中国页岩油资源评价方法与资源潜力探讨

郭秋麟; 米石云; 张倩; 王建

doi:10.11781/sysydz202303402

中国页岩油资源评价方法与资源潜力探讨

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202303402

中国石油勘探开发研究院, 北京 100083

基金项目:

中国石油天然气股份有限公司科学研究与技术开发项目 2021DJ18

重大科技专项 2019E-2601

中国石油天然气集团公司“十四五”科技专项 2021DJ31

详细信息

作者简介:
郭秋麟(1963—)，男，博士，教授级高级工程师，长期从事油气资源评价及油气勘探方面的工作。E-mail: qlguo@petrochina.com.cn

中图分类号: TE155
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-09-26
- 修回日期: 2023-04-04
- 刊出日期: 2023-05-28

Assessment methods and potential of shale oil resources in China

Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China

摘要

摘要: 鉴于我国页岩油在类型划分、评价方法、评价参数标准和资源潜力预测等方面存在较大分歧的现状，将页岩油划分为夹层页岩油、纯页岩油和原位转化页岩油三大类。根据这三大类页岩油明显不同的赋存与形成特征，分别建立了相应的容积法、基于热解烃S₁含量体积法、基于氢指数变化的生烃量法资源量计算方法模型，并确定各种方法模型的关键参数及参数下限标准，最后按照统一的参数标准评价了我国主要盆地页岩层系的三大类页岩油资源量。我国纯页岩油、夹层页岩油、原位转化页岩油地质资源量分别为145.4×10⁸, 95.1×10⁸，708.2×10⁸ t, 可采资源量分别为9.4×10⁸，7.1×10⁸，460.3×10⁸ t。评价结果表明，我国页岩油资源丰富，是推动国内原油增产稳产的重要接替领域。
- 参数标准 /
- 资源评价方法 /
- 资源潜力 /
- 夹层页岩油 /
- 纯页岩油 /
- 原位转化页岩油
Abstract: In view of the large differences in type classification, assessment methods, evaluation parameters and resource potential prediction of shale oil in China, shale oil is classified into three categories: interlayer shale oil, pure shale oil and in-situ converted shale oil. According to the obviously different occurrence and formation characteristics of the three types of shale oil, the corresponding resource calculation method models, respectively named volume method, volume method based on pyrolysed hydrocarbon S₁ content and hydrocarbon generation quantity method based on hydrogen index variation, were put forward, and the key parameters and their lowest threshold standards of each model were determined. Finally, the three categories of shale oil resources in the major basins in China were evaluated according to the unified parameter criterion. The in-place resources of pure shale oil, interlayer shale oil and in-situ converted shale oil are 145.4×10⁸ t, 95.1×10⁸ t and 708.2×10⁸ t, respectively, and the recoverable resources are 9.4×10⁸ t, 7.1×10⁸ t and 460.3×10⁸ t, respectively. The evaluation results show that China is rich in shale oil resources, which is an important replacement field to promote domestic crude oil production increase and stabilization.
- parameter criterion /
- resource assessment method /
- resource potential /
- interlayer shale oil /
- pure shale oil /
- in-situ converted shale oil

HTML全文

图 1 鄂尔多斯盆地评价区延长组7段页岩氢指数I_{H, pd}与R_o的关系^[24]

Figure 1. Relationship between hydrogen index I_{H, pd} and R_o of shale in Chang 7 member of Yanchang Formation in evaluation area of Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 鄂尔多斯盆地延长组7段储层孔隙度、渗透率与含油气性关系^[24]

Figure 2. Relationship between porosity, permeability and hydrocarbon-bearing property of reservoirs in Chang 7 member of Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 不同学者或机构对中国页岩油资源评价结果

Table 1. Assessment results of shale oil resources in China by different scholars or institutions

页岩油地质资源量/10⁸ t	页岩油技术可采资源量/10⁸ t	R_o/%	参考文献
100		＞1.0	赵文智等(2020)^[26]
	700~900	＜1.0	赵文智等(2020)^[26]
3 722	74~372	＞0.5	金之钧等(2019)^[27]
200		＞1.0	杜金虎等(2019)^[23]
	＞100	＞0.5	李玉喜等(2011)^[28]
	43.7		EIA(2015)^[29]
	30~60		邹才能等(2013)^[30]

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表 2 页岩油分类

Table 2. Shale oil classification

层系	粉砂岩、细砂岩、碳酸盐岩累计厚度占层系厚度比/%	岩性	单层厚度及R_o	类型
富有机质页岩层系	＜30	粉砂岩、细砂岩、碳酸盐岩	单层厚度≥5 m	致密油(非页岩油)
		粉砂岩、细砂岩、碳酸盐岩	单层厚度＜5 m	夹层页岩油
		泥页岩	R_o≥0.8%	纯页岩油
		泥页岩	R_o＜0.8%	原位转化页岩油

