核磁共振技术在页岩油气储层评价中的应用

孙中良; 李志明; 申宝剑; 祝庆敏; 李楚雄

doi:10.11781/sysydz202205930

核磁共振技术在页岩油气储层评价中的应用

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202205930

孙中良^{1, 2, 3, 4,},
李志明^{1, 2, 3, 4, ,},
申宝剑^{1, 2, 3, 4},
祝庆敏^{1, 2, 3, 4},
李楚雄^{1, 2, 3, 4}

1.
中国石化石油勘探开发研究院无锡石油地质研究所, 江苏无锡 214126
2.
页岩油气富集机理与有效开发国家重点实验室, 江苏无锡 214126
3.
国家能源页岩油研发中心, 江苏无锡 214126
4.
中国石化油气成藏重点实验室, 江苏无锡 214126

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 42090022

中国石化科技开发部项目 P20049-1

详细信息

作者简介:
孙中良(1993-), 男, 硕士, 工程师, 从事页岩油气地质研究。E-mail: sunzhl8188.syky@sinopec.com

通讯作者:
李志明(1968-), 男, 博士, 研究员, 从事油气地球化学、页岩油气地质研究。E-mail: lizm.syky@sinopec.com

中图分类号: TE122.24
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-09-09
- 修回日期: 2022-07-29
- 刊出日期: 2022-09-28

NMR technology in reservoir evaluation for shale oil and gas

SUN Zhongliang^{1, 2, 3, 4
,},
LI Zhiming^{1, 2, 3, 4
, ,},
SHEN Baojian^{1, 2, 3, 4},
ZHU Qingmin^{1, 2, 3, 4},
LI Chuxiong^{1, 2, 3, 4}

1.
Wuxi Research Institute of Petroleum Geology, SINOPEC, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214126, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Development, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214126, China
3.
State Energy Center for Shale Oil Research and Development, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214126, China
4.
Key Laboratory of Hydrocarbon Accumulation Mechanism, SINOPEC, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214126, China

摘要

摘要: 自非常规油气业务开展以来，核磁共振技术因其无损、灵敏、快速等优点，已发展为页岩油气储层评价的重要技术方法之一。该文从核磁共振技术的实验原理出发，着重综述了目前核磁共振技术在全尺度一体化表征页岩孔缝分布、孔隙度、孔隙润湿性、流体可动性及流体分类等页岩油气储层研究难点方面的应用。除此之外，在描述水的迁移、甲烷吸附和解吸以及二氧化碳置换等流体行为，获取有机质信息、油页岩界面面积，判断有机孔、无机孔，分析孔隙连通性，获取高黏性沥青和干酪根有关信息等方面的应用也做了简单介绍。最后分析了核磁共振分析技术目前存在的不足以及在页岩储层评价中的发展趋势。
- 核磁共振 /
- 页岩储层 /
- 孔缝分布 /
- 孔隙度 /
- 润湿性 /
- 流体可动性
Abstract: Since the development of unconventional oil and gas business, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) technology has been gradually applied in the evaluation for unconventional reservoirs due to the merits such as nondestructive, sensitive and fast, this technology has become one of the important methods in shale oil and gas reservoir evaluation. Therefore, based on the experimental principle of NMR technology, this paper focuses on the applications of NMR technology in the full-scale integrated characterization of pore and fracture distribution, characterization of shale porosity, pore wettability, fluid mobility and fluid classification, etc. In addition, the applications of NMR in describing water migration, methane adsorption and desorption, carbon dioxide displacement and other fluid behaviors, obtaining organic matter information, oil shale interface area, determining organic pores and inorganic pores, analyzing pore connectivity, and obtaining information about high-viscosity asphalt and kerogen are also briefly reviewed. Finally, the shortcomings of NMR and the development trend of NMR in shale reservoir evaluation are analyzed.
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) /
- shale reservoir /
- distribution of pores and cracks /
- porosity /
- wettability /
- fluid mobility

HTML全文

图 1 核磁共振中氢质子在磁场中的变化

Figure 1. Changes of hydrogen protons in magnetic fields in NMR

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 页岩在核磁共振下的T₂谱图特征^[31]

富有机质页岩样品，包括无平面缝和有平面缝(缝宽分布为1.5，4.5，7.5 μm)；红色箭头表示随裂缝宽度减小，T₂峰谱图左移，黑色箭头表示裂缝与孔隙存在扩散耦合作用

Figure 2. Characteristics of T₂ spectra of shale under NMR

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 水测孔隙度与核磁孔隙度关系^[38]

Figure 3. Relationship between conventional and NMR porosity

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 不同磁场下不同回波间隔条件下的孔隙度大小及对比^[40]

Figure 4. Porosity size and comparison under different magnetic fields and different echo intervals

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图 5 岩样离心前后T₂谱比较^[41]

Figure 5. T₂ spectrum comparison of rock samples before and after centrifugation

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图 6 在500 psi压力下注入盐水和柴油10 min后页岩岩心的核磁共振液体积随T₂的变化^[46]

Figure 6. Incremental NMR fluid volume as a function of T₂ for shale core before and after brine and diesel injection at 500 psi for 10 min

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 孔隙介质中不同流体组分的二维核磁共振信息分布^[52]

Figure 7. Two-dimensional NMR information distribution of different fluid components in porous media

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 流体或质子分类T₁—T₂模型^{[55, 57]}

Figure 8. T₁-T₂ model for fluid or proton classification

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 核磁共振与其他实验孔隙度评估结果对比

Table 1. Comparison of NMR and other experimental porosity evaluation results

文献来源	样品	总孔隙度/%				相对误差/%
文献来源	样品	Φ_N2	Φ_MIP	Φ_He	Φ_NMR	R₁	R₂	R₃
HINAI等^[34]	C1	2.78	3.78		11.4	75.6	66.8
	C2	4.15	3.05		10.8	61.6	71.8
	C3	1.93	3.17		6.7	71.2	52.7
	C5	2.92	3.03		14.2	79.4	78.6
	C7	3.11	3.54		11.6	73.2	69.5
	C8	3.22	3.56		14.0	77.0	74.5
XU等^[35]	NM-1			38.60	40.59			4.9
	NM-3			39.73	42.21			5.8
	NM-4			42.78	46.98			8.9
	NM-6			35.73	37.24			4.0
ZHANG等^[36]	L76-2			7.21	7.08			1.8
	F41-2			6.37	5.92			7.6
	L76-1			5.41	5.44			0.5
	Y556-3			1.60	1.44			11.1
	Y556-2			8.74	9.99			12.5
注: Ф_N2、Ф_MIP、Ф_He、Ф_NMR分别为氮气吸附法、MIP法、氦气法、NMR法的总孔隙度；R₁=(Ф_NMR -Ф_N2) /Ф_NMR×100；R₂ =(Ф_NMR -Ф_MIP) /Ф_NMR×100；R₃=(Ф_NMR -Ф_He)/Ф_NMR×100。

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