Typical difference analysis and benefit-oriented development countermeasures of normal and high pressure shale gas in southeastern Chongqing
-
摘要: 渝东南地区处于四川盆地东南缘的盆缘转换带，发育常压、高压两种类型页岩气藏。为提高常压页岩气开发效益，从常压与高压页岩气典型差异性分析入手，通过开展钻井、岩心观察、实验分析、成藏条件及生产动态等研究，结合渝东南地区页岩气勘探开发实践，明确了常压页岩气具有优质页岩厚度较薄、孔隙度较低、保存条件较差、含气量中等的典型地质特点。常压页岩气富集受沉积相带、保存条件及地应力场控制，受多期构造改造及差异性抬升影响，形成机理复杂，具有初产较低、稳产期短、递减较慢、返排率高的生产特征。与高压页岩气在地质特点、富集规律、形成机理及生产规律等方面具有明显的地质特征差异性。针对渝东南地区常压页岩气资源品位较差的问题，提出了常压页岩气效益开发的4个关键对策：(1)深化基础地质研究，明确富集规律和甜点目标；(2)建立变井距、长水平段、小夹角、强改造、低高差、控压差的开发技术政策，提高单井产量；(3)加大低成本钻井和高效压裂等工程工艺创新，实现提速提效降本；(4)创新体制机制建设，打造高效组织运行模式。4个关键对策有效促进了常压页岩气由资源向储量、从储量向效益的转变，助力渝东南常压页岩气实现规模效益开发。Abstract: Southeastern Chongqing is located in the transition zone of the southeastern margin of Sichuan Basin. Shale gas reservoirs of normal and high pressure are developed in this area. In order to promote normal pressure shale gas development benefits, starting from the typical difference analysis of normal and high pressure shale gas, through the research of drilling, core observation, experimental analysis, accumulation conditions, and production dynamics, combined with shale gas exploration and development practices in southeastern Chongqing, it is clarified that the normal pressure shale gas has the typical geological characteristics of small thickness of high-quality shale, low porosity, poor preservation conditions, and medium gas content. The accumulation of normal pressure shale gas is controlled by sedimentary facies, preservation conditions, and in-situ stress field. Affected by multi-stage structural transformation and differential uplift, the mechanism of normal pressure shale gas generation is complex, which has the characteristics of low initial production, short stable production period, slow decline, and high flowback rate. There are obvious differences between normal and high pressure shale gas in geological characteristics, enrichment regularities, generation mechanism, and production law. Considering the poor grade of normal pressure shale gas resources in southeastern Chongqing, four key countermeasures for the benefit-based development of normal pressure shale gas are put forward: (1) The basic geological research is furthered and the enrichment regularities and sweet spots are clarified. (2) The development technology of variable well spacing, long horizontal section, small inclined angle, strong transformation, low height difference and controlled pressure difference is established to increase the production of single well. (3) The innovation of engineering technology such as low-cost drilling and efficient fracturing is increased to achieve speed acceleration, efficiency improvement, and cost reduction. (4) The institutional mechanism is innovated and an efficient organization and operation mode is created. The four key countermeasures effectively promote the transformation of normal pressure shale gas from resources to reserves and from reserves to benefits, facilitating the efficient development of normal pressure shale gas in southeastern Chongqing.
