破译结核中的沉积环境和同沉积构造活动信息——以黔湘边界地区黑色岩系为例

王龙樟; 刘灵; 谢兴友; 石睿; 冯开友

doi:10.11781/sysydz202305926

破译结核中的沉积环境和同沉积构造活动信息——以黔湘边界地区黑色岩系为例

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202305926

王龙樟^1,,
刘灵^2, ,,
谢兴友³,
石睿²,
冯开友³

1.
中国地质大学(武汉) 海洋学院, 武汉 430074
2.
贵州省地质矿产勘查开发局 101地质大队, 贵州凯里 556000
3.
贵州省地质矿产勘查开发局 103地质大队, 贵州铜仁 554300

基金项目:

贵州省找矿突破战略行动重大协同创新项目“贵州稀土、钡、氟等特色资源成矿规律与找矿预测研究” 黔科合战略找矿[2022]ZD004

详细信息

作者简介:
王龙樟(1965—), 男, 博士, 教授, 从事矿产地质和沉积地质研究。E-mail: longz_wang@cug.edu.cn

通讯作者:
刘灵(1965-), 男, 高级工程师, 从事矿产勘查及基础地质调查。E-mail: liulin6303@163.com

中图分类号: TE121.3
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-02-26
- 修回日期: 2023-08-11
- 刊出日期: 2023-09-28

Decoding sedimentary environment and synsedimentary tectonic activity information in nodules: a case study of the black rock series in the border area of Guizhou and Hunan

1.
College of Marine Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
2.
Geology Team 101, Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration & Development of Guizhou Province, Kaili, Guizhou 556000, China
3.
Geology Team 103, Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration & Developmentof Guizhou Province, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China

摘要

摘要: 黑色岩系赋存油气、煤、页岩气等能源资源和铁、锰、磷、钡等多种固体资源，沉积成藏和沉积成矿条件的恢复是资源预测的基石，古沉积环境和同沉积构造的恢复因而受到额外重视。在黔湘边界地区的黑色岩系中有大量结核，而结核对原始记录有封存特性，因此，在对野外露头剖面观察和室内显微分析的基础上，通过沉积作用—构造作用的一体化分析，发现不同层位的结核在矿物成分和结构类型上差别很大：(1)上震旦统—寒武系纽芬兰统留茶坡组(Z€l)的结核是重晶石、钙质、磷质和硅质等多成分的集合体，砾屑或砂屑结构；两层结核的胶结温度不同，直接覆盖重晶石矿的结核层温度较高；(2)寒武系第二统杷榔组(€₂p)的结核以黄铁矿为主要成分，发育三期生长构造：核心层呈草莓状结构，外面两层呈肾状结构；(3)寒武系第二统乌训组(€₂w)结核的矿物成分为钙质和黄铁矿，并以钙质为主，黄铁矿呈星点状散布其中，有四期生长构造，第一和第三期黄铁矿含量较高。从不同层位的结核中分别破译出不同的古沉积环境条件和同沉积构造的活动信息：(1)留茶坡组含重晶石结核属低温热液成因，还原环境局限在断裂带附近；(2)杷榔组黄铁矿结核形成于氧化还原界面附近，环境具备高浓度活性铁的介质条件；(3)乌训组钙质—黄铁矿结核形成于低浓度铁的周期性还原环境，推测为基底的幕式陷落引发频繁的相对海平面变化，从而导致水介质氧化还原性的频繁变化。因此，结核研究有助于重建黑色岩系的介质条件，对资源预测有重要意义。
- 结核 /
- 黑色岩系 /
- 环境介质条件 /
- 上震旦统—寒武系 /
- 黔湘边界地区
Abstract: The black rock series contains energy resources such as oil and gas, coal, shale gas, and various solid resources such as iron, manganese, phosphorus, and barium. The restoration of sedimentary reservoir formation and sedimentary mineralization conditions is the cornerstone of resource prediction, and the restoration of ancient sedimentary environments and synsedimentary tectonics has therefore received additional attention. There are a large number of nodules in the black rock series in the border area of Guizhou and Hunan, and the nodules have sealing properties on the original records. Therefore, based on the observation of exposed profiles in the field and laboratory microscopic analysis, and through the integrated analysis of sedimentation and tectonic processes, it is found that there are significant differences in mineral composition and textural types among nodules in different layers: (1) The nodules of Upper Sinian Series-Cambrian Terreneuvian Series Liuchapo Formation (Z€l) are an assemblage of multi-components such as barite, calcium, phosphorus, and silicon, with texture of gravel or sand fragments. The cementation temperature of the two nodule layers is different, and the one directly covering the barite ore is relatively higher; (2) The nodules of Cambrian Series 2 Palang Formation(€₂p) are mainly composed of pyrite and three stages of growth structure are developed: the core layer shows a framboidal texture, and the outerside two layers show a nephritic shape; (3) The nodule components of Cambrian Series 2 Wuxun Formation (€₂w) are calcium and pyrite, of which calcium is dominated, with scattered pyrite. There are four stages of growth structures, with relatively higher content of pyrite in the first and third stages. Different paleose-dimentary environmental conditions and synsedimentary tectonic activity information can be decoded from nodules at different layers: (1) The barite bearing nodules in the Liuchapo Formation belong to low-temperature hydrothermal origin, and the reduction environment is limited near the fault zone; (2) The pyrite nodules in the Palang Formation are formed near the redox interface, and the environment has medium conditions of high concentration of active iron; (3) The calcareous and pyrite nodules of the Wuxun Formation were formed in a periodic reducing environment of low concentration iron, which is speculated to be caused by frequent relative sea level fluctuation caused by episodic subsidence of the basement, leading to frequent changes in the redox properties of the water medium. Therefore, the study of nodules helps to reconstruct the medium conditions of black rock series and is of great significance for resource prediction.
- nodule /
- black rock series /
- medium conditions of environment /
- Upper Sinian-Cambrian /
- the border area of Guizhou and Hunan
注释:

利益冲突声明/Conflict of Interests

所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。

All authors disclose no relevant conflict of interests.

作者贡献/Authors’Contributions

王龙樟参加野外观测并且是主要撰写人；刘灵参加了野外测量、室内镜下分析等工作并参与部分内容的写作和修改；谢兴友部署了观测路线并参与野外测量工作；石睿和冯开友参与野外测量工作。所有作者均阅读并同意最终稿件的提交。

WANG Longzhang participated in field observation and is the main author. LIU Ling participated in field measurement, laboratory microscopy analysis, and some content writing and editing. XIE Xingyou designed observation routes and participated in field measurement work. SHI Rui and FENG Kaiyou participated in field measurement work. All the authors have read the last version of paper and consented for submission.

HTML全文

图 1 黔湘边界地区地质简图及观察点位置

1.地层界线；2.平行不整合；3.角度不整合；4.正断层；5.逆断层；6.观察点及钻孔；7.清水江组；8.平略组；9.隆里组；10.南华系；11.留茶坡组；12.寒武系第二统；13.敖溪组；14.车夫组；15.二叠系；16.侏罗系。

Figure 1. Geological sketch map of the border area of Guizhou and Hunan and location of observation points

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 黔湘边界地区地层综合柱状图

1.含砾砂泥岩(冰碛砾岩)；2.粉砂岩；3.粉砂质泥岩；4.泥岩；5.碳质粉砂质泥岩；6.碳质泥岩；7.白云岩；8.泥质白云岩；9.灰岩；10.泥质灰岩；11.硅质岩；12.重晶石矿层；13.重晶石透镜体及硅质、磷质结核。

Figure 2. Comprehensive histogram of strata in the border area of Guizhou and Hunan

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 黔东南上震旦统—寒武系纽芬兰统留茶坡组重晶石矿上覆结核层

a.凸龙山结核层，断层重力滑移；b.地妹结核层，两层结核层，其上断层逆冲滑移；c.地妹下结核层显微结构，正交偏光，10×10；d.地妹上结核层显微结构，单偏光，10×10。

Figure 3. Nodule layer overlying barite ore in the Upper Sinian Series - Cambrian Terreneuvian Series Liuchapo Formation in the southeast of Guizhou Province

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 黔东南虾麻塘寒武系杷榔组结核层

a.结核沿层分布，粉砂岩；b.三期结核，第一期葡萄状/草莓状，第二、三期同心圆状。

Figure 4. Nodule layer of the Cambrian Palang Formation in Xiamatang in the southeast of Guizhou Province

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图 5 黔东南坪能寒武系乌训组结核层

a.钙质结核顺层分布；b.浅色结核；c.两期结核：实体和印模；d.四期结核，各期间成分和结构不同；e.结核内部结构，两期重力流沉积；f.结核微观结构，反射光；g.结核显微结构，透射光，10×20。

Figure 5. Nodule layer of the Cambrian Wuxun Formation in Pingneng in the southeast of Guizhou Province

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 结核形成过程

a.留茶坡组()；b.杷榔组()；c.乌训组()；1.下伏地层；2.硅质岩；3.粉砂质泥岩；4.碳质泥岩；5.浊流沉积；6.碳酸盐岩；7.椭球状结核；8.葡萄状结核；9.自形晶体；10.断裂；11.裂隙；12.重晶石矿。

Figure 6. Schematic diagram of nodule formation processes

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