渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷古近系异常高压成因及其与陆相页岩油富集的关系

马晓潇; 黎茂稳; 胡克珍; 陶国亮; 钱门辉; 曹婷婷; 刘鹏; 李志明; 蒋启贵; 李政

doi:10.11781/sysydz202301145

渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷古近系异常高压成因及其与陆相页岩油富集的关系

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202301145

马晓潇^{1, 2,},
黎茂稳^{1, 2},
胡克珍³,
陶国亮^{1, 2},
钱门辉^{1, 2},
曹婷婷^{1, 2},
刘鹏^{1, 2},
李志明^{1, 2},
蒋启贵^{1, 2},
李政⁴

1.
页岩油气富集机理与有效开发国家重点实验室，江苏无锡 214126
2.
中国石化石油勘探开发研究院，北京 102206
3.
加拿大联邦地质调查局，阿尔伯塔卡尔加里 T2L 2A7
4.
中国石化胜利油田分公司，山东东营 257015

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目“中国中西部典型盆地陆相页岩油形成演化与富集机理” 42090022

详细信息

作者简介:
马晓潇(1989—)，女，博士，高级工程师，从事烃源岩多样性与有效性评价研究。E-mail: maxiaoxiaocool@163.com

中图分类号: TE122.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-01-29
- 修回日期: 2022-12-12
- 刊出日期: 2023-01-28

Abnormal pressure genesis and its relationship with continental shale oil accumulation in Paleogene, Jiyang Depression, Bohai Bay Basin

MA Xiaoxiao^{1, 2
,},
LI Maowen^{1, 2},
HU Kezhen³,
TAO Guoliang^{1, 2},
QIAN Menhui^{1, 2},
CAO Tingting^{1, 2},
LIU Peng^{1, 2},
LI Zhiming^{1, 2},
JIANG Qigui^{1, 2},
LI Zheng⁴

1.
State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Development, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214126, China
2.
SINOPEC Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute, Beijing 102206, China
3.
Geological Survey of Canada, Calgary, Alberta T2L 2A7, Canada
4.
SINOPEC Shengli Oilfield Company, Dongying, Shandong 257015, China

摘要

摘要: 为了探索渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷地层异常压力对页岩油富集的影响，运用全岩X-衍射分析、常规热解生烃潜力分析和有机地球化学系统分析等方法，研究了4口页岩油专探井古近系的单井地层压力结构、泥页岩岩相、有机质成烃演化、黏土矿物转化、烃类滞留—次生孔隙和微裂缝分布的关系。研究区靠近洼陷中部的古近系沙河街组沙三中、下亚段和沙四上亚段岩相组合以碳酸盐岩为主，而靠近凹陷边缘以碎屑岩/化学岩混合沉积组合为主。利用声波测井、密度测井和钻录井资料，可有效识别单井压力结构和异常高压特征，并揭示生烃洼陷区以碳酸盐—黏土矿物组合为主的富有机质页岩中地层孔隙压力的影响因素。综合应用地球化学证据证实，济阳坳陷古近系地层超压主要来源于成熟泥页岩的生烃增压，泥页岩自源超压段与滞留烃高峰段及次生孔隙发育带相对应。
- 陆相页岩油 /
- 细粒沉积岩 /
- 异常高压 /
- 声波测井 /
- 渤海湾盆地
Abstract: In order to explore the effect of abnormal pressure on shale oil accumulation in the Jiyang Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, the formation pressure distribution, muddy shale lithofacies, hydrocarbon generation evolution of organic matters, clay mineral conversion, hydrocarbon retention, and the distribution of secondary pores and microfractures in each of four exploration wells specially for Paleogene shale oil were studied by total rock X-ray diffraction analysis, conventional pyrolysis analysis on hydrocarbon generation potential, systematic analysis on organic geochemistry, and other methods. In the study area, the lithofacies association in middle and lower submembers of the third member (Es₃^middle and Es^lower)₃, and upper submember of the fourth member (Es₄^upper) of Paleogene Shahejie Formation adjacent to subsag center is mainly carbonate rocks, while near sag margin, there are primarily mixed sediments of clastic rocks/chemical rocks. Based on the data from sonic, density and drilling loggings, pressure distribution and abnormal pressure characteristics in single well could be identified effectively; in addition, the factors that affect formation pore pressure in organic shale containing major association of carbonate and clay minerals could be uncovered. Comprehensive application of geochemical evidences confirmed that Paleogene overpressure in the Jiyang Depression was mainly originated from hydrocarbon generation pressurization in mature muddy shale. Self-source overpressure intervals in muddy shale are in correspondence with the zones of secondary pore development and peak hydrocarbon retention.
- continental shale oil /
- fine-granular sedimentary rocks /
- abnormal pressure /
- sonic logging /
- Bohai Bay Basin

