微区原位碳氧同位素分析技术对碳酸盐岩成岩流体性质的约束——以塔里木盆地寒武系—奥陶系为例

韩俊; 尤东华; 钱一雄; 董少峰; 彭守涛

doi:10.11781/sysydz202301135

微区原位碳氧同位素分析技术对碳酸盐岩成岩流体性质的约束——以塔里木盆地寒武系—奥陶系为例

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202301135

1.
中国石化西北油田分公司勘探开发研究院，乌鲁木齐 830011
2.
中国石化石油勘探开发研究院无锡石油地质研究所，江苏无锡 214126
3.
西南石油大学地球科学与技术学院，成都 610500
4.
中国石化石油勘探开发研究院，北京 100083

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 U19B6003

国家自然科学基金企业创新发展联合基金项目 U21B2063

中国石化科技部项目 P21033-1

详细信息

作者简介:
韩俊(1983—)，男，副研究员，从事油气勘探与综合研究。E-mail: hanj.xbsj@sinopec.com

中图分类号: TE122.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-03-31
- 修回日期: 2022-12-15
- 刊出日期: 2023-01-28

Constraints on carbonate diagenetic fluid properties by microzone in situ analysis of carbon and oxygen isotopes: a case study of Cambrian-Ordovician, Tarim Basin

1.
Exploration and Development Research Institute, Northwest Oilfield Company, SINOPEC, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China
2.
Wuxi Research Institute of Petroleum Geology, SINOPEC, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214126, China
3.
School of Geo-Science & Technology, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
4.
Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute, SINOPEC, Beijing 100083, China

摘要

摘要: 随着分析测试水平的提高，微区原位地球化学分析作为揭示复杂沉积—成岩过程的重要技术手段，越来越受到广泛重视。通过微区原位碳氧同位素分析，结合常规分样方法获取的碳氧同位素数据，对比讨论了同生期—埋藏期海水胶结作用、表生期大气淡水的溶蚀—充填作用与多阶段白云石化流体交代—胶结充填作用。结果显示，微区原位取样碳氧同位素分析有利于揭示胶结物形成过程的多期、多阶段的流体性质演化。常规分样获取的此类胶结物碳氧同位素值可能是多期次产物的混合值。对于相对单一的产物，如碳酸盐岩基质组分、大气淡水成因方解石等，常规分样进行碳氧同位素分析基本可以满足研究需要。微区原位取样碳氧同位素分析提供了一种相对“低成本、高精度”的分析手段，对精确示踪碳酸盐岩成岩演化过程具有重要意义。
- 碳氧同位素 /
- 海水胶结作用 /
- 大气淡水 /
- 白云石化 /
- 碳酸盐岩 /
- 塔里木盆地
Abstract: As an important technological measure to uncover complex sedimentary-diagenetic process, microzone in situ geochemical analysis has drawn more and more attention along with improving analytical and test levels. According to the analysis of microzone in situ carbon and oxygen isotopes in combination with the data about carbon and oxygen isotopes acquired by conventional sample splitting methods, seawater cementation in syngenetic-burial stages, dissolution-infill by meteoric water in hypergenetic stage, and dolomitization fluid alternation-cementation infill in multiple stages were compared and discussed. The results demonstrated that the analysis of carbon and oxygen isotopes by microzone in situ sampling was favorable for revealing multi-stage and multi-period fluid property evolution in the process of cement formation. Carbon and oxygen isotopes of this cement type acquired by conventional sample splitting analysis might be mix values of multi-stage products. With respect to relatively single product (i.e. matrix components in carbonate rocks and calcite with meteoric water genesis), the analysis of carbon and oxygen isotopes by conventional sample splitting could basically meet study requirements. Microzone in situ sampling analysis on carbon and oxygen isotopes could provide a relatively "low cost and high accuracy" analytical measures, which has important meanings for precisely tracing diagenetic evolution of carbonate rocks.
- carbon and oxygen isotopes /
- seawater cementation /
- meteoric water /
- dolomitization /
- carbonate rocks /
- Tarim Basin

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图 1 塔里木盆地顺南地区奥陶系一间房组藻灰岩岩石学特征

a.藻灰岩发育大量斑点状方解石全充填窗格孔；b.窗格孔中方解石由纤柱状与粒状方解石构成；c.加厚薄片中窗格孔方解石透光性差异；d.阴极发光下窗格孔中两类方解石具有不同的发光特征

Figure 1. Petrological characteristics of algal limestone of Ordovician Yijianfang Formation in Shunnan area, Tarim Basin

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图 2 塔里木盆地顺南地区窗格孔灰岩不同类型方解石碳氧同位素分布特征

虚线范围为由腕足碳氧同位素标定的达瑞威尔阶海水背景值^[29-30]

Figure 2. Distribution characteristics of carbon and oxygen isotopes of different calcite types in fenestrated limestone pores in Shunnan area, Tarim Basin

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图 3 塔里木盆地顺南地区窗格孔灰岩粒状方解石流体包裹体均一温度—氧同位素组成平衡关系