-
图 1 渝东南地区研究区位置、地层分布(a)与地层综合柱状图(b)
Figure 1. Location, stratigraphic distribution (a), and stratigraphic column (b) of study area in southeastern Chongqing
图 2 渝东南上奥陶统五峰组—下志留统龙马溪组沉积剖面示意
Figure 2. Sedimentary profile of Upper Ordovician Wufeng to Lower Silurian Longmaxi formations in southeastern Chongqing
图 3 渝东南常压区与高压区上奥陶统五峰组—下志留统龙马溪组一段综合对比
Figure 3. Comprehensive correlation of Upper Ordovician Wufeng to Lower Silurian Longmaxi formations in normal and high pressure areas in southeastern Chongqing
图 4 渝东南常压区与高压区优质页岩有机质孔氩离子抛光扫描电镜照片
a.常压区，③小层; b.常压区, ②小层; c.常压区, ①小层; d.高压区, ③小层；e.高压区, ②小层；f.高压区, ①小层
Figure 4. SEM photographs of organic pores in high-quality shale in normal and high pressure areas in southeastern Chongqing
图 5 渝东南常压区与高压区构造地质剖面示意
Figure 5. Geological profile of structures of normal and high pressure areas in southeastern Chongqing
图 6 渝东南常压区与高压区地应力特征对比
Figure 6. Comparison of in-situ stress characteristics between normal and high pressure areas in southeastern Chongqing
图 7 渝东南常压区与高压区页岩气成藏模式
Figure 7. Shale gas accumulation patterns of normal and high pressure areas in southeastern Chongqing
图 8 渝东南常压页岩气气液两相相渗曲线
①压力系数1.3；②压力系数1.2；③压力系数1.1；④压力系数1.0
Figure 8. Gas-liquid two-phase relative permeability curves of normal pressure shale gas in southeastern Chongqing
图 9 渝东南常压页岩气与高压页岩气生产阶段模式
Figure 9. Production stage modes of normal and high pressure shale gas in southeastern Chongqing
图 10 渝东南地区有利目标分布
Figure 10. Distribution of favorable targets in southeastern Chongqing
表 1 渝东南地区常压与高压页岩气地质特征对比
Table 1. Geological characteristics of normal and high pressure shale gas in southeastern Chongqing
地质特征 气藏类型 常压页岩气 高压页岩气 沉积 优质页岩厚24~35 m，TOC含量3.0%~3.3%，石英含量40%~50%，黏土矿物含量30%~40% 优质页岩厚38~45 m，TOC含量3.5%~4%，石英含量40%~50%，黏土矿物含量30%~40% 储集层 孔隙度3.5%~5.0%，高角度缝及层理缝发育 孔隙度4%~6%，高角度缝相对不发育 构造 处于四川盆地盆缘过渡带及盆外褶皱区，构造抬升较早(距今120~100 Ma)，改造强烈，地层产状陡且变化快 处于四川盆地盆内稳定区，构造抬升较晚(距今80 Ma)，改造相对较弱，地层产状较平缓 保存与赋存 保存条件一般，压力系数0.9~1.3，吸附气占比高(40%~80%) 保存条件较好，压力系数大于1.3，吸附气占比低(25%~40%) 地应力场 地应力较小(40~80 MPa)，最大和最小水平主应力差异系数大，南川地区0.1~0.15，彭水—武隆地区0.2~0.34 地应力适中(50~90 MPa)，最大和最小水平主应力差异小，差异系数0.11~0.13 
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 马永生, 蔡勋育, 赵培荣. 中国页岩气勘探开发理论认识与实践[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2018, 45(4): 561-574. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SKYK201804004.htmMA Yongsheng, CAI Xunyu, ZHAO Peirong. China's shale gas exploration and development: understanding and practice[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2018, 45(4): 561-574. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SKYK201804004.htm [2] 马永生, 黎茂稳, 蔡勋育, 等. 海相深层油气富集机理与关键工程技术基础研究进展[J]. 石油实验地质, 2021, 43(5): 737-748. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202105737MA Yongsheng, LI Maowen, CAI Xunyu, et al. Advances in basic research on the mechanism of deep marine hydrocarbon enrichment and key exploitation technologies[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2021, 43(5): 737-748. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202105737 [3] 孙焕泉, 周德华, 蔡勋育, 等. 中国石化页岩气发展现状与趋势[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2020, 25(2): 14-26. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KTSY202002002.htmSUN Huanquan, ZHOU Dehua, CAI Xunyu, et al. Progress and prospect of shale gas development of SINOPEC[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2020, 25(2): 14-26. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KTSY202002002.htm [4] 郭旭升, 胡东风, 李宇平, 等. 涪陵页岩气田富集高产主控地质因素[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2017, 44(4): 481-491. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SKYK201704002.htmGUO Xusheng, HU Dongfeng, LI Yuping, et al. Geological factors controlling shale gas enrichment and high production in Fuling shale gas field[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2017, 44(4): 481-491. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SKYK201704002.htm [5] 邹才能, 杨智, 张国生, 等. 非常规油气地质学理论技术及实践[J]. 地球科学, 2023, 48(6): 2376-2397. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX202306021.htmZOU Caineng, YANG Zhi, ZHANG Guosheng, et al. Theory, technology and practice of unconventional petroleum geology[J]. Earth Science, 2023, 48(6): 2376-2397. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQKX202306021.htm [6] 郭旭升, 胡东风, 俞凌杰, 等. 页岩自封闭性与页岩气保存的微观机理研究[J]. 石油实验地质, 2023, 45(5): 821-831. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202305821GUO Xusheng, HU Dongfeng, YU Lingjie, et al. Study on the micro mechanism of shale self-sealing and shale gas preservation[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2023, 45(5): 821-831. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202305821 [7] 郭彤楼. 中国式页岩气关键地质问题与成藏富集主控因素[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2016, 43(3): 317-326. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SKYK201603002.htmGUO Tonglou. Key geological issues and main controls on accumulation and enrichment of Chinese shale gas[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2016, 43(3): 317-326. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SKYK201603002.htm [8] 姚红生, 何希鹏, 王运海. 复杂构造区常压页岩气地球物理勘探技术与实践[M]. 北京: 地质出版社, 2021.YAO Hongsheng, HE Xipeng, WANG Yunhai. Geophysical exploration technology and practice of atmospheric shale gas in complex structure area[M]. Beijing: Geology Press, 2021. [9] 李东海, 姚红生, 何希鹏, 等. 复杂构造区常压页岩气地质理论与资源潜力[M]. 北京: 地质出版社, 2022LI Donghai, YAO Hongsheng, HE Xipeng, et al. Geological theory and resource potential of atmospheric shale gas in complex structure area[M]. Beijing: Geology Press, 2022. [10] 郭少斌, 王子龙, 马啸. 中国重点地区二叠系海陆过渡相页岩气勘探前景[J]. 石油实验地质, 2021, 43(3): 377-385. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202103377GUO Shaobin, WANG Zilong, MA Xiao. Exploration prospect of shale gas with Permian transitional facies of some key areas in China[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2021, 43(3): 377-385. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202103377 [11] 何希鹏. 四川盆地东部页岩气甜点评价体系与富集高产影响因素[J]. 天然气工业, 2021, 41(1): 59-71. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TRQG202101007.htmHE Xipeng. Sweet spot evaluation system and enrichment and high yield influential factors of shale gas in Nanchuan area of eastern Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2021, 41(1): 59-71. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TRQG202101007.htm [12] 姚红生, 蔡勋育, 郭彤楼, 等. 渝东南常压页岩气勘探开发关键技术[M]. 北京: 石油工业出版社, 2023.YAO Hongsheng, CAI Xunyu, GUO Tonglou, et al. Exploration and development key technologies of atmospheric shale gas in southeastern Chongqing[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 2023. [13] 梁西文, 李乐. 鄂西渝东区上二叠统吴家坪组页岩气地质条件及勘探潜力[J]. 石油实验地质, 2021, 43(3): 386-394. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202103386LIANG Xiwen, LI Le. Geological conditions and exploration potential for shale gas in Upper Permian Wujiaping Formation in the region of western Hubei-eastern Chongqing[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2021, 43(3): 386-394. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202103386 [14] 方志雄. 中国南方常压页岩气勘探开发面临的挑战及对策[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2019, 9(5): 1-13. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KTDQ201905001.htmFANG Zhixiong. Challenges and countermeasures for exploration and development of normal pressure shale gas in southern China[J]. Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2019, 9(5): 1-13. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KTDQ201905001.htm [15] 蔡勋育, 赵培荣, 高波, 等. 中国石化页岩气"十三五"发展成果与展望[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2021, 42(1): 16-27. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT202101003.htmCAI Xunyu, ZHAO Peirong, GAO Bo, et al. SINOPEC's shale gas development achievements during the "thirteenth five-year plan" period and outlook for the future[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2021, 42(1): 16-27. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT202101003.htm [16] 何希鹏, 何贵松, 高玉巧, 等. 渝东南盆缘转换带常压页岩气地质特征及富集高产规律[J]. 天然气工业, 2018, 38(12): 1-14. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TRQG201812001.htmHE Xipeng, HE Guisong, GAO Yuqiao, et al. Geological characteristics and enrichment laws of normal-pressure shale gas in the basin-margin transition zone of SE Chongqing[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2018, 38(12): 1-14. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TRQG201812001.htm [17] 聂海宽, 李沛, 党伟, 等. 