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图 1 渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷古近系沙河街组烃源岩的全岩矿物组成及其与有机相的关系

有机相A.干酪根类型Ⅰ-S/Ⅱ-S型(适用于海相和陆相富碳酸盐岩—蒸发岩体系)；B.干酪根类型Ⅱ型为主；C.干酪根类型Ⅰ型为主(仅适用于陆相淡水沉积体系)；D/E.干酪根类型Ⅲ型为主，主要生源为植物角质层、树脂、木质素和细菌；F.干酪根类型Ⅲ型为主，主要生源为木质素，详见参考文献[40]

Figure 1. Relationship between total rock mineral composition and organic facies of source rocks in Paleogene Shahejie Formation, Jiyang Depression, Bohai Bay Basin

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图 2 渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷四口页岩油专探井中两类岩相样品岩石物理参数

黑色和蓝色代表湖相样品，而红色和紫色代表边缘相样品

Figure 2. Petrophysical parameters of two lithofacies types in four exploration wells specially for shale oil in Jiyang Depression, Bohai Bay Basin

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图 3 渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷4口页岩油探井的声波测井、密度测井和部分钻录井曲线

AC为声波时差曲线，V_AC为根据垂直校正后测井声波速度，RHOB为密度测井曲线；P_H为静水压力梯度，P_M为泥浆重量压力趋势；绿色虚线为可能的层段地温梯度趋势线，黑色虚线为正常压实趋势线

Figure 3. Curves of sonic and density loggings and a part of drilling and mud logging in four shale oil exploration wells in Jiyang Depression, Bohai Bay Basin

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图 4 渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷页岩油探井岩心样品的镜质体反射率随深度变化趋势

Figure 4. Variation trends of R_o with burial depth in core samples from shale oil exploration wells in Jiyang Depression, Bohai Bay Basin

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图 5 渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷页岩油探井岩心样品热解参数随深度变化趋势

Figure 5. Variation trends of pyrolysis parameters with burial depth in core samples from shale oil exploration wells in Jiyang Depression, Bohai Bay Basin

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图 6 渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷页岩油探井岩心样品生物标志物参数、甲基菲指数和热解参数随深度变化趋势

Figure 6. Variation trends of biomarker parameters, methylphenanthrene index and pyrolysis parameters, with burial depth in core samples from shale oil exploration wells in Jiyang Depression, Bohai Bay Basin

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图 7 渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷沾化凹陷罗家地区黏土矿物组成随深度变化趋势

Figure 7. Variation trends of clay mineral composition with burial depth in Luojia area, Zhanhua Sag, Jiyang Depression, Bohai Bay Basin

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表 1 渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷页岩油探井各层段岩心样品全岩矿物X-衍射矿物百分含量统计

Table 1. Statistics on total rock mineral percentages by X-ray diffraction in core samples from every interval of shale oil exploration wells in Jiyang Depression, Bohai Bay Basin %

