Methods and key parameters for oil and gas resource assessment and distribution characteristics of oil and gas resource: a case study of resource assessment of SINOPEC during the 13th Five-Year Plan period
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摘要: 在油气资源评价方法研究与优选的基础上，建立了针对中国石化探区“常规—非常规”以及“地质—经济—生态”2个一体化的“十三五”油气资源评价方法流程和技术体系。研究了油气资源评价关键参数，包括基于TSM盆地模拟技术构建了适用于我国不同类型盆地/地区烃源岩完整的生—排—滞留烃演化模式、产率模型；建立了基于典型刻度区解剖的资源评价关键参数获取方法和评价指标。通过对近50个盆地/地区全部含油气层系(震旦系—第四系)的系统评价，落实了中国石化矿权区常规油气、致密油气、页岩油气以及煤层气等7种不同类型油气的地质资源，明确了其油气资源的经济可采性和生态环境影响程度。通过资源分布特征研究，进一步明确了下一步勘探领域和方向，指出深层—超深层是常规油气的主攻方向，非常规尤其是页岩油气是未来我国油气增储上产的重要领域，海域探区也具备广阔的勘探前景。同时，资源评价结果为油公司“十四五”规划和勘探部署提供了重要依据。
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关键词:
- TSM盆地模拟 /
- 常规—非常规一体化 /
- 地质—经济—生态评价一体化 /
- 油气资源评价
Abstract: Based on the research and optimization of oil and gas resource assessment methods, a comprehensive oil and gas resource assessment method process and technical system, which integrated assessment of conventional and unconventional resources as well as assessment of geological, economic and ecological aspects, were established for SINOPEC-controlled exploration areas during the 13th Five-Year Plan period. The study focused on the key parameters for resource assessment, including a complete hydrocarbon generation-expulsion-retention evolution model and productivity model applicable to different types of source rocks in different basins/regions in China based on TSM basin simulation technology, and a key parameter acquisition method and assessment indicators for resource assessment based on typical calibrated unit dissection. Through systematic assessment of all oil and gas bearing layers (from Sinian system to Quaternary system) of nearly 50 basins/regions in SINOPEC-controlled exploration areas, the geological resources of seven different types of oil and gas, including conventional oil and gas, tight oil and gas, shale oil and gas, and coalbed methane were assessed, which clarified the economical recoverability and environmental impact of oil and gas resources. By studying the resource distribution characteristics, the future exploration areas and directions were further clarified. It is indicated that the deep-ultra deep layers are the main focus for conventional oil and gas exploration, while unconventional resources, especially shale oil and gas, are important areas for increasing oil and gas reserves and production in the future. The sea exploration area also has broad exploration prospects. At the same time, the results of resource assessment provide important basis for the planning and exploration deployment of oil companies during the 14th Five-Year Plan period. -
图 1 中国石化“十三五”油气资源评价技术路线
Figure 1. Resource assessment technology roadmap of SINOPEC during the 13th Five-Year Plan period
图 2 海相不同类型烃源岩完整的生—排—滞留烃演化曲线
Figure 2. Complete evolution curves of hydrocarbon generation-expulsion-retention in different types of marine source rocks
图 3 生态环境允许程度评价流程及内容
Figure 3. Assessment process and content of ecological environment permissibility
图 4 中国石化探区不同盆地资源量分布
Figure 4. Distribution of oil and gas resources in different basins in SINOPEC-controlled exploration areas
图 5 中国石化东部探区(a)和中西部探区(b)常规油气深度分布与探明情况
Figure 5. Depth distribution and approved resources rate of conventional oil and gas in the east (a) and midwest (b) exploration area of SINOPEC
图 6 塔里木盆地中国石化探区常规油气深度分布与探明情况
