塔里木盆地西南地区前寒武纪基底结构及其演化

曹自成; 蒋华山; 张俊程; 耿峰; 沙旭光; 郝建龙; 李通; 郭小文; 陶泽

doi:10.11781/sysydz202305844

塔里木盆地西南地区前寒武纪基底结构及其演化

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202305844

曹自成^1,,
蒋华山¹,
张俊程²,
耿峰¹,
沙旭光¹,
郝建龙¹,
李通²,
郭小文²,
陶泽^{2, 3, ,}

1.
中国石化西北油田分公司, 乌鲁木齐 830011
2.
中国地质大学(武汉) 构造与油气资源教育部重点实验室, 武汉 430074
3.
长江大学油气资源与勘探技术教育部重点实验室, 武汉 430100

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金联合基金项目 U20B6001

详细信息

作者简介:
曹自成(1979-), 男, 博士, 高级工程师, 从事油气勘探工作研究。E-mail: caozc.xbsj@sinopec.com

通讯作者:
陶泽(1989-), 男, 博士, 讲师, 从事油气地质和构造地质研究。E-mail: taoze@yangtzeu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TE121.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-05-04
- 修回日期: 2023-09-13
- 刊出日期: 2023-09-28

Structure and evolution of Precambrian basement in southwestern Tarim Basin

1.
Northwest Oilfield Branch Company, SINOPEC, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
3.
Key Laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources, Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Wuhan, Hubei 430100, China

摘要

摘要: 随着塔里木盆地西南地区深层油气勘探的深入，其前寒武纪基底结构和演化如何影响前寒武纪地层发育及其分布的相关研究具有重要的意义。目前对塔西南前寒武纪基底结构特征缺乏系统全面的认识，制约着该区超深层油气勘探的进一步推进。基于前人的研究成果，采用地质-地球物理综合研究方法，结合前寒武纪基底测年结果，对塔西南地区前寒武纪基底岩性、年龄、结构和演化进行了分析。塔西南前寒武纪基底结构在巴楚隆起区表现为古生界直接上覆在古元古界变质岩/花岗岩之上，在麦盖提斜坡—西南坳陷表现为典型的三层结构，最底部为古元古代变质岩/花岗岩，上覆为南华纪裂陷—震旦纪坳陷演化过程的沉积建造。塔西南前寒武纪基底演化主要经历了5个阶段，即哥伦比亚大陆裂解期(＞1.1 Ga)、塔西南地块与澳大利亚板块聚合期(约1.0 Ga)、南—北塔里木地块聚合期(900~800 Ma)、南华纪裂陷期(760~640 Ma)和震旦纪坳陷期(＜635 Ma)。其中，南华纪裂陷期的隆坳结构控制了震旦系—下寒武统的发育。对塔西南地区前寒武纪基底结构和演化的认识，可为该区深层油气勘探提供重要的理论基础，有助于推动超深层油气勘探的进一步发展。
- U-Pb定年 /
- 基底结构 /
- 基底演化 /
- 前寒武纪 /
- 塔西南地区 /
- 塔里木盆地
Abstract: The intensifying exploration for deep-buried oil and gas reserves in the southwestern Tarim Basin accelerates the necessity to understand how the structure and evolution of the Precambrian basement affect the development and distribution of Precambrian strata. However, the lack of systematic and comprehensive understanding of the structural characteristics of the Precambrian basement in the southwestern Tarim Basin restricts further advancements in the exploration of ultra-deep oil and gas reserves in this area. Based on the previous research results, this study analyzed the lithology, age, structure, and evolution of the Precambrian basement in the southwestern Tarim Basin by utilizing integrated research methods of geology and geophysics and in combination with the U-Pb dating results of the Precambrian basement. The results reveal that the structure of the Precambrian basement in the Bachu uplift region is characterized by Paleozoic strata overlying directly on the Paleo-proterozoic metamorphic rocks/granites. In the Maigaiti slope and southwestern depression, it exhibits a typical three-tier structure: the Paleoproterozoic metamorphic rocks/granites at the bottom, overlain by sedimentary build-ups from the rifting to depression evolution of the Nanhua-Sinian system. Evolution of the Precambrian basement in the southwestern Tarim Basin was primarily transpired in five phases: continental rifting in the Columbia supercontinent (> 1.1 Ga), assembly of the southwestern Tarim block and the Australian plate (about 1.0 Ga), assemblage between the northern and southern Tarim blocks (900-800 Ma), Nanhua rifting period (760-640 Ma), and Sinian depression period (< 635 Ma). The uplift and downwarping structures during the Nanhua rifting period dictated the development of the Sinian-Lower Cambrian sedimentary strata. In-depth research into the structure and evolution of the Precambrian basement in the southwestern Tarim Basin, as presented in this study, provides important theoretical basis for deep oil and gas exploration in the region, and helps to promote further development of ultra-deep oil and gas exploration.
- U-Pb dating /
- basement structure /
- basement evolution /
- Precambrian /
- southwestern Tarim Basin /
- Tarim Basin
注释:

