鄂尔多斯盆地超低渗透油藏渗吸特征及其影响因素——以渭北油田三叠系延长组三段储层为例

黎明; 廖晶; 王肃; 贺子潇; 王惠卫; 王俊; 何辉; 朱玉双

doi:10.11781/sysydz202206971

鄂尔多斯盆地超低渗透油藏渗吸特征及其影响因素——以渭北油田三叠系延长组三段储层为例

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202206971

黎明^1,,
廖晶¹,
王肃¹,
贺子潇¹,
王惠卫¹,
王俊¹,
何辉²,
朱玉双^3, ,

1.
中国石化河南油田分公司勘探开发研究院，郑州 450018
2.
河北省煤田地质局环境地质调查院，石家庄 050085
3.
西北大学大陆动力学国家重点实验室/地质学系，西安 710069

基金项目:

国家重大专项子课题“碎屑岩输导层结构模型中成岩演化过程与流体流动特征” 2017ZX05008-004-004-001

国家自然科学基金项目“高热与超导背景的成岩响应及流体活动对储层成岩—孔隙演化的影响” 41972129

详细信息

作者简介:
黎明(1986—)，男，硕士，高级工程师，从事非常规能源和低渗透油藏开发研究。E-mail: llm-0404@163.com

通讯作者:
朱玉双(1968—)，女，博士，教授，从事油气田开发地质与提高采收率技术研究。E-mail: yshzhu@nwu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TE122.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-01-13
- 修回日期: 2022-09-26
- 刊出日期: 2022-11-28

Imbibition characteristics and influencing factors of reservoirs with ultra-low permeability of Ordos Basin: a case study of third member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in Weibei Oil Field

1.
Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Production, Henan Oilfield Branch Company, SINOPEC, Zhengzhou, Henan 450018, China
2.
Environmental Geological Survey Institute, Hebei Coalfield Geology Bureau, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050085, China
3.
State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics/Department of Geology, Northwestern University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China

摘要

摘要: 鄂尔多斯盆地渭北油田属于超低渗透油藏，具有孔隙细小、孔喉结构复杂的特点。在前期的注水开发中存在明显的渗吸现象，对油田开发效果有一定的提高，但渗吸作用特征以及通过渗吸作用提高采收率的幅度认识不清。选取渭北油田三叠系延长组三段(长3)储层样品，通过物性测试、铸体薄片分析、扫描电镜、高压压汞和各类渗吸等实验，分析了研究区储层物性和孔喉结构特征，进行了不同介质类型以及不同含油饱和度下的渗吸实验。结果表明研究区储层溶蚀孔、粒间孔以及晶间孔三类孔隙比较发育，不同孔隙类型为主储层对应的孔喉结构特征差异较大，溶蚀孔、晶间孔为主的储层其孔喉结构逐渐变差。直接渗吸实验表明，裂缝型储层渗吸驱油效率均高于基质型储层，平均渗吸驱油效率分别为34.8%和23.2%；残余油下渗吸作用可以提高储层驱油效率，但幅度有限(5.3%~6.7%)。储层物性、介质类型、孔喉结构、渗吸时机等是影响渗吸驱油效率的主要因素，当储层物性越高、孔喉结构越好、含油饱和度相对较低时，储层渗吸作用相对较弱，渗吸驱油效率相对较低。
- 超低渗透油藏 /
- 储集空间 /
- 孔喉结构 /
- 渗吸作用 /
- 渭北油田 /
- 鄂尔多斯盆地
Abstract: The Weibei Oil Field of the Ordos Basin has reservoirs of ultra-low permeability with small pores and complex pore throat structures. Imbibition is obvious at the early stage of water injection, which improved the effect of oilfield development. However, the characteristics of imbibition and the extent of EOR by imbibition are not clear. By collecting core samples from the third member of the Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Weibei Oil Field, physical property test, cast thin section observation, scanning electron microscope test, high pressure mercury injection and various imbibition experiments were carried out to study the reservoir physical properties and pore throat structure characteristics of the study samples, and to make imbibition experiments under different media types and different oil saturation. Three types of pores were discovered in the study area, namely, dissolution pore, intergranular pore and intergranular pore. The pore throat structure corresponding to different pore types are largely different. Pore throat structures of the reservoirs dominated by dissolution pores and intergranular pores gradually deteriorates. The oil displacement efficiency of fractured reservoir is higher than that of matrix reservoir with the values of 34.8% and 23.2%, respectively. The imbibition experiment under residual oil saturation shows that imbibition can improve the displacement efficiency of reservoir, but the increase is limited (5.3%-6.7%). The main factors affecting oil displacement efficiency are physical property, pore throat structure, medium type and oil saturation. When the reservoir physical property is higher, the pore throat structure is better and the oil saturation is relatively lower, the reservoir imbibition is relatively weak and the imbibition displacement efficiency is relatively low.
- ultra-low permeability reservoir /
- reservoir space /
- pore throat structure /
- imbibition effect /
- Weibei Oil Field /
- Ordos Basin