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表 3 纯页岩油与夹层页岩油评价参数下限标准

Table 3. Lowest threshold standards for evaluation parameters of pure shale oil and interlayer shale oil

页岩油类型	关键评价参数取值下限
纯页岩油	无S₁平面分布图：w(TOC)≥2.0%，R_o≥0.8%，页岩厚度≥5 m；具备S₁平面分布图：S₁＞1.0 mg/g(S₁未恢复轻烃损失)，页岩厚度≥5 m
夹层页岩油	夹层厚度≥5 m；平均孔隙度≥4%；含油饱和度≥30%
页岩+ 夹层页岩油	页岩层：w(TOC)≥2.0%，R_o≥0.8%；夹层：平均孔隙度≥4%，含油饱和度≥30%；页岩层+夹层厚度≥5 m
注：表中数据据郭秋麟等^[24]修改。

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表 4 鄂尔多斯盆地延长组页岩样品热模拟实验结果

Table 4. Thermal simulation experiment results of shale samples from Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin

样品	w(TOC)/%	S₁/(mg·g^-1)	S₂/(mg·g^-1)	R_o/%	总产量/(kg·t^-1)	产油量/(kg·t^-1)	产气量/(m³·t^-1)	(油/总资源当量)/%	残留S₂/(mg·g^-1)	I_{H, pd}/(mg·g^-1)	I_{H, end}/(mg·g^-1)
LI 38-1	23.70	4.06	79.88	0.8	54	36	22.50	66.67	29.94	337.05	126.33
LI 38-2	23.70	4.06	79.88	0.8	65	47	22.50	72.31	18.94	337.05	79.92
HJF-out	24.73	6.29	115.62	0.5	73	52	26.00	71.23	48.91	467.53	197.78
平均值	24.04	4.80	91.79	0.7	64	45	23.67	70.07	32.60	380.54	134.67

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表 5 中国典型层系页岩油资源潜力

Table 5. Shale oil resource potential of typical formations in China

盆地	层系	页岩油类型	面积/km²	平均厚度/m	资源丰度/(10⁴ t·km^-2)	单储系数/(10⁴ t·km^-2·m^-1)	地质资源量/10⁸ t
鄂尔多斯盆地	延长组长7₃亚段	夹层	17 006	8.3	16.3	1.96	27.73
		纯页岩	24 724	32.6	15.8	0.48	39.07
		原位转化	16 932	27.8	204.2	7.35	345.80
松辽盆地北部	青山口组一段	夹层型	650	8.0	48.5	6.06	3.15
	青山口组二段	夹层型	840	25.0	66.2	2.65	5.56
	青山口组一段	纯页岩	14 481	34.3	36.1	1.05	52.23
	嫩江组	原位转化	8 166	47.7	323.2	6.80	263.90
准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷	芦草沟组	夹层(上甜点)	518	12.7	92.5	7.28	4.79
		夹层(下甜点)	910	14.5	79.1	5.46	7.20
		纯页岩	828	204.7	43.8	0.21	3.63
		原位转化	516	12.5	126.0	10.08	6.50
注：本文资源量定义采用《油气矿产资源储量分类：GB/T 19492－2004》标准，下同。

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表 6 中国页岩油资源潜力

Table 6. Shale oil resource potential in China

类型	盆地/层系	地质资源量/10^8/t	可采资源量/10⁸ t	可采系数/%	经济性
纯页岩油	鄂尔多斯/长7₃亚段	39.1	2.0	5	除青山口组高演化、高含气页岩油外，其他部分目前还不具备经济开采价值
	松辽北部/青山口组一段	52.2	4.7	9
	准噶尔/芦草沟组	3.6	0.2	5
	其他	50.5	2.5	5
	合计	145.4	9.4	6.5
夹层页岩油	鄂尔多斯/长7₃亚段	27.7	2.2	8	资源较集中的层系已初步具备经济开采价值
	松辽北部/青山口组一段、二段	8.7	0.6	7
	准噶尔/芦草沟组	12.0	1	8
	其他	46.7	3.3	7
	合计	95.1	7.1	7.5
原位转化页岩油	鄂尔多斯/长7₃亚段	345.8	224.8	65	今后5年到10年，科学技术获得重大突破后，这部分资源才真正具备开采价值
	松辽北部/嫩江组	263.9	171.5	65
	准噶尔/芦草沟组	6.5	4.2	64
	其他	92.0	59.8	65
	合计	708.2	460.3	65

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