构造抬升区泥页岩脆性破裂泄压特征及对页岩油富集的影响——以延安地区延长组长7<sub>3</sub>亚段为例

张凤奇; 孙越; 刘思瑶; 李艳霞; 孙建博; 王凤琴; 刘刚; 陈红果

doi:10.11781/sysydz202305936

构造抬升区泥页岩脆性破裂泄压特征及对页岩油富集的影响——以延安地区延长组长7₃亚段为例

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202305936

张凤奇^{1, 2,},
孙越^{1, 2},
刘思瑶^{1, 2},
李艳霞^{1, 2},
孙建博³,
王凤琴^{1, 2},
刘刚³,
陈红果^{1, 2}

1.
西安石油大学地球科学与工程学院, 西安 710065
2.
西安石油大学陕西省油气成藏地质学重点实验室, 西安 710065
3.
陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司研究院, 西安 710075

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金 42172164

国家科技重大专项 2017ZX05039-001

西安石油大学创新与实践能力培养计划 YCS22214209

详细信息

作者简介:
张凤奇(1981—), 男, 博士, 教授, 本刊青年编委, 从事油气形成机制与油气成藏动力学研究。E-mail: zhangfq@xsyu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TE122.3
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-07-21
- 修回日期: 2023-08-25
- 刊出日期: 2023-09-28

Characteristics of pressure relief induced by shale brittle fracture in tectonic uplift area and its influence on shale oil enrichment: a case study of Chang 7₃ sub-member of Yanchang Formation in Yan'an area

ZHANG Fengqi^{1, 2
,},
SUN Yue^{1, 2},
LIU Siyao^{1, 2},
LI Yanxia^{1, 2},
SUN Jianbo³,
WANG Fengqin^{1, 2},
LIU Gang³,
CHEN Hongguo^{1, 2}

1.
School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, China
2.
Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Petroleum Accumulation Geology, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, China
3.
Research Institute of Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum (Group) Co., Ltd., Xi'an, Shaanxi 710075, China

摘要

摘要: 为深入认识大幅度构造抬升引起的泥页岩脆性破裂泄压特征及对页岩油富集的影响，以鄂尔多斯盆地延安地区延长组长7₃亚段为研究对象，运用改进的超压判识图版和数值模拟技术，综合考虑构造抬升过程中温度降低、孔隙回弹、超压泥页岩脆性破裂泄压等作用，定量分析了研究区目的层不同岩性地层由异常高压转变为异常低压或近常压的演化过程，进一步总结了其对页岩油富集的影响规律。研究区长7₃亚段早白垩世末期超压成因主要为生烃作用和欠压实作用，砂岩层超压主要来源于邻近烃源岩的超压传递；晚白垩世以来构造抬升引起的孔隙回弹和温度降低主导了研究区长7₃亚段砂岩异常低压的形成，脆性破裂泄压和温度降低使得长7₃亚段泥页岩形成弱超压或近常压。研究区长7₃亚段顶底两套富有机质泥页岩脆性破裂泄压时间不同步，使得顶、底2套富有机质泥页岩与其夹持的砂岩间具有较大的油气运移动力(源储过剩压力差)，其大小为16~22 MPa；同时，油气保存过程中裂缝已闭合的顶部泥页岩封盖层仍与其下覆砂岩保持着约1.42~6.80 MPa的过剩压力差，一定程度上加强了页岩层系油气的封闭能力，不同源储配置下地层压力的差异演化对页岩油的富集起到了重要控制作用。
- 构造抬升 /
- 脆性破裂 /
- 孔隙回弹 /
- 页岩油 /
- 延长组 /
- 三叠系 /
- 延安地区 /
- 鄂尔多斯盆地
Abstract: In order to gain a deeper understanding of the pressure relief characteristics of shale brittle fracture caused by large-scale tectonic uplift and its impact on shale oil enrichment, this paper, taking the Chang 7₃ sub-member of Yanchang Formation in Yan'an area of Ordos Basin as the research object, quantitatively analyzes the evolution of different lithological properties from overpressure to underpressure or near normal pressure, and further summarizes its influence on the enrichment of shale oil by utilizing the modified overpressure identification plate and numerical simulation techniques and taking into account the effects of temperature reduction, elastic rebound, and brittle rupture of overpressured shale in the process of tectonic uplift. The results show that the origins of overpressure at the end of the Early Cretaceous in the Chang 7₃ sub-member in the study area are mainly hydrocarbon generation and disequilibrium compaction, and the overpressure of the sandstone layer mainly originates from the overpressure transference from the neighboring source rocks; elastic rebound and temperature reduction due to tectonic uplift since the Late Cretaceous dominates the formation of underpressure in the Chang 7₃ sub-member sandstones in the study area, and brittle fracture pressure relief and temperature reduction lead to the formation of weak overpressure or near normal pressure in the Chang 7₃ sub-member shale. The timing of brittle fracture pressure relief of the top and bottom sets of organic-rich shale in the Chang 7₃ sub-member of the study area is not synchronized, resulting in large transport dynamics (source-reservoir excess pressure difference) between the top and bottom sets of organic-rich shale and their intercalated sandstones with magnitudes ranging from 16 to 22 MPa. Meanwhile, fractures in the top shale have closed during oil and gas preservation, and there is an excess pressure differential of about 1.42-6.80 MPa between it and the underlying sandstone, which strengthens the hydrocarbon containment capacity of the shale. Differential evolution of formation pressure under different source-reservoir configurations plays an important role in controlling shale oil enrichment.
- tectonic uplift /
- brittle fracture /
- elastic rebound /
- shale oil /
- Yanchang Formation /
- Triassic /
- Yan'an area /
- Ordos Basin
注释:

