基于氮气吸附实验与分形FHH模型分析页岩孔隙结构特征——以鄂尔多斯盆地华池地区长7段为例

安成; 柳广弟; 孙明亮; 游富粮; 王子昕; 曹玉顺

doi:10.11781/sysydz202303576

基于氮气吸附实验与分形FHH模型分析页岩孔隙结构特征——以鄂尔多斯盆地华池地区长7段为例

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202303576

安成^{1, 2,},
柳广弟^{1, 2, ,},
孙明亮^{1, 2},
游富粮^{1, 2},
王子昕^{1, 2},
曹玉顺^{1, 2}

1.
中国石油大学(北京) 地球科学学院，北京 102249
2.
油气资源与探测国家重点实验室，北京 102249

基金项目:

中国石油天然气集团有限公司—中国石油大学(北京)战略合作科技专项 ZLZX2020-02

详细信息

作者简介:
安成(1996—)，男，硕士生，从事油气藏形成机理、分布规律和非常规油气研究。E-mail: 13101643903@163.com

通讯作者:
柳广弟(1961—)，男，博士，教授，从事油气藏形成与分布等方面的教学与科研工作。E-mail: lgd@cup.edu.cn

中图分类号: TE348
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-09-02
- 修回日期: 2023-04-13
- 刊出日期: 2023-05-28

Analysis of shale pore structure characteristics based on nitrogen adsorption experiment and fractal FHH model: a case study of 7th member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in Huachi area, Ordos Basin

AN Cheng^{1, 2
,},
LIU Guangdi^{1, 2
, ,},
SUN Mingliang^{1, 2},
YOU Fuliang^{1, 2},
WANG Zixin^{1, 2},
CAO Yushun^{1, 2}

1.
College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China

摘要

摘要: 孔隙结构是页岩储层研究的重点，对页岩油的赋存具有重要影响。选取鄂尔多斯盆地华池地区延长组7段的10块泥页岩岩心样品，通过扫描电镜观察及低温氮气吸附实验，结合分形FHH模型，计算分形维数，对研究区泥页岩的孔隙结构进行定量化表征，并在此基础上探讨分形维数与孔隙结构参数、含油性参数的关系，确定长7段泥页岩孔隙发育的主要影响因素。华池地区长7段泥页岩有机质丰度高，属于好—极好烃源岩，含油性与可动性较好，多达到中含油级别，主要由石英与黏土矿物组成；储集空间以粒间孔、粒内孔及少量有机质孔为主，孔隙形态有两类，分别为平行板状狭缝形+单边狭缝形及墨水瓶形+平行板状狭缝形，孔径以微孔和中孔为主，宏孔发育较少。多数样品具有分形特征，表征小孔隙的分形维数D₁介于2.264 7~2.714 9之间，表征大孔隙的分形维数D₂介于2.373 3~2.777之间。其中，D₂同比表面积、孔体积、平均孔径及S₁的相关性较好，可以表征孔隙结构发育特征和页岩的含油性；而D₁仅可表征页岩油的可动性。泥页岩的孔隙发育主要受控于有机碳及石英含量，与长石含量有一定的关系，黏土矿物含量不是主要的影响因素。
- 分形FHH模型 /
- 孔隙结构 /
- 氮气吸附实验 /
- 长7段 /
- 延长组 /
- 三叠系 /
- 鄂尔多斯盆地
Abstract: Pore structure, as the focus of shale reservoir research, has important influence on the occurrence of shale oil. In this paper, 10 shale core samples from the 7th member of Triassic Yanchang Formation (Chang 7 member) in Huachi area, Ordos Basin were selected to carry out scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation and low-temperature nitrogen adsorption experiment, and the fractal dimension was calculated to quantitatively characterize the pore structure of shale in the research area combined with fractal FHH model. On this basis, the relationship between fractal dimension and pore structure parameters and oil-bearing parameters was discussed, and the main influencing factors of pore development of shale in the Chang 7 member were determined. The results show that the shale of the Chang 7 member in Huachi area has high organic matter abundance, which are good-to-excellent source rocks mainly composed of quartz and clay minerals, with good oil-bearing property (up to the middle oil-bearing level) and mobility. The reservoir space is dominated by intergranular pores, intragranular pores and a small amount of organic pores. There are two types of pore morphology, namely, parallel plate-shaped slit+unilateral slit and ink bottle-shaped + parallel plate-shaped slit. The pores are mainly micropores and mesopores, with macropores less developed. Most samples have fractal characteristics. The fractal dimension D₁ of small pores is between 2.264 7 and 2.714 9, and the fractal dimension D₂ of large pores is between 2.373 3 and 2.77 7. Among them, D₂ has a good correlation with surface area, pore volume, average pore diameter and S₁, which can characterize the development characteristics of pore structure and oil-bearing property of shale, while D₁ can only characterize the mobility of shale oil. The pore development of shale is mainly controlled by TOC and quartz content, and has a certain relationship with feldspar content, while clay mineral content is not the main influencing factor.
- fractal FHH model /
- pore structure /
- nitrogen adsorption experiment /
- Chang 7 member /
- Yanchang Formation /
- Triassic /
- Ordos Basin

