页岩中单体有机质孔隙演化的原位热模拟实验

席斌斌; 潘安阳; 鲍芳; 卢龙飞; 曹涛涛; 王晔; 马中良; 刘显

doi:10.11781/sysydz2023051016

页岩中单体有机质孔隙演化的原位热模拟实验

doi: 10.11781/sysydz2023051016

席斌斌^{1, 2, 3,},
潘安阳^{1, 2, 3, ,},
鲍芳^{1, 2, 3},
卢龙飞^{1, 2, 3},
曹涛涛⁴,
王晔⁵,
马中良^{1, 2, 3},
刘显^{1, 2, 3}

1.
中国石化油气成藏重点实验室, 江苏无锡 214126
2.
页岩油气富集机理与高效开发全国重点实验室, 江苏无锡 214126
3.
中国石化石油勘探开发研究院无锡石油地质研究所, 江苏无锡 214126
4.
湖南科技大学页岩气资源利用与开发湖南省重点实验室, 湖南湘潭 411201
5.
长安大学西部矿产资源与地质工程教育部重点实验室, 西安 710054

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金青年基金 42002136

国家自然科学基金 42072156

企业创新发展联合项目 U19B6003-03

详细信息

作者简介:
席斌斌(1981-), 男, 硕士, 高级工程师, 从事流体包裹体地质学等研究。E-mail: xibb.syky@sinopec.com

通讯作者:
潘安阳(1986-), 男, 博士, 高级工程师, 从事烃源岩有机地球化学研究。E-mail: panay.syky@sinopec.com

中图分类号: TE135
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-10-28
- 修回日期: 2023-06-16
- 刊出日期: 2023-09-28

In-situ thermal simulation experiment of single organic matter pore evolution in shale

XI Binbin^{1, 2, 3
,},
PAN Anyang^{1, 2, 3
, ,},
BAO Fang^{1, 2, 3},
LU Longfei^{1, 2, 3},
CAO Taotao⁴,
WANG Ye⁵,
MA Zhongliang^{1, 2, 3},
LIU Xian^{1, 2, 3}

1.
SINOPEC Key Laboratory of Petroleum Accumulation Mechanisms, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214126, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Efficient Development, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214126, China
3.
Wuxi Research Institute of Petroleum Geology, SINOPEC, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214126, China
4.
Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Shale Gas Resource Exploitation, Hunan Universityof Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, China
5.
Key Laboratory of Western Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering of Ministryof Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China

摘要

摘要: 有机质孔隙是我国南方页岩气重要的储集空间，而有机质类型与有机质孔隙发育息息相关。为实现单体有机质孔隙演化过程的原位观测，揭示下古生界页岩显微组分热解过程中的孔隙演化过程，以低成熟度的美国俄亥俄上奥陶统页岩以及欧洲波罗的海东部下志留统页岩为研究对象，联合运用飞秒激光、冷热台、显微镜以及扫描电镜等技术，实现页岩中单体有机质孔隙演化过程的原位观测，进而辨别不同类型有机质的孔隙发育过程和演化规律。对低成熟度的“倾气”型笔石以及“倾油”型层状藻类体孔隙热演化过程的原位观测分析结果表明：(1)笔石的体积开始发生明显变化的起始温度要高于层状藻类体，生烃演化要晚于层状藻类体；(2)笔石和层状藻类体在热演化过程中均形成了明显的收缩缝，但就形成收缩缝的规模而言，笔石明显较小，生烃转化率要低于层状藻类体；(3)笔石与层状藻类体内部孔隙的演化存在明显的差异，笔石原有的生物组织孔在高温阶段发生了明显的扩容并且有新的内部孔隙生成，而层状藻类体在整个热演化过程中并未形成内部孔隙，证实了“生气窗”是有机质孔隙大量发育的主要阶段。有机质组成以及结构的不同可能是造成上述两种有机质孔隙演化过程存在差异的主要原因。
- 单体有机质 /
- 孔隙演化 /
- 原位观测 /
- 热模拟实验
Abstract: Organic matter pores is the most important shale reservoir space in South China, and the types of organic matter influence the formation and evolution process of organic matter pores. In order to achieve in-situ observation of the pore evolution process of single organic matter and reveal the pore evolution process during the pyrolysis of the macerals of the Lower Paleozoic shale, this paper focuses on the low-maturity Upper Ordovician shale from Ohio, USA and the Lower Silurian shale in the eastern Baltic Sea, Europe. By using femtosecond laser, cooling-heating stage, microscope and SEM techniques, the in-situ observation of pore evolution of the single organic matters in shale can be realized, and the pore development process and evolution law of different types of organic matters can be distinguished. The in-situ observation results of pore thermal evolution process of low-maturity "gas-prone" graptolite and "oil-prone" lamalginite show that: (1) The initial temperature of obvious volume change of graptolite is higher than that of lamalginite, which infers that the hydrocarbon generation of graptolite is later than that of lamalginite. (2) Both graptolite and lamalginite generated obvious shrinkage cracks during thermal evolution process, but the scale of shrinkage cracks of graptolite is smaller than that of lamalginite, indicating that the hydrocarbon-generating transformation ratio of graptolite is lower than that of lamalginite. (3) There is an obvious difference between graptolite and lamalginite in the evolution of internal pores: the intrinsical biopores of graptolite were enlarged and some new internal pores were formed during the high temperature stage, but no new internal pores of lamalginite were observed during the whole process of thermal evolution, which infers that "gas-generating window" is the main stage of organic matter pore development. Moreover, the difference in the composition and structure of organic matters may be the main reason for the difference in pore evolution of graptolite and lamalginite.
- single organic matter /
- pore evolution /
- in-situ observation /
- thermal simulation experiment
注释:

利益冲突声明/Conflict of Interests

所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。

All authors disclose no relevant conflict of interests.

作者贡献/Authors’ Contributions

席斌斌和潘安阳参与实验设计；席斌斌、潘安阳、鲍芳和卢龙飞完成实验操作；曹涛涛、王晔、马中良和刘显参与论文写作和修改。所有作者均阅读并同意最终稿件的提交。

The study was designed by XI Binbin and PAN Anyang. The experimental operation was completed by XI Binbin, PAN Anyang, BAO Fang and LU Longfei. The manuscript was drafted and revised by CAO Taotao, WANG Ye, MA Zhongliang and LIU Xian. All the authors have read the last version of paper and consented for submission.

HTML全文

图 1 原位热模拟实验样品O-1和G-3显微照片

a-d为样品O-1，e-f为样品G-3；a, b，e为显微镜下照片，c, d，f为扫描电镜下照片。

Figure 1. Micro-photographs of sample O-1 and G-3 for in-situ thermal simulation experiment

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 原位热模拟实验过程中笔石形貌演化过程显微照片

a-l为O-1中单体笔石照片，其中a-f为电镜下照片，i-l为显微镜下照片；m-p为G-3中单体笔石电镜照片。

Figure 2. Micro-photographs of morphological evolution of graptolite during in-situ thermal simulation experiment

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 原位热模拟实验G-3样品层状藻类体形态演化过程

a-f为电镜下照片，h-p为显微镜下照片。

Figure 3. Micro-photographs of morphological evolution of lamalginite in sample G-3 during in-situ thermal simulation experiment

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 原位热模拟实验中笔石孔隙演化过程电镜照片

a-f为O-1样品中单体笔石照片，其中b-f为a中箭头所示部位的放大照片，b-f中的红点为同一位置；g-i为G-03样品中单体笔石局部照片。

Figure 4. Scanning electronic microscope photographs of pore evolution of graptolite during in-situ thermal simulation experiment

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

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