致密油源储组合差异富集机制与控藏模式——以酒泉盆地青西凹陷为例

罗群; 红兰; 高阳; 邓远; 李映艳; 王仕琛; 马文彧; 许倩

doi:10.11781/sysydz202301001

致密油源储组合差异富集机制与控藏模式——以酒泉盆地青西凹陷为例

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202301001

罗群^{1, 2,},
红兰^{1, 2},
高阳³,
邓远³,
李映艳³,
王仕琛^{1, 2},
马文彧^{1, 2},
许倩^{1, 2}

1.
油气资源与探测国家重点实验室, 北京 102249
2.
中国石油大学（北京）非常规油气科学技术研究院, 北京 102249
3.
中国石油新疆油田分公司勘探开发研究院, 新疆克拉玛依 834000

基金项目:

中国石油—中国石油大学(北京)战略合作科技专项 ZLZX2020-01-6

详细信息

作者简介:
罗群(1963-), 男, 博士, 教授, 从事非常规油气成藏与地质评价研究。E-mail: luoqun2002@263.net

中图分类号: TE122.3
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-03-10
- 修回日期: 2022-12-07
- 刊出日期: 2023-01-28

Differential mechanism of tight oil enrichment and reservoir controlling model of source and reservoir combinations: a case study of Qingxi Sag, Jiuquan Basin

LUO Qun^{1, 2
,},
HONG Lan^{1, 2},
GAO Yang³,
DENG Yuan³,
LI Yingyan³,
WANG Shichen^{1, 2},
MA Wenyu^{1, 2},
XU Qian^{1, 2}

1.
State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Resources and Detection, Beijing 102249, China
2.
Unconventional Oil and Gas Science and Technology Research Institute, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
3.
Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Xinjiang Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Karamay, Xinjiang 834000, China

摘要

摘要: 源储品质及其空间匹配组合类型是致密油充注成藏与富集的关键因素，然而目前对其认识不足，尤其对不同类型源储组合致密油充注成藏与富集的差异性及其形成机制缺少深入研究，制约了致密油成藏理论的形成与勘探开发进展。以酒泉盆地青西凹陷为例，通过野外观察、岩心描述、钻井分析，总结出下源上储、上源下储、三明治型3种基本类型，源储一体、源储(薄)互层2种特殊类型，下源上储Ⅱ型、上源下储Ⅱ型、三明治Ⅱ型3种复合类型共8种类型的致密油源储组合，其中前5种为常见的源储组合类型。钻探成果统计与核磁共振实验相互验证了源储组合类型与致密油富集的对应关系，即源储一体型致密油富集程度最高，其次是三明治型，上源下储型要好于下源上储型，薄互层型不利于致密油的成藏与富集。揭示了下源上储、上源下储、三明治、源储一体、薄互层5种常见源储组合类型的致密油充注成藏与富集机制及其差异，总结了这5种源储组合致密油充注成藏与富集模式，指出致密油成藏动力、充注方式、保存条件是控制致密油充注成藏机制与富集差异的主控因素，而这些主控因素又与致密油源储组合类型密切相关。
- 源储组合 /
- 成藏模式 /
- 富集机制 /
- 致密油 /
- 青西凹陷 /
- 酒泉盆地
Abstract: The quality of source and reservoir rocks as well as their spatial assemblage types are crucial factors that controlling the charging, accumulation, and enrichment of tight oil resource. However, there are still deficiencies in the understanding about these factors, especially regarding differences in the mechanism of charging, accumulation, and enrichment of tight oil between different source-reservoir assemblage types, which restricts the formation of theory as well as the process of exploration and development. Taking the Qingxi Sag of the Jiuquan Basin as an example, we have drawn conclusions by field observations, core descriptions, and drilling analyses that there may be eight types of source-reservoir assemblages. Among these, there are three basic types, namely, the lower-generating and upper-reserving type, upper-generating and lower-reserving type, and sandwich-like type. In addition, there are two special types, the self-generating and self-reserving type and source-reservoir interbedding type. Moreover, the other three types are composite types, which are the lowergenerating and upper-reserving type Ⅱ, upper-generating and lower-reserving type Ⅱ, and sandwich-like type Ⅱ. Among the above mentioned eight types, the first five types are common. The results of statistical drilling and nuclear magnetic resonance experiments mutually verify the corresponding relation between source-reservoir assemblage type and tight oil enrichment. The assemblage types can be ranked according to their positive correlation with enrichment in the following order, from the highest to the lowest: self-generating and self-reservoiring type, sandwich-like type, upper-generating and lower-reservoiring type, lower-generating and upper-reservoiring type, and source-reservoir interbedding type. Differences in the mechanism of charging, accumulation, and enrichment of tight oil among the five common source-reservoir assemblage types are revealed and explained. In addition, their accumulation and enrichment patterns are determined and principal controlling factors are proposed, namely, accumulation dynamics, charging patterns, and storage conditions, which are in fact closely related to the source-reservoir assemblage types.
- source-reservoir assemblage /
- accumulation pattern /
- enrichment mechanism /
- tight oil /
- Qingxi Sag /
- Jiuquan Basin