HTML全文

图 1 鄂尔多斯盆地构造单元划分(a)及延长组长7段地层发育特征(b)

Figure 1. Division of tectonic units in Ordos Basin (a) and stratigraphic development characteristics of 7th member of Yanchang Formation (b)

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图 2 鄂尔多斯盆地华池地区延长组长7段页岩样品的矿物组成特征

Figure 2. Mineral composition characteristics of shale samples from 7th member of Yanchang Formation in Huachi area, Ordos Basin

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图 3 鄂尔多斯盆地华池地区延长组长7段页岩样品的主要孔隙类型

Figure 3. Main pore types of shale samples from 7th member of Yanchang Formation in Huachi area, Ordos Basin

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图 4 鄂尔多斯盆地华池地区延长组长7段页岩样品的吸附—脱附曲线特征

Figure 4. Characteristics of adsorption-desorption curves of shale samples from 7th member of Yanchang Formation in Huachi area, Ordos Basin

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图 5 鄂尔多斯盆地华池地区延长组长7段页岩样品的孔径分布特征

Figure 5. Pore size distribution characteristics of shale samples from 7th member of Yanchang Formation in Huachi area, Ordos Basin

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图 6 鄂尔多斯盆地华池地区延长组长7段页岩样品分形维数的拟合曲线

Figure 6. Fitting curves of fractal dimension of shale samples from 7th member of Yanchang Formation in Huachi area, Ordos Basin

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图 7 鄂尔多斯盆地华池地区延长组长7段页岩样品的分形维数与孔隙结构参数之间的关系

Figure 7. Relationship between fractal dimension and pore structure parameters of shale samples from 7th member of Yanchang Formation in Huachi area, Ordos Basin

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图 8 鄂尔多斯盆地华池地区延长组长7段页岩样品的分形维数与含油性参数的关系

Figure 8. Relationship between fractal dimension and oil-bearing parameters of shale samples from 7th member of Yanchang Formation in Huachi area, Ordos Basin

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图 9 鄂尔多斯盆地华池地区延长组长7段页岩样品的孔隙发育影响因素分析

Figure 9. Influencing factors on pore development of shale samples from 7th member of Yanchang Formation in Huachi area, Ordos Basin

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表 1 鄂尔多斯盆地华池地区延长组长7段页岩样品的地球化学特征

Table 1. Geochemical characteristics of shale samples from 7th member of Yanchang Formation in Huachi area, Ordos Basin

