83 0.72 
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表 2 南盘江盆地板街古油藏沥青Re-Os测试结果
Table 2. Re-Os test results of bitumen from Banjie paleo-oil reservoir, Nanpanjiang Basin
样号 187Re/188Os 187Os/188Os 普通Os/(ng·g-1) 187Os/(ng·g-1) Re/ (ng·g-1) 模式年龄/Ma 测定值 1σ 测定值 1σ 测定值 1σ 测定值 1σ 测定值 1σ 测定值 1σ bqs-2 720 26 2.807 0.033 0.583 0.020 0.210 5 0.004 8 89.20 1.00 226.0 5.2 bqs-4 763 15 2.960 0.020 1.073 0.019 0.404 0 0.004 0 173.89 1.34 222.4 2.1 bqs-5 1 402 38 2.578 0.040 0.940 0.024 0.308 0 0.005 0 279.90 2.90 105.4 1.7 bqs-6 711 35 2.641 0.052 0.815 0.039 0.290 9 0.009 5 123.10 1.40 226.2 7.4 bqs-7 754 12 2.720 0.030 0.621 0.009 0.212 0 0.001 0 99.55 0.67 203.6 1.1 bqs-8 678 22 2.700 0.020 0.991 0.031 0.337 0 0.004 0 142.67 1.68 226.3 2.8 bqs-9 695 12 2.780 0.010 0.958 0.009 0.341 0 0.003 0 141.43 1.98 230.9 1.9 xt-2 535 18 2.650 0.040 0.786 0.023 0.222 0 0.004 0 89.28 1.29 238.5 4.2
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表 3 南盘江盆地板街古油藏沥青与可能烃源岩稀土元素质量分数对比
Table 3. REE correlation of bitumen and source rock from Banjie paleo-oil reservoir, Nanpanjiang Basin
稀土元素 稀土质量分数/10-6 板街古油藏沥青 泥盆系罗富组碳质泥岩 泥盆系火烘组碳质泥岩 二叠系龙潭组煤系烃源岩 二叠系茅口组灰岩 La 2.36 39.60 55.66 85.81 0.722 Ce 3.18 66.70 99.79 172.88 1.320 Pr 0.39 8.10 12.07 21.48 0.133 Nd 1.52 30.90 45.44 82.85 0.524 Sm 0.20 5.10 7.41 15.41 0.082 Eu 0.04 1.00 1.30 4.04 0.036 Gd 0.20 5.38 5.97 14.32 0.190 Tb 0.03 0.87 1.06 2.36 0.025 Dy 0.21 5.40 5.92 12.58 0.155 Ho 0.05 1.15 1.17 2.30 0.031 Er 0.15 3.41 3.41 6.17 0.080 Tm 0.02 0.50 0.58 0.85 0.011 Yb 0.15 3.17 3.64 5.09 0.054 Lu 0.02 0.42 0.51 0.76 0.005 ΣREE 8.53 171.70 243.93 426.90 3.368 数据来源 实测 文献[45] 文献[35] 文献[46] 文献[47]
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