Coupled relationship between algal assemblages and water, surface sediments in modern shallow lakes of the Songnen Plain
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摘要: 为探究中新生代陆相湖盆页岩有机质富集影响因素，根据藻类在生烃物质中的重要性，从现代湖泊沉积角度出发，采用藻类组合、水体理化性质、底泥粒度、磁化率和色度的皮尔逊相关分析等方法，研究了松嫩平原中内泡中现代藻类组合与水体和底泥之间的耦合关系。研究发现，地形和风场对半封闭混合型弱酸性微咸水湖有机质富集存在一定影响。中内泡不同位置蓝藻、绿藻、硅藻丰度的不同受水温影响，与底泥分选程度存在一定关系，水温和底泥分选程度显著受控于当地风场的干扰。Abstract: In order to study the influencing factors for the enrichment of organic matter in Mesozoic and Cenozoic shale in lacustrine basins, the Pearson analyses of algal assemblages, physical and chemical properties of water body, sedimentary grain size, magnetic susceptibility and chromaticity were carried out from the aspect of modern lacustrine deposition. The coupled relationship between modern algal assemblages and water body, surface sediments in the Zhongnei Lake, which is a semi-enclosed shallow lake in the Songnen Plain, showed that topography and wind field affected the enrichment of organic matter in semi-enclosed brackish lakes with acidic and mixed water bodies. In different sites of the Zhongnei Lake, the abundance of cyanobacteria, green algae and diatoms are affected by water temperature and has a certain relationship with the degree of sediment sorting. Water temperature and sediment sorting are significantly controlled by the interference of local wind field.
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Key words:
- algae assemblage /
- water body /
- surface sediment /
- magnetic susceptibility /
- chromaticity /
- Songnen Plain
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图 1 松嫩平原中内泡地理位置及采样点分布
Figure 1. Geographical location and sampling distribution of Zhongnei Lake, Songnen Plain
图 2 松嫩平原中内泡主要藻类显微图片
硅藻：1，2为针杆藻属；3为直链藻属；4为尖针杆藻；5为桥湾藻属；6为舟形藻属；7，8，9，10为小环藻属；11为小环藻属和脆杆藻属；12，13为针杆藻属；14为羽纹藻属；15为二头脆杆藻；16为针形菱形藻。绿藻：18，19，20，23，24，25为盘星藻属；21，22为微茫藻属；26，27，28，29，30，31，32，33，34，40为栅藻属；35，36，37，38，39为镰形纤维藻属；41为蹄形藻属；42，43为弓形藻属；44为集星藻属。蓝藻：17为席藻属；45，46为色球藻属；47为鱼腥藻属。裸藻：48为扁裸藻属；49为旋纹裸藻。
Figure 2. Micrographs of main algaes in Zhongnei Lake, Songnen Plain
图 3 松嫩平原中内泡藻类植物组合(a)、底泥泥心(b)及色度均值(c)、磁化率均值(d)特征
Figure 3. Characteristics of algal assemblage (a), sediment lithology (b), mean value of chromaticity (c) and mean value of magnetic susceptibility (d) in Zhongnei Lake, Songnen Plain
图 4 松嫩平原中内泡泥岩采样点表层10 cm底泥剖面色度随深度变化
Figure 4. Chromaticity vs. depth of surface sediments (10 cm thick) in sampling locations in Zhongnei Lake, Songnen Plain
图 5 松嫩平原中内泡泥岩采样点表层10 cm底泥剖面磁化率随深度变化
Figure 5. Magnetic susceptibility vs. depth of surface sediments (10 cm thick) in sampling locations in Zhongnei Lake, Songnen Plain
图 6 松嫩平原中内泡泥岩采样点表层10 cm沉积物光沉降粒度—质量频率分布
Figure 6. Partical size by photosedimentation vs. mass frequency of surface sediments (10 cm thick) in sampling locations in Zhongnei Lake, Songnen Plain
表 1 松嫩平原中内泡湖泊水体主要离子浓度
Table 1. Concentration of main ions in water body of Zhongnei Lake, Songnen Plain
离子类型 浓度/(mg·L-1) 离子类型 浓度/(mg·L-1) 重碳酸根(HCO3-) 5.57×102 镍离子(Ni2+) 1.00×10-2 氯离子(Cl-) 1.86×102 铬离子(Cr3+) 硫酸根(SO42-) 1.39×102 锌离子(Zn2+) 4.00×10-2 钙离子(Ca2+) 3.61×10 锶离子(Sr2+) 4.30×10-1 镁离子(Mg2+) 3.16×10 铜离子(Cu2+) 7.00×10-2 钾离子+钠离子(K++Na+) 2.96×102 钡离子(Ba2+) 8.00×10-2 
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表 2 松嫩平原中内泡主要藻类植物种类及其组成
Table 2. Main algal species and proportions in Zhongnei Lake, Songnen Plain
门 属 种 占比/% 门 属 种 占比/% 硅藻 布纹藻属 尖布纹藻 1.45 裸藻 扁裸藻属 短刺扁裸藻 0.14 脆杆藻属 钝脆杆藻 0.14 宽扁裸藻 0.72 二头脆杆藻 1.01 卵圆扁裸藻 0.14 中型脆杆藻 0.29 鳞孔藻属 莱韦克鳞孔藻 0.14 菱形藻属 针形菱形藻 2.46 裸藻属 尖尾裸藻 0.29 双菱藻属 布列双菱藻 0.14 梭形裸藻 0.14 桥弯藻属 微细桥弯藻 0.14 旋纹裸藻 0.11 小环藻属 库津小环藻粗点变种 0.14 绿藻 顶棘藻属 顶棘藻 0.14 链形小环藻 4.49 弓形藻属 螺旋弓形藻 0.72 梅尼小环藻 6.95 集星藻属 集星藻c v 0.72 异极藻属 缢缩异极藻 0.14 盘星藻属 短棘盘星藻 0.29 羽纹藻属 绿色羽纹藻 0.58 二角盘星藻 0.29 针杆藻属 尖针杆藻 0.29 盘藻属 盘藻 0.29 头状针杆藻 0.36 十字藻属 四足十字藻 0.29 肘状针杆藻匙形变种 0.36 四角藻属 微小四角藻具角变种 0.14 直链藻属 颗粒直链藻极狭变种 0.42 微芒藻属 微芒藻 0.72 舟形藻属 尖急舟形藻赫里保变种 1.05 韦斯藻属 韦斯藻 0.87 双头舟形藻 2.13 纤维藻属 镰型纤维藻 2.32 黄藻 拟气球藻属 拟气球藻 2.32 针形纤维藻 4.93 蓝藻 棒胶藻属 棒胶藻 0.72 新月藻属 尖新月藻变异变种 0.28 聚球藻属 聚球藻 49.28 微小新月藻狭变种 0.14 平裂藻属 细小平裂藻 0.29 栅藻属 多棘栅藻 0.14 色球藻属 膨胀色球藻 0.87 二形栅藻 0.29 螺旋藻属 螺旋藻 0.87 尖细栅藻 0.14 席藻属 席藻 2.89 四尾栅藻 3.62 鱼腥藻属 类颤藻鱼腥藻小型变种 0.14 爪哇栅藻 0.29 维盖拉鱼腥藻 1.01 隐藻 隐藻属 卵形隐藻 0.88
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