利益冲突声明/Conflict of Interests

所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。

All authors disclose no relevant conflict of interests.

作者贡献/Authors’Contributions

张凤奇和孙越参与实验设计和论文写作；刘思瑶、陈红果完成实验操作；李艳霞、孙建博、王凤琴、刘刚参与论文修改。所有作者均阅读并同意最终稿件的提交。

The manuscript was designed and written by ZHANG Fengqi and SUN Yue. The experimental operation was completed by LIU Siyao and CHEN Hongguo. The manuscript was revised by LI Yanxia, SUN Jianbo, WANG Fengqin and LIU Gang. All the authors have read the last version of paper and consented for submission.

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图 1 鄂尔多斯盆地延安地区构造位置(a)及研究井位分布(b)

Figure 1. Tectonic location of Yan'an area in Ordos Basin (a) and well location distribution (b)

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图 2 鄂尔多斯盆地延安地区岩性柱状图

Figure 2. Histogram of lithology in Yan'an area, Ordos Basin

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图 3 鄂尔多斯盆地延安地区延长组长7₃亚段岩性组合类型

Figure 3. Types of lithologic assemblages of Chang 7₃ submember of Yanchang Formation in Yan'an area, Ordos Basin

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图 4 鄂尔多斯盆地延安地区古热流随时间演化图修改自参考文献[48]。

Figure 4. Evolution of heat flow over time in Yan'an area, Ordos Basin

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图 5 鄂尔多斯盆地延安地区储层压力系数与深度关系

Figure 5. Reservoir pressure coefficient versus depth in Yan'an area, Ordos Basin

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图 6 鄂尔多斯盆地延安地区代表井泥岩压实特征

Figure 6. Mudstone compaction characteristics of representative well in Yan'an area, Ordos Basin

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图 7 鄂尔多斯盆地延安地区单井泥岩声波速度—密度交会图

Figure 7. Acoustic velocity-density cross plots of mudstone from a single well in Yan'an area, Ordos Basin

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图 8 碳质泥岩校正声波速度—密度交会图版

Figure 8. Corrected acoustic velocity-density cross plots of carbonaceous mudstone

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图 9 鄂尔多斯盆地延安地区YY22井埋藏史和热史模拟结果实测TOC和实测R_o来自于参考文献[65]。

Figure 9. Simulation results of burial history and thermal history of well YY22 in Yan'an area, Ordos Basin

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图 10 鄂尔多斯盆地延安地区YY22井长7₃亚段早白垩世末期之前的地层压力演化史

a.顶部富有机质泥页岩；b.底部富有机质泥页岩。

Figure 10. Formation pressure evolution of Chang 7₃ sub-member of well YY22 before the end of Early Cretaceous in Yan'an area, Ordos Basin

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图 11 鄂尔多斯盆地延安地区长7₃亚段泥页岩TOC与OCR门限时间关系

Figure 11. Plots of TOC versus OCR threshold time of mud shale in Chang 7₃ sub-member in Yan'an area, Ordos Basin

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图 12 鄂尔多斯盆地延安地区代表井长7₃亚段富有机质泥页岩晚白垩世以来的地层压力演化

a.YY1井顶部富有机质泥页岩；b.YY1井底部富有机质泥页岩；c.YY22井顶部富有机质泥页岩；d.YY22井底部富有机质泥页岩；e.YS2井顶部富有机质泥页岩；f.YS2井底部富有机质泥页岩。

Figure 12. Formation pressure evolution of organic-rich shale in Chang 7₃ sub-member of representative well in Yan'an area, Ordos Basin since Late Cretaceous

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图 13 鄂尔多斯盆地延安地区代表井(YY22)长7₃亚段砂岩地层压力演化示意

Figure 13. Schematic diagram of formation pressure evolution of sandstone in Chang 7₃ sub-member of representative well (well YY22) in Yan'an area, Ordos Basin

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图 14 鄂尔多斯盆地延安地区长7₃亚段页岩油富集模式

Figure 14. Map of shale oil enrichment pattern of Chang 7₃ sub-member in Yan'an area, Ordos Basin