利益冲突声明/Conflict of Interests

所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。

All authors disclose no relevant conflict of interests.

作者贡献/Authors’Contributions

曹自成、蒋华山、耿峰、沙旭光、郝建龙及郭小文参与实验设计；张俊程、李通及陶泽完成实验操作；曹自成、陶泽和张俊程参与论文写作，所有作者均参与了文章的修改。所有作者均阅读并同意最终稿件的提交。

The study was designed by CAO Zicheng, JIANG Huashan, GENG Feng, SHA Xuguang, HAO Jianlong, and GUO Xiaowen. The experimental operation was completed by ZHANG Juncheng, LI Tong and TAO Ze. The manuscript was drafted by CAO Zicheng, TAO Ze and ZHANG Juncheng and revised by all the authors. All the authors have read the last version of paper and consented for submission.

HTML全文

图 1 塔里木盆地西南地区构造单元划分、地层柱状图及本文数据分布

Figure 1. Structural units and stratigraphic column of southwestern Tarim Basin, and data used in this study

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图 2 塔里木盆地巴楚隆起前寒武纪地层样品显微特征

Pl为斜长石；Px为辉石；Q为石英；Ol为橄榄石；Kfs为钾长石；Bt为黑云母。

Figure 2. Microscopic features of Precambrian basement samples from Bachu uplift, Tarim Basin

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图 3 塔里木盆地西南地区前寒武纪基底样品典型锆石阴极发光图像

BC1-03等为“井-锆石编号”，红色圆圈为激光剥蚀位置；图片下方数据为测试点的年龄测试结果。

Figure 3. Representative CL images of zircon grains of Precambrian basement samples from southwestern Tarim Basin

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图 4 塔里木盆地西南地区前寒武纪基底样品U-Pb锆石谐和年龄(左图)及稀土元素球粒陨石标准化模式(右图)

Figure 4. U-Pb concordia diagrams (left) and corresponding chondrite normalized REE patterns of zircons (right) of Precambrian basement samples from southwestern Tarim Basin

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图 5 塔里木盆地西南地区电测深剖面和地震剖面解释(一)

电测深剖面(a)和对应的地震剖面(b, c)均显示南华纪裂陷及震旦纪坳陷的反射结构特征。T90为寒武系底界面；T74为中下奥陶统顶面反射；Nh为南华系。

Figure 5. Interpreted Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) and seismic profiles (Ⅰ) of southwestern Tarim Basin

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图 6 塔里木盆地西南地区电测深剖面和地震剖面解释(二)

钻井解释MT1井及BC5井分别为花岗岩及片麻岩基底；电测深及地震剖面显示前震旦纪裂陷反射特征，震旦系的分布受到基底结构的控制，表现出坳陷期沉积特征。

Figure 6. Interpreted Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) and seismic profiles (Ⅱ) of southwestern Tarim Basin

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图 7 塔里木盆地西南地区中—新元古代构造演化

AU为澳大利亚板块；ST为南塔里木板块；NT为北塔里木板块；Nh为南华系；Z为震旦系；KSG为阿克苏群。

Figure 7. Meso- to Neo-Proterozoic evolution of southwestern Tarim Basin

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图 8 塔里木盆地西南地区BC1井碎屑锆石²⁰⁷Pb/²³⁵U年龄频谱

Figure 8. ²⁰⁷Pb/²³⁵U age spectrum of detrital zircons from well BC 1, southwestern Tarim Basin

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图 9 塔里木盆地西南地区南华纪裂谷分布^[51]

Figure 9. Distribution of Nanhuaian rift system in southwestern Tarim Basin

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