等值线代表与方解石氧同位素平衡的流体氧同位素值，单位为‰

Figure 3. Equilibrium relationship of homogeneity temperature-oxygen isotope of granular calcite fluid inclusions in fenestrated limestone pores in Shunnan area, Tarim Basin

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图 4 塔里木盆地玉北地区奥陶系鹰山组灰岩渗流结构特征

a.灰岩不规则方解石胶结物充填；b.泥晶灰岩中渗流粉砂结构；c.加厚薄片中基质与方解石胶结物的透光性差异；d.阴极发光下两类方解石具有不同的发光特征

Figure 4. Vadose textural characteristics in Ordovician Yingshan Formation limestone in Yubei area, Tarim Basin

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图 5 塔里木盆地玉北地区奥陶系鹰山组灰岩不同产状方解石的碳氧同位素分布特征

Figure 5. Distribution characteristics of carbon and oxygen isotopes of different calcite occurrences in Ordovician Yingshan Formation limestone in Yubei area, Tarim Basin

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图 6 塔里木盆地塔深1井寒武系阿瓦塔格组白云岩岩石学特征

a.泥晶白云岩中顺层孔洞直面自形白云石充填；b.泥晶白云岩中高角度缝洞中鞍形白云石充填；c.加厚薄片中基质、早期白云石胶结物、晚期白云石胶结物的透光性具有明显差异；d.阴极发光下不同类型白云石具有不同的发光特征(与c同一视域)

Figure 6. Petrological characteristics of dolomites in Cambrian Awatage Formation in well Tashen 1, Tarim Basin

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图 7 塔里木盆地塔深1井寒武系阿瓦塔格组白云岩不同产状白云石碳氧同位素分布特征

虚线范围为中寒武统鼓山阶—古文阶白云石背景值^{[40, 45, 47]}。

Figure 7. Distribution characteristics of carbon and oxygen isotopes of different dolomite occurrences in Cambrian Awatage Formation in well Tashen1, Tarim Basin

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表 1 塔里木盆地顺南地区奥陶系一间房组窗格孔灰岩不同类型方解石δ¹³C、δ¹⁸O分析结果

Table 1. Results of δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O of different calcite types in fenestrated limestone pores of Ordovician Yijianfang Formation, Shunnan area, Tarim Basin

样品深度/m	分析对象	δ¹³C_VPDB/‰	δ¹⁸O_VPDB/‰	取样方法
6 669.10	灰岩基质(MC)	0.40	-7.40	常规分样
6 669.20	灰岩基质(MC)	0.40	-7.70	常规分样
	灰岩基质(MC)	0.40	-7.60	常规分样
	早期纤柱状方解石胶结物(CC1)	0.68	-5.85	原位微区
	晚期粒状方解石胶结物(CC2)	0.44	-11.60	原位微区
6 669.80	灰岩基质(MC)	0.40	-7.70	常规分样
	方解石胶结物(CC)	0.50	-6.50	常规分样
	方解石胶结物(CC)	0.70	-6.40	常规分样
6 670.00	早期纤柱状方解石胶结物(CC1)	0.84	-4.31	原位微区
6 672.30	灰岩基质(MC)	0.70	-7.50	常规分样
6 672.30	灰岩基质(MC)	0.30	-7.50	常规分样
6 672.67	早期纤柱状方解石胶结物(CC1)	1.11	-4.28	原位微区
6 672.80	灰岩基质(MC)	0.40	-7.50	常规分样
6 673.40	灰岩基质(MC)	0.30	-7.70	常规分样
6 673.40	灰岩基质(MC)	0.30	-7.60	常规分样
6 673.75	晚期粒状方解石胶结物(CC2)	0.55	-9.91	原位微区
6 674.10	灰岩基质(MC)	0.30	-7.60	常规分样

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表 2 塔里木盆地玉北地区奥陶系鹰山组灰岩不同产状方解石碳氧同位素分析结果

Table 2. Results of carbon and oxygen isotopes of different calcite occurrences in Ordovician Yingshan Formation limestone in Yubei area, Tarim Basin