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图 1 鄂尔多斯盆地渭北油田区域构造位置

Figure 1. Structural location of Weibei Oil Field, Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 鄂尔多斯盆地渭北油田长3储层主要岩石类型

Figure 2. Main rock types of third member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in Weibei Oil Field, Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 鄂尔多斯盆地渭北油田长3储层储集空间特征

a.粒间孔，wb47井，665.57 m，铸体薄片；b.粒间孔，wb47井，665.57 m，扫描电镜；c.粒间溶孔，wb53井，621.49 m，铸体薄片；d.粒间溶孔，wb53井，621.49 m，扫描电镜；e.长石溶孔，wb27井，465.37 m，铸体薄片；f.长石溶孔，wb27井，465.37 m，扫描电镜；g.高岭石晶间孔，wb53井，567.24 m，铸体薄片；h.高岭石晶间孔，wb53井，567.24 m，扫描电镜

Figure 3. Reservoir space characteristics of third member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in Weibei Oil Field, Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 鄂尔多斯盆地渭北油田长3储层物性参数分布

Figure 4. Physical properties of third member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in Weibei Oil Field, Ordos Basin

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图 5 鄂尔多斯盆地渭北油田长3储层毛管压力曲线及孔隙半径分布曲线特征

Figure 5. Characteristics of capillary pressure and pore radius distribution curves of third member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in Weibei Oil Field, Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 鄂尔多斯盆地渭北油田长3储层渗吸时间与渗吸驱油效率关系

Figure 6. Relationship between imbibition time and imbibition displacement efficiency of third member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in Weibei Oil Field, Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 鄂尔多斯盆地渭北油田长3储层渗吸时间与渗吸速度关系

Figure 7. Relationship between imbibition time and imbibition velocity of third member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in Weibei Oil Field, Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 鄂尔多斯盆地渭北油田长3储层残余油样品渗吸时间与渗吸驱油效率关系

Figure 8. Relationship between imbibition time and imbibition displacement efficiency of residual oil samples from third member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in Weibei Oil Field, Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 鄂尔多斯盆地渭北油田长3储层残余油样品渗吸时间与渗吸速度关系

Figure 9. Relationship between imbibition time and imbibition speed of residual oil samples from third member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in Weibei Oil Field, Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 鄂尔多斯盆地渭北油田长3储层不同孔喉类型储层渗吸驱油效率对比

Figure 10. Comparison of oil displacement efficiency by imbibition in reservoirs with different pore throat types of third member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in Weibei Oil Field, Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 鄂尔多斯盆地渭北油田长3储层矿物组分

Table 1. Mineral composition of third member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in Weibei Oil Field, Ordos Basin

矿物组分			体积分数/%
陆源碎屑	石英		28.3~60.7(48.4)
	长石		7.7~42.7(21.6)
	岩屑	火成岩屑	1.2~8.4(3.7)
	岩屑	变质岩屑	3.5~15.2(7.3)
	其他		0~18.5(4.6)
填隙物	泥质杂基		0.58~2.70(2.10)
	方解石		1.4~4.9(3.5)
	白云石		0.14~1.60(0.87)
	黄铁矿		0~1.0(0.55)
	铁方解石		0.25~2.40(1.10)
	高岭石		0.34~1.90(0.94)
	绿泥石		0.31~1.20(0.90)
	水云母		0~0.97(0.57)
	伊/蒙混层		0~0.68(0.26)
注：表中算式含义为：最小值~最大值(平均值)。

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表 2 鄂尔多斯盆地渭北油田长3储层质量法渗吸驱油效率统计

Table 2. Statistics of imbibition displacement efficiency by mass method of third member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in Weibei Oil Field, Ordos Basin

渗吸方式	孔隙类型	驱油效率/%
直接水渗吸	基质型	15.2~34.4/23.2
直接水渗吸	裂缝型	26.7~39.5/34.8
水驱至残余油水渗吸	基质型	0~7.9/5.3
水驱至残余油水渗吸	裂缝型	4.9~9.4/6.7
注：表中算式含义为：最小值~最大值/平均值。

下载: 导出CSV

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