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表 1 鄂尔多斯盆地延安地区代表井地层剥蚀量

Table 1. Erosion thickness in representative well in Yan'an area, Ordos Basin

井名	不同时期剥蚀厚度/m
井名	晚三叠世末期	早侏罗世末	晚侏罗世末	早白垩世末
YY1	60	160	220	1 150
YY22	100	135	220	1 100
YS2	155	140	200	900

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表 2 鄂尔多斯盆地延安地区代表井长7₃亚段模拟参数及其地层压力模拟结果

Table 2. Simulation parameters of Chang 7₃ sub-member of representative well and its pressure simulation results in Yan'an area, Ordos Basin

井名	岩层	ω(TOC)/%	有机质类型	岩性厚度/m	最大埋深时期生烃增压/MPa	最大埋深时期欠压实增压/MPa
YY1	顶部泥页岩	8.49	Ⅱ₁	13.8	21.48	1.52
YY1	底部泥页岩	3.26	Ⅱ₁	27.3	11.45	1.49
YY22	顶部泥页岩	4.90	Ⅱ₁	26.0	14.63	2.53
YY22	底部泥页岩	4.70	Ⅱ₁	8.0	7.94	2.46
YS2	顶部泥页岩	3.59	Ⅱ₁	11.0	13.78	2.56
YS2	底部泥页岩	3.97	Ⅱ₁	20.0	16.07	1.95

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表 3 鄂尔多斯盆地延安地区长7₃亚段不同岩性孔隙回弹和温度降低引起的降压量

Table 3. Pressure reduction due to elastic rebound and temperature reduction in Chang 7₃ sub-member in Yan'an area, Ordos Basin

井名	岩层	温度变化量/℃	温度降低引起的降压量/MPa	抬升量/m	孔隙回弹引起的降压量/MPa	计算压力系数
YY1	顶部泥页岩	88.11	4.37	1 150		1.68
YY1	底部泥页岩	89.78	4.45	1 150		1.86
YY22	顶部泥页岩	86.00	4.26	1 100		2.75
	砂岩层	86.15	12.31	1 100	10.60	0.15
	底部泥页岩	86.63	4.29	1 100		1.65
YS2	顶部泥页岩	86.73	4.30	900		1.80
	砂岩层	86.85	12.41	900	8.67	0.32
	底部泥页岩	88.20	4.37	900		1.59

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表 4 鄂尔多斯盆地延安地区长7₃亚段富有机质泥页岩OCR门限时间及脆性破裂泄压量计算结果

Table 4. Calculation results of OCR threshold time and brittle rupture pressure relief of organic-rich shale in Chang 7₃ sub-member in Yan'an area, Ordos Basin

井名	岩层	ω(TOC)/%	抬升量/m	温度降低引起的降压量/MPa	最大埋深时期古压力/MPa	OCR门限值时间/Ma	脆性破裂泄压量/MPa
YY1	顶部泥页岩	8.49	1 150	4.37	47.34	76.50	25.24
YY1	底部泥页岩	3.26	1 150	4.45	37.55	51.74	17.08
YY22	顶部泥页岩	4.90	1 100	4.26	41.04	62.51	20.32
YY22	底部泥页岩	4.70	1 100	4.29	34.44	45.16	14.82
YS2	顶部泥页岩	3.59	900	4.30	40.87	33.49	20.06
YS2	底部泥页岩	3.97	900	4.37	42.81	38.49	21.19

下载: 导出CSV

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构造抬升区泥页岩脆性破裂泄压特征及对页岩油富集的影响——以延安地区延长组长7₃亚段为例

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202305936

作者简介:
张凤奇(1981—), 男, 博士, 教授, 本刊青年编委, 从事油气形成机制与油气成藏动力学研究。E-mail: zhangfq@xsyu.edu.cn

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Characteristics of pressure relief induced by shale brittle fracture in tectonic uplift area and its influence on shale oil enrichment: a case study of Chang 7₃ sub-member of Yanchang Formation in Yan'an area

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构造抬升区泥页岩脆性破裂泄压特征及对页岩油富集的影响——以延安地区延长组长73亚段为例

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202305936

作者简介: 张凤奇(1981—), 男, 博士, 教授, 本刊青年编委, 从事油气形成机制与油气成藏动力学研究。E-mail: zhangfq@xsyu.edu.cn

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Characteristics of pressure relief induced by shale brittle fracture in tectonic uplift area and its influence on shale oil enrichment: a case study of Chang 73 sub-member of Yanchang Formation in Yan'an area

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构造抬升区泥页岩脆性破裂泄压特征及对页岩油富集的影响——以延安地区延长组长7₃亚段为例

作者简介:
张凤奇(1981—), 男, 博士, 教授, 本刊青年编委, 从事油气形成机制与油气成藏动力学研究。E-mail: zhangfq@xsyu.edu.cn

Characteristics of pressure relief induced by shale brittle fracture in tectonic uplift area and its influence on shale oil enrichment: a case study of Chang 7₃ sub-member of Yanchang Formation in Yan'an area