样品深度/m	分析对象	δ¹³C_VPDB/‰	δ¹⁸O_VPDB/‰	取样方法
6 918.35	灰岩基质(LM)	-1.00	-7.30	常规分样
	孔洞方解石(CC)	-1.90	-11.90	常规分样
	泥晶基质(M-mm)	-0.75	-6.47	原位微区
	孔洞方解石(C-mm)	-2.19	-10.11	原位微区
6 918.64	泥晶基质(M-mm)	-0.75	-6.54	原位微区
6 918.64	透明方解石(C-mm)	-1.53	-12.22	原位微区
6 919.22	灰岩基质(LM)	-1.40	-7.10	常规分样
6 919.22	孔洞方解石(CC)	-1.70	-10.70	常规分样
6 920.00	灰岩基质(LM)	-0.80	-6.70	常规分样
6 920.00	孔洞方解石(CC)	-1.30	-8.30	常规分样
6 921.05	灰岩基质(LM)	-1.40	-7.30	常规分样
6 921.05	孔洞方解石(CC)	-2.00	-11.80	常规分样
6 921.05	泥晶基质(M-mm)	-1.08	-6.47	原位微区
6 921.05	孔洞方解石(C-mm)	-2.36	-10.48	原位微区
6 921.28	灰岩基质(LM)	-1.20	-7.20	常规分样
6 921.28	孔洞方解石(CC)	-1.70	-10.40	常规分样
6 921.63	灰岩基质(LM)	-1.10	-7.80	常规分样
6 964.05	灰岩基质(LM)	-1.30	-7.70	常规分样
6 967.53	灰岩基质(LM)	-1.40	-7.50	常规分样
6 969.19	灰岩基质(LM)	-1.50	-7.90	常规分样
	孔洞方解石(CC)	-2.40	-12.20	常规分样
	泥晶基质(M-mm)	-0.90	-6.91	原位微区
	孔洞方解石(C-mm)	-1.86	-13.25	原位微区
	孔洞方解石(C-mm)	-2.17	-10.72	原位微区
6 969.64	灰岩基质(LM)	-0.90	-7.40	常规分样
	孔洞方解石(CC)	-2.10	-11.40	常规分样
	泥晶基质(M-mm)	-0.57	-6.93	原位微区

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表 3 塔里木盆地塔深1井中寒武统阿瓦塔格组不同类型白云石碳氧同位素分析结果

Table 3. Results of carbon and oxygen isotopes of different dolomite types in Awatage Formation in well Tashen1, Tarim Basin

样品深度/m	分析对象	δ¹³C_VPDB/‰	δ¹⁸O_VPDB/‰	取样方法
7 873.93	基质，粉晶—细晶白云石(MMD)	0.98	-3.89	原位微区
	基质，粉晶—细晶白云石(MMD)	0.83	-4.22	原位微区
	基质，粉晶—细晶白云岩(MD)	1.20	-4.70	常规分样
	孔洞白云石胶结物(CD)	0.70	-5.50	常规分样
7 875.70	孔洞白云石胶结物(CD)	0.80	-7.70	常规分样
7 875.79	基质，细晶白云石(MMD)	0.43	-6.74	原位微区
	基质，细晶白云石(MMD)	0.53	-5.03	原位微区
	孔洞充填的晚期白云石胶结物(MCD2)	-1.10	-5.66	原位微区
	孔洞充填的晚期白云石胶结物(MCD2)	-0.19	-5.01	原位微区
7 875.86	基质，粉晶白云岩(MD)	0.40	-6.30	常规分样
7 875.86	孔洞白云石胶结物(CD)	-0.60	-6.20	常规分样
8 405.30	基质，粉晶白云岩(MD)	0.90	-4.50	常规分样
8 405.52	粉晶云岩孔洞鞍状白云石胶结物(SD)^[41]	-0.60	-13.00	常规分样
8 406.50	基质，粉晶白云岩(MD)	0.40	-5.60	常规分样
8 406.50	孔洞白云石胶结物(CD)	0.50	-6.90	常规分样
8 406.60	基质，粉晶白云岩(MD)	0.60	-5.10	常规分样
8 406.60	孔洞白云石胶结物(CD)	-0.50	-10.10	常规分样
8 406.95	基质，泥晶—粉晶白云石(MMD)	1.15	-4.17	原位微区
		1.37	-3.90	原位微区
		1.10	-4.44	原位微区
		1.06	-4.63	原位微区
		1.17	-4.35	原位微区
	孔洞边缘早期白云石胶结物(MCD1)	1.13	-4.16	原位微区
		1.18	-4.00	原位微区
		0.95	-4.62	原位微区
		0.39	-6.38	原位微区
		0.95	-4.62	原位微区
		0.87	-4.64	原位微区
	孔洞充填的晚期白云石胶结物(MCD2)	-0.40	-8.54	原位微区
		-0.57	-6.90	原位微区
		-1.15	-8.23	原位微区
		-1.10	-7.90	原位微区
		-0.34	-7.08	原位微区
		-0.32	-6.81	原位微区
	基质，细晶白云岩(MD)	1.20	-4.90	常规分样
	孔洞白云石胶结物(CD)	0.80	-5.70	常规分样
8 407.50	裂缝—孔洞鞍形白云石胶结物(SD)	-2.10	-13.00	常规分样
8 407.50	粉晶白云岩孔洞鞍状白云石胶结物(SD)^[41]	-0.90	-12.50	常规分样
8 407.55	粉晶白云岩孔洞鞍状白云石胶结物(SD)^[41]	-0.80	-11.60	常规分样
8 407.90	基质，泥粉晶白云石(MMD)	0.52	-5.44	原位微区
	基质，泥粉晶白云石(MMD)	0.72	-4.81	原位微区
	孔洞充填的晚期白云石胶结物(MCD2)	-1.11	-6.11	原位微区
8 408.50	基质，细—中晶白云岩(MD)	0.50	-6.10	常规分样
	基质，细晶云岩(MD)	0.70	-5.00	常规分样
	孔洞白云石胶结物(CD)	0.70	-10.90	常规分样

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