准噶尔盆地哈山地区二叠系风城组细粒沉积特征与演化模式

李振明; 熊伟; 王斌; 宋振响; 宋梅远; 孙中良; 于洪洲; 周健; 吴小奇

doi:10.11781/sysydz202304693

准噶尔盆地哈山地区二叠系风城组细粒沉积特征与演化模式

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202304693

李振明^{1, 2, 3,},
熊伟⁴,
王斌^{1, 2, 3},
宋振响^{1, 2, 3},
宋梅远⁴,
孙中良^{1, 2, 3},
于洪洲⁴,
周健⁴,
吴小奇^{1, 2, 3}

1.
中国石化石油勘探开发研究院无锡石油地质研究所，江苏无锡 214126
2.
页岩油气富集机理与有效开发国家重点实验室, 江苏无锡 214126
3.
中国石化油气成藏重点实验室，江苏无锡 214126
4.
中国石化胜利油田分公司勘探开发研究院，山东东营 257015

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 42172149

国家自然科学基金项目 U2244209

中国石化科技部项目 P21077-1

中国石化科技部项目 P22132

详细信息

作者简介:
李振明(1994—)，男，硕士，研究实习员，从事油气成藏与资源评价研究。E-mail: lizhm2020.syky@sinopec.com

中图分类号: TE121.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-04-07
- 修回日期: 2023-06-17
- 刊出日期: 2023-07-28

Fine-grained sedimentary characteristics and evolution model of Permian Fengcheng Formation in Hashan area, Junggar Basin

LI Zhenming^{1, 2, 3
,},
XIONG Wei⁴,
WANG Bin^{1, 2, 3},
SONG Zhenxiang^{1, 2, 3},
SONG Meiyuan⁴,
SUN Zhongliang^{1, 2, 3},
YU Hongzhou⁴,
ZHOU Jian⁴,
WU Xiaoqi^{1, 2, 3}

1.
Wuxi Research Institute of Petroleum Geology, SINOPEC, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214126, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Development, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214126, China
3.
SINOPEC Key Laboratory of Petroleum Accumulation Mechanisms, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214126, China
4.
Exploration & Development Research Institute, Shengli Oilfield Company, SINOPEC, Dongying, Shandong 257015, China

摘要

摘要: 准噶尔盆地西北缘哈山地区地质条件复杂，勘探难度大，明确该地区二叠系风城组烃源岩沉积与演化特征对拓展盆缘油气勘探具有重要意义。基于全岩XRD、元素地球化学、有机质丰度、薄片鉴定和岩相组合特征，开展了玛湖凹陷和哈山地区风城组沉积特征与岩性、岩相组合差异分析，恢复了该区古沉积环境演化序列，建立了古沉积演化模式。哈山地区风城组岩相组合特征及古沉积环境演化序列与玛湖凹陷高度相似，整体为火山背景下的碱湖多源混合细粒沉积建造，发育多种岩相组合，沉积古环境具有阶段性演化特征。哈山地区风二段典型碱性矿物的大量出现，揭示该地区发育除玛湖凹陷外的另一湖盆中心。风一段沉积时湖平面相对较高，水体盐度较低，气候半干旱，火山沉积发育，岩相以含有机质块状凝灰岩为主；风二下段沉积时湖盆开始萎缩，气候相对更干旱，水体开始变咸，环境更局限，岩相以富有机质层状云质泥岩为主；风二段顶部和风三段下部沉积时环境相对最封闭，水体盐度大，发育大量碱性矿物，岩相以富有机质纹层状含碱云质泥岩和富有机质纹层状混合质页岩为主；风三段上部沉积时陆源碎屑输入增多，咸化减弱，发育扇三角洲沉积体系，岩相以含有机质块状粉细砂岩为主。风城组沉积环境控制了有机质的富集程度，总体上，碎屑输入少、温暖湿润、盐度相对较小的深水环境更有利于有机质富集。
- 细粒沉积 /
- 岩相 /
- 沉积环境 /
- 风城组 /
- 二叠系 /
- 哈山地区 /
- 准噶尔盆地
Abstract: The geological conditions of Hashan area on the northwestern margin of the Junggar Basin are complicated and it is difficult to explore. It is of great significance to clarify the sedimentary and evolutionary characte-ristics of source rocks in the Permian Fengcheng Formation in this area for expanding oil and gas exploration on the basin margin. Based on the analysis of whole-rock XRD, elemental geochemistry, organic matter abundance, thin section identification, and lithofacies association characteristics, this paper conducted a comparative analysis of the sedimentary characteristics, lithology, and lithofacies association characteristics of the Fengcheng Formation in the Mahu Sag and Hashan area, restored the ancient sedimentary environment evolution sequence in the study area, and established a model of ancient sedimentary evolution. The research results show that the lithofacies association characteristics and ancient sedimentary environment evolution sequence of the Fengcheng Formation in the Hashan area are highly similar to those in the Mahu Sag, which are generally fine-grained sediments mixed from multiple sources in an alkaline lake with a volcanic background, and various lithofacies associations are developed. The sedimentary paleoenvironment has phased evolution characteristics. The large number of typical alkaline minerals in the second member of Fengcheng Formation in Hashan area reveals the development of another lake basin center in addition to the Mahu Sag. During the deposition of the first member of Fengcheng Formation (P₁f¹), the lake level was relatively higher, the water salinity was low, the climate was semi-arid, and volcanic sedimentation was developed, with lithofacies mainly composed of organic-rich blocky tuffaceous limestone. In the lower part of the second member of Fengcheng Formation (P₁f²), the basin began to shrink, the climate became relatively drier, the water became saltier, the environment became more limited, and the lithofacies were mainly organic-rich layered dolomitic mudstone. In the top of the P₁f² and the lower part of the third member of Fengcheng Formation (P₁f³), the environment was relatively closed, the water salinity was higher, a large number of alkaline minerals were developed, and the lithofacies were mainly organic-rich layered alkaline dolomitic mudstone and organic-rich layered mixed shale. In the upper part of P₁f³, the input of terrigenous debris increased, salinization weakened, a fan-delta system was developed, and the lithofacies were mainly organic-rich blocky fine sandstone. The sedimentary environment of the Fengcheng Formation has a controlling effect on organic matter enrichment. Overall, a deep-water environment with less input of debris, warm and humid conditions, and relatively lower salinity is more conducive to organic matter enrichment.
- fine-grained sediment /
- lithofacies /
- sedimentary environment /
- Fengcheng Formation /
- Hasan area /
- Junggar Basin /
注释:

利益冲突声明/Conflict of Interests

所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。

All authors disclose no relevant conflict of interests.

作者贡献/Authors’ Contributions

王斌和熊伟参与实验设计；李振明完成实验操作；宋梅远和孙中良参与实验数据整理和分析；于洪洲和周健参与实验结果可视化；李振明和宋振响参与论文写作和修改；吴小奇参与论文修改。所有作者均阅读并同意最终稿件的提交。

The study was designed by WANG Bin and XIONG Wei. The experimental operation was completed by LI Zhenming. The experimental data were organized and analyzed by SONG Meiyuan and SUN Zhongliang. YU Hongzhou and ZHOU Jian participated in the visualization of the experimental results. The manuscript was drafted and revised by LI Zhenming and SONG Zhenxiang. WU Xiaoqi participated in the revision of paper. All the authors have read the last version of paper and consented for submission.

HTML全文

图 1 准噶尔盆地西北缘哈山—玛湖地区地质概况(a)、简要地层柱状图(b)及典型地质剖面(c)

据参考文献[12, 19]修改。

Figure 1. Geological profile (a), stratigraphic histogram (b) and typical geological profile (c) of Hashan-Mahu area on the northwestern margin of Junggar Basin

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图 2 准噶尔盆地哈山地区二叠系风城组典型岩石和矿物

a.灰色含砾细砂岩，HSX1井，P₁f³，3 305.5 m；b.灰白色层状含碱泥岩，HS5井，P₁f²，4 640.8 m；c.白色盐岩(纯碱)，HS5井，P₁f²，4 797 m；d.灰白色块状泥质白云岩，HSX4井，P₁f²，2 175 m；e.灰色纹层状砂/灰混积岩，HS5井，P₁f²，4 458 m；f.灰黑色块状杏仁状玄武岩，HS5井，P₁f¹，5 475 m。

Figure 2. Typical rocks and minerals of Permian Fengcheng Formation in Hashan area, Junggar Basin

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图 3 准噶尔盆地哈山地区二叠系风城组不同层段岩石类型含量比例

Figure 3. Content ratio of rock types in different strata of Permian Fengcheng Formation in Hashan area, Junggar Basin

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图 4 准噶尔盆地哈山地区二叠系风城组主要岩相类型、特征及纵向分布

a.HSX1，3 347.5 m，P₁f³，富有机质纹层状粉砂质页岩，单偏光；b.为a不同视域下照片，单偏光；c.为a不同视域下照片，正交偏光；d. HS1，2 099 m，P₁f²，富有机质纹层状砂/灰混合质页岩；e-f.为d不同视域下照片，正交偏光；g.HS5，4 457 m，P₁f²，含有机质层状碱质泥岩，单偏光；h.为g同视域正交偏光照片；i.HS5，P₁f²，4 644.8 m，含白云石凝灰质硅硼钠石盐岩；j.HQ6，2 542.1 m，P₁f²，含有机质块状泥质白云岩，单偏光；k-l.为j同视域正交偏光照片；m.HQ6，1 563.8 m，P₁f³，含有机质块状含凝灰细粉砂岩，正交偏光；n.为m同视域单偏光照片；o.HS5，P₁f¹，5 137.51 m，沉凝灰岩，单偏光；p.HSX1，P₁f¹，4 293.5 m，安山岩，正交偏光；q.HSX1，P₁f¹，4 293.5 m，安山岩，单偏光；r.HSX1，P₁f¹，4 294.5 m，安山岩，正交偏光；s.HS5，P₁f¹，5 474 m，杏仁状玄武岩，单偏光；t.为s杏仁状隐晶质—玻璃质斑晶，正交偏光；u.为s长柱状—板条状斜长石微晶基质，正交偏光。

Figure 4. Main lithofacies types, characteristics and vertical distribution of Permian Fengcheng Formation in Hashan area, Junggar Basin

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图 5 准噶尔盆地哈山地区HSX1井二叠系风城组元素地球化学特征与沉积古环境演化

Figure 5. Element geochemical characteristics and sedimentary paleoenvironment evolution of Permian Fengcheng Formation of well HSX1 in Hashan area, Junggar Basin

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图 6 准噶尔盆地哈山—玛湖地区二叠系风城组烃源岩评价的TOC—(S₁+S₂)图版(a)和I_H—T_max图版(b)

Figure 6. TOC-(S₁+S₂) chart (a) and I_H-T_max chart (b) for source rock evaluation of Permian Fengcheng Formation in Hashan-Mahu area, Junggar Basin

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图 7 准噶尔盆地哈山地区二叠系风城组沉积环境对有机质富集的影响

Figure 7. Influence of sedimentary environment on organic matter enrichment of Permian Fengcheng Formation in Hashan area, Junggar Basin

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图 8 准噶尔盆地哈山—玛湖地区二叠系风城组沉积演化模式示意

Figure 8. Sedimentary evolution model of Permian Fengcheng Formation in Hashan-Mahu area, Junggar Basin

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