井名	层位	岩性	样品数/个	黏土矿物			石英			钾长石			斜长石			碳酸盐矿物
井名	层位	岩性	样品数/个	最小值	最大值	平均值	最小值	最大值	平均值	最小值	最大值	平均值	最小值	最大值	平均值	最小值	最大值	平均值
樊页1	沙三中亚段	泥页岩	43	24	45	34.4	17	28	23.5			2.0	2	5	3.2	24	52	35.3
	沙三下亚段	泥页岩	379	6	62	24.2	10	57	23.7	1	5	1.8	1	19	3.2	5	80	46.0
	沙四纯上亚段	泥页岩	358	2	57	6.7	2	51	24.7	1	5	3.0	1	35	5.0	3	95	51.1
	沙四纯下亚段	泥页岩	19	3	39	12.3	3	60	19.6				1	22	6.0	10	90	60.3
利页1	沙三下亚段	泥页岩	51	16	51	32.4	9	38	24.2	1	3	2.0	2	9	4.4	8	70	35.7
利页1	沙四纯上亚段	泥页岩	28	6	39	25.8	13	36	25.2				2	11	4.8	12	78	42.5
牛页1	沙三下亚段	泥页岩	10	11	32	21.2	12	41	24.0				1	25	3.3	18	75	48.0
	沙四纯上亚段	泥页岩	33	4	59	23.1	7	45	22.3			2.0	1	22	5.1	5	72	46.4
	沙四纯下亚段	泥页岩	6	13	52	34.2	8	28	17.7				3	11	7.5	10	76	37.7
罗69	沙三中亚段	泥页岩	12	11	48	24.8	15	29	23.6				1	4	2.6	19	64	44.8
	沙三下亚段	泥页岩	190	5	45	19.1	5	45	18.0	1	2	1.1	1	8	1.4	12	89	57.8
	沙四纯上亚段	泥页岩	12	2	24	9.3	3	47	16.3						0.0	33	93	72.3

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表 2 渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷4口页岩油探井各层段钻井、录井参数统计

Table 2. Statistics on drilling and mud logging parameters in each interval of four shale oil exploration wells in Jiyang Depression, Bohai Bay Basin

井名	井段/m	层位	DC指数	地层压力梯度/(MPa·hm^-1)	破裂压力梯度/(MPa·hm^-1)	岩石密度/(g·cm^-3)	压实情况	裂缝发育段深度/m	含油层深度/m
樊页1 (FY1)	160.0~2 010.0	平原组—沙一段	0.10~1.44	1.03	1.34~2.04	0.10~.44	正常压实	2 883.0~3 270.5
	2 010.0~3 278.0	沙一段—沙四上纯上亚段	0.52~2.60	1.03	1.82~2.12	2.13~2.37	正常压实
	3 278.0~622.0	沙四上纯上—沙四下亚段	0.23~1.72	1.15	2.03~2.10	2.38~2.46	欠压实		3 441.0~3 492.0
利页1 (LY1)	301.0~1 755.0	明化镇组—东营组	0.42~1.33	1.03	1.10~1.85		正常压实
	1 755.0~3 570.0	东营组—沙三下亚段	0.80~1.21	1.03	1.65~2.05	2.00~2.45	正常压实		3 171.8~3 198.1； 3 292.7~3 299.9； 3 322.2~3 325.7； 3 389.1~3 391.1； 3 397.7~3 399.0；
	3 570.0~3 924.0	沙三下—沙四下亚段	1.52~2.03	1.03	1.95~2.15	2.35~2.70	正常压实		3 872.6~3 879.1； 3 898.6~3 899.9
牛页1 (NY1)	351.0~1 850.0	明化镇组—东营组	0.42~1.54	1.03	1.01~2.13		正常压实	3 316.0~3 538.0
	1 850.0~3 340.0	东营组—沙四上纯上亚段	0.66~2.22	1.03	1.37~2.21	2.00~2.29	正常压实		2 977.0~3 052.0
	3 340.0~3 548.0	沙四上纯上—沙四下亚段	1.53~2.34	1.10~1.20	1.90~2.22	2.10~2.40	欠压实		3 389.7~3 486.0
罗69 (L69)	157.3~2 200.7	平原组—东营组	0.29~2.24	1.03	1.72~2.11	2.04~2.22	正常压实
	2 200.7~2 770.0	东营组—沙二段	0.57~1.54	1.03	2.04~2.10	2.04~2.22	正常压实		2 690.0~2 692.0； 2 762.0~2 763.0；
	2 770.0~3 390.0	沙二段—沙四下亚段	0.23~1.72	1.11~1.65	1.90~2.19	2.17~2.45	欠压实	3 010.3~3 130.8	3 010.3~3 130.8

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