样品号	深度/m	岩性	ω(TOC)/%	氯仿沥青“A”/%	S₁/(mg·g^-1)	OSI/(mg·g^-1)	T_max/℃
cq137	2 011.06	黑色泥岩	6.46	0.78	1.95	30.20	453
cq5	2 512.56	黑色页岩夹凝灰岩	17.88	0.69	3.97	22.20	459
cq6	2 476.35	黑色页岩	2.75	0.42	2.59	94.08	454
cq7	2 458.50	黑色页岩	11.16	0.61	3.77	33.78	456
dq282	1 743.18	灰色泥岩夹薄层砂岩	0.74	0.14	0.12	16.27	453
q217	1 804.80	灰黑色泥岩	23.24	1.11	7.97	34.29	445
q304	2 050.50	灰黑色泥岩	2.90	0.62	2.10	72.56	448
q308	2 055.62	灰黑色泥岩	2.31	0.54	2.59	112.22	445
q314	2 063.86	灰黑色泥岩	4.00	0.84	3.69	92.30	441
q33	1 992.50	灰黑色泥岩	0.68	0.11	0.28	41.00	454

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表 2 鄂尔多斯盆地华池地区延长组长7段页岩样品的孔隙结构特征

Table 2. Pore structure characteristics of shale samples from 7th member of Yanchang Formation in Huachi area, Ordos Basin

样号	孔隙结构参数			孔隙特征
样号	比表面积/(m²·g^-1)	总孔体积/(10^-3 cm³·g^-1)	平均孔径/nm	孔隙形态	孔径集中分布范围
cq137	1.84	5.79	8.74	平行板状狭缝形+单边狭缝形	较大的中孔
cq5	0.64	2.15	27.21	平行板状狭缝形+单边狭缝形	较大的中孔
cq6	3.34	6.11	8.67	墨水瓶形+平行板状狭缝形	微孔+中孔
cq7	0.78	3.19	29.87	平行板状狭缝形+单边狭缝形	较大的中孔
dq282	11.62	14.74	7.17	墨水瓶形+平行板状狭缝形	微孔+中孔+宏孔
q217	0.44	1.78	18.36	墨水瓶形+平行板状狭缝形	较大的中孔
q304	2.78	10.17	22.10	墨水瓶形+平行板状狭缝形	微孔+中孔
q308	4.17	6.33	7.16	墨水瓶形+平行板状狭缝形	微孔+中孔+宏孔
q314	4.99	8.24	7.75	墨水瓶形+平行板状狭缝形	微孔+中孔
q33	10.54	16.12	8.17	墨水瓶形+平行板状狭缝形	微孔+中孔

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表 3 鄂尔多斯盆地华池地区延长组长7段页岩样品的氮气吸附实验计算的分形维数

Table 3. Fractal dimension calculated by nitrogen adsorption experiment of shale samples from 7th member of Yanchang Formation in Huachi area, Ordos Basin

样号	P/P₀＜0.5			P/P₀＞0.5
样号	拟合方程	R²	D₁	拟合方程	R²	D₂
cq137	y=0.862 6x-5.420 8	0.521 3	3.862 6	y=-1.232 7x-7.194 6	0.870 1	1.767 3
cq5	y=0.022 8x-3.626 8	0.011 6	3.022 8	y=-0.626 7x-4.537	0.968 2	2.373 3
cq6	y=-0.512 7x-0.741 2	0.942 1	2.487 3	y=-0.245 6x-0.691 4	0.977 0	2.754 4
cq7	y=-0.285 1x-1.487 1	0.642 9	2.714 9	y=-0.272 2x-1.849 7	0.953 0	2.727 8
dq282	y=-0.367 8x+0.449 3	0.996 0	2.632 2	y=-0.253 4x+0.493 6	0.984 0	2.746 6
q217	y=-0.330 2x-3.057 4	0.889 4	2.669 8	y=-0.607 1x-3.327 2	0.996 6	2.392 9
q304	y=-0.412 7x+1.078 3	0.997 9	2.587 3	y=-0.227 9x+1.165 3	0.985 7	2.772 1
q308	y=-0.647 8x-1.244 3	0.960 3	2.352 2	y=-0.331 2x-1.156 9	0.982 0	2.668 8
q314	y=-0.735 3x-0.670 9	0.935 5	2.264 7	y=-0.414x-0.676 5	0.987 6	2.586 0
q33	y=-0.468 6x+0.503 7	0.995 7	2.531 4	y=-0.223x+0.642 1	0.969 9	2.777 0

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