HTML全文

图 1 酒泉盆地青西凹陷构造位置

Figure 1. Tectonic location of Qingxi Sag, Jiuquan Basin

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图 2 酒泉盆地青西凹陷下白垩统地层系统综合柱状图

Figure 2. Comprehensive histogram of Lower Cretaceous stratigraphic system in Qingxi Sag, Jiuquan Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 酒泉盆地青西凹陷各种岩性(烃源岩、储层类型)的RD-GR分布

白云岩(储层), GR>100 API, RD为40~5 000 Ω·m；粉砂岩(储层), GR < 100 API, RD为10~20 Ω·m；云质泥岩(裂缝不发育，烃源), GR为100~120 API, RD < 80 Ω·m；砾岩(储层), GR>100 API, RD为100~1 000 Ω·m；暗色泥岩(烃源), GR < 60 API, RD>30 Ω·m；泥质云岩(储层), GR>100 API, RD为30~5 000 Ω·m；云质泥岩(裂缝发育，储层), GR < 80~100 API, RD>1 000 Ω·m

Figure 3. RD-GR distribution of various lithologies (source rocks and reservoir types) in Qingxi Sag, Jiuquan Basin

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图 4 酒泉盆地青西凹陷红柳峡实测剖面源储单元分布及其空间匹配和组合类型

Figure 4. Distribution of source and reservoir units and their spatial matching and combination types in measured section of Hongliuxia, Qingxi Sag, Jiuquan Basin

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图 5 酒泉盆地青西凹陷柳4井K₁g₁⁴到K₁g₃²单井源储组合划分

Figure 5. Division of source and reservoir assemblages in single well from K₁g₁⁴ to K₁g₃² in well Liu 4, Qingxi Sag, Jiuquan Basin

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图 6 酒泉盆地青西凹陷源储组合类型

Figure 6. Source and reservoir assemblage types in Qingxi Sag, Jiuquan Basin

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图 7 酒泉盆地青西凹陷典型井石油日产量与源储组合类型的关系

图中石油日产量为相同试油方式。

Figure 7. Relationship between daily oil production and source-reservoir combination types in typical wells, Qingxi Sag, Jiuquan Basin

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图 8 核磁共振实验测得的酒泉盆地青西凹陷典型井中不同类型源储组合储层样品可动油饱和度分布

Figure 8. Saturation distribution measured by NMR experiment of movable oil in reservoir samples of different types of source-reservoir combinations in typical wells in Qingxi Sag, Jiuquan Basin

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图 9 下源上储型(A型)组合致密油充注成藏机理模式

Figure 9. Mechanism model for charging and accumulation of tight oil in lower source and upper reservoir (type A) combination

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图 10 上源下储型(B型)组合致密油充注成藏机理模式

Figure 10. Mechanism model for charging and accumulation of tight oil in upper source and lower reservoir type (type B) combination

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图 11 三明治型(C型)源储组合致密油充注成藏机理模式

Figure 11. Mechanism model for charging and accumulation of tight oil in sandwich type (type C) source-reservoir combination

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图 12 源储一体型(D型)源储组合致密油充注成藏机理模式

Figure 12. Mechanism model for charging and accumulation of tight oil in self-generating and self-reservoiring type (type D) combination

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表 1 酒泉盆地青西凹陷下沟组致密油源储单元划分标准

Table 1. Classification criteria for source and reservoir units of tight oil in Xiagou Formation, Qingxi Sag, Jiuquan Basin

划分标准			参数值
烃源岩	地质指标	累积厚度/m	＞15
		泥地比/%	＞60
		夹层厚度/m	＜5
		岩性	泥岩、页岩、云泥岩
		颜色	黑色、灰色、深灰
	地化指标	TOC/%	＞1.0
		氯仿沥青“A”/%	＞0.1
		(S₁+S₂)/(mg·g^-1)	＞2
		R_o/%	0.6~1.5
		有机质类型	Ⅰ、Ⅱ₁、Ⅱ₂
	测井指标	GR/API	20~50 100~150
	测井指标	RD/(Ω·m)	＜100
储层	地质指标	累积厚度/m	＞15
		泥地比/%	＞60
		夹层厚度/m	＜5
		岩性	云岩、泥云岩、粉砂岩、砂岩等
		颜色	灰色、灰白色
		孔隙度/%	2~10
		空气渗透率/10^-3 μm²	＜1
	测井指标	GR/API	80~150
	测井指标	RD/(Ω·m)	100~5 000

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