Figure 6. Depth distribution and approved resources rate of conventional oil and gas in SINOPEC-controlled exploration area in Tarim Basin
图 7 中国石化陆域探区非常规油气地质资源量构成与探明情况
Figure 7. Composition and approved resources rate of unconventional oil and gas geological resources in land exploration area of SINOPEC
图 8 中国石化海域油气地质资源量构成与探明情况
Figure 8. Composition and approved resources rate of oil and gas geological resources in sea exploration area of SINOPEC
图 9 中国石化海域常规油(a)、常规气(b)深度分布
Figure 9. Depth distribution of conventional oil (a) and gas (b) in sea exploration area of SINOPEC
图 10 中国石化探区常规油(a)、常规气(b)在不同油价下待探明可采资源量经济性分布
Figure 10. Economic distribution of unconfirmed recoverable resources for conventional oil (a) and gas (b) in SINOPEC-controlled exploration areas at different oil prices
图 11 中国石化探区石油(a)、天然气(b)待探明可采资源量经济性分布比例
Figure 11. Economic distribution proportion of unconfirmed recoverable resources for oil (a) and natural gas (b) in SINOPEC-controlled exploration areas
图 12 中国石化陆域探区石油(a)、天然气(b)资源量生态评价结果分布比例
Figure 12. Distribution proportion of ecological assessment resources for oil (a) and natural gas (b) in land exploration area of SINOPEC
表 1 全国“十三五”常规、非常规油气资源评价方法
Table 1. Conventional and unconventional oil and gas resource assessment methods during the 13th Five-Year Plan period
资源类型 方法分类 方法名称 常规油气 类比法 资源丰度类比法 统计法 油藏规模序列法、油气藏发现过程模型法、广义帕莱托法等 成因法 盆地模拟法、氯仿沥青“A”法等 非常规油气 致密油气 类比法 EUR类比法、分级资源丰度类比法 统计法 小面元容积法、快速评价法 页岩油气 类比法 EUR类比法，资源丰度类比法等 统计法 体积法、容积法 成因法 产烃率法 煤层气 类比法 资源丰度类比法 统计法 体积法、采收率法等 注：资料据自然资源部(2017年)。 
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表 2 中国石化探区“十三五”常规油气资源评价方法应用情况
Table 2. Application status of conventional oil and gas resource assessment methods in SINOPEC-controlled exploration areas during the 13th Five-Year Plan period
资评方法大类 具体资评方法 关键参数 应用的盆地/地区 成因法 TSM盆地模拟法 盆地原型序列、“三史”模拟参数、生排烃产率、运聚系数等 北部湾、渤海湾、柴达木、东海陆架、江汉、南华北、南襄、琼东南、四川及周缘、松辽、塔里木、吐哈、焉耆、银额、中扬子、准噶尔、鄂尔多斯、二连、南黄海、苏北 有机碳质量平衡法 有机质丰度及恢复系数、类型、生排烃产率、运聚系数等 巴马、百色、保山、博乐、敦煌、景谷、六盘山、陆良、南方外围、四川及周缘、吐哈、伊犁、曲靖、二连、阜阳、南黄海、思茅 氯仿沥青“A”法 氯仿沥青“A”含量、排烃系数、运聚系数等 北部湾、江汉、南华北、三江、下扬子、伊犁、弋阳 产烃率法/化学动力学法 频率因子、活化能、地层温度等，生油气产率、运聚系数等 渤海湾、鲁西南、南华北、松辽、塔里木、突泉、下扬子、银额、鄂尔多斯 统计法 地质帕莱托法 油气藏规模序列(最大、最小)、发现年份、油气藏分布模型等 百色、渤海湾、东海陆架、江汉、南襄、松辽、塔里木、鄂尔多斯、二连、苏北 油藏规模序列法 百色、渤海湾、东海陆架、江汉、四川及周缘、二连、苏北 类比法 面积丰度类比法 评价面积、资源丰度、类比系数等 百色、保山、北部湾、渤海湾、柴达木、东海陆架、江汉、景谷、陆良、南方外围、琼东南、三江、四川及周缘、松辽、塔里木、突泉、银额、中扬子、准噶尔、曲靖、鄂尔多斯、南黄海、苏北 专家法 多组评价结果、权重赋值 四川、苏北
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表 3 中国石化探区“十三五”非常规油气资源评价方法应用情况
Table 3. Application status of unconventional oil and gas resource assessment methods in SINOPEC-controlled exploration areas during the 13th Five-Year Plan period
油气类型 资评方法大类 具体资评方法 关键参数 应用的盆地/地区 致密油气 成因法 TSM盆地模拟法 盆地原型序列、“三史”模拟参数、生排烃产率、运聚系数等 四川、鄂尔多斯 统计法 体积法 面积、厚度、油/气密度、含油/气饱和度等 鄂尔多斯、南方外围、中扬子 曲面积分法 四川及周缘 分级容积法 面积、厚度、油/气密度、含油/气饱和度等、分级标准 四川及周缘 类比法 分级资源丰度类比法 面积、分级资源丰度、类比系数 四川及周缘、南方外围 面积丰度类比法 面积、资源丰度、类比系数 四川、鄂尔多斯、沁水、银额、中扬子 页岩油 成因法 TSM盆地模拟法 盆地原型序列、“三史”模拟参数、滞留油产率、游离系数等 江汉、松辽、苏北 热解“S1”法 “S1”含量及恢复系数、吸附比例 渤海湾、鄂尔多斯、江汉、松辽、苏北 氯仿沥青“A”法 沥青“A”含量及恢复系数、吸附比例 渤海湾、江汉、苏北 统计法 容积法/小面元法 面积、厚度、密度、含油饱和度等 鄂尔多斯、江汉、松辽 类比法 面积丰度类比法 面积、资源丰度、类比系数 江汉 页岩气 成因法 TSM盆地模拟法 盆地原型序列、“三史”模拟参数、源内气产率、存滞系数等 中扬子、松辽、四川盆地 有机质质量平衡法 有机质丰度及恢复系数、烃气产率、保存系数等 渤海湾、中扬子 统计法 容积法/体积法 面积、厚度、密度、含气饱和度等 南方外围、南华北、四川及周缘、中扬子 含气量法 面积、厚度、密度、含气量等 四川及周缘、松辽 类比法 EUR类比法 面积、单井EUR、产率递减模型等 四川及周缘 分级资源丰度类比法 面积、分级资源丰度、类比系数 四川及周缘 面积丰度类比法 面积、资源丰度、类比系数 南方外围、南华北、四川及周缘、中扬子、 煤层气 体积法 体积法 面积、厚度、密度、含气量等 沁水、天山、河西走廊、滇东黔西、川南黔北、桂中、湘中、苏浙皖边界地区、浙赣边界地区、长江中下游
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