四川盆地及周缘奥陶系—志留系深层页岩气富集特征与勘探方向[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2022, 49(4): 648-659. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SKYK202204003.htmNIE Haikuan, LI Pei, DANG Wei, et al. Enrichment characteristics and exploration directions of deep shale gas of Ordovician-Silurian in the Sichuan Basin and its surrounding areas, China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2022, 49(4): 648-659. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SKYK202204003.htm [18] 杨振恒, 陶国亮, 鲍云杰, 等. 南方海相深层页岩气储集空间差异化发育及保持机理探讨[J]. 石油实验地质, 2022, 44(5): 845-853. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202205845YANG Zhenheng, TAO Guoliang, BAO Yunjie, et al. Differential development and maintenance mechanism of reservoir space for marine shale gas in South China's deep strata[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2022, 44(5): 845-853. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202205845 [19] 沈骋, 范宇, 曾波, 等. 渝西区块页岩气储层改造优化对策与适应性分析[J]. 油气地质与采收率, 2022, 29(2): 131-139. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YQCS202202016.htmSHEN Cheng, FAN Yu, ZENG Bo, et al. Optimization strategies and adaptability analysis of shale gas reservoir stimulation in western Chongqing Block[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency, 2022, 29(2): 131-139. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YQCS202202016.htm [20] 李一波, 蔺祥, 彭瑀, 等. 热处理作用下页岩储层改造机理及提高采收率技术研究进展[J]. 油气地质与采收率, 2022, 29(4): 101-108. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YQCS202204011.htmLI Yibo, LIN Xiang, PENG Yu, et al. Research progress of shale reservoir stimulation mechanism and enhanced oil recovery technology under heat treatment[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency, 2022, 29(4): 101-108. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YQCS202204011.htm [21] 何希鹏, 高玉巧, 何贵松, 等. 渝东南南川页岩气田地质特征及勘探开发关键技术[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2021, 11(3): 305-316. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KTDQ202103005.htmHE Xipeng, GAO Yuqiao, HE Guisong, et al. Geological characteristics and key technologies for exploration and development of Nanchuan shale gas field in southeast Chongqing[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2021, 11(3): 305-316. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KTDQ202103005.htm [22] 郭旭升, 赵永强, 申宝剑, 等. 中国南方海相页岩气勘探理论: 回顾与展望[J]. 地质学报, 2022, 96(1): 172-182. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZXE202201011.htmGUO Xusheng, ZHAO Yongqiang, SHEN Baojian, et al. Marine shale gas exploration theory in southern China: review and prospects[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2022, 96(1): 172-182. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZXE202201011.htm [23] 王运海, 任建华, 陈祖华, 等. 常压页岩气田一体化效益开发及智能化评价[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2021, 11(4): 487-496. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KTDQ202104003.htmWANG Yunhai, REN Jianhua, CHEN Zuhua, et al. Integrated benefit development and intelligent evaluation of normal pressure shale gas[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2021, 11(4): 487-496. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KTDQ202104003.htm [24] 俞凌杰, 刘可禹, 范明, 等. 页岩孔隙中气—水赋存特征研究: 以川东南地区下志留统龙马溪组为例[J]. 石油实验地质, 2021, 43(6): 1089-1096. doi: 10.11781/sysydz2021061089YU Lingjie, LIU Keyu, FAN Ming, et al. Co-occurring characteristics of pore gas and water in shales: a case study of the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation in the southeastern Sichuan Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2021, 43(6): 1089-1096. doi: 10.11781/sysydz2021061089 [25] 李一波, 何天双, 胡志明, 等. 页岩油藏提高采收率技术及展望[J]. 西南石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2021, 43(3): 101-110. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XNSY202103010.htmLI Yibo, HE Tianshuang, HU Zhiming, et al. A Comprehensive review of enhanced oil recovery technologies for shale oil[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University (Science & Techno-logy Edition), 2021, 43(3): 101-110. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XNSY202103010.htm [26] 刘伟新, 卢龙飞, 叶德燎, 等. 川东南地区奥陶系五峰组—志留系龙马溪组页岩气异常压力封存箱剖析与形成机制[J]. 石油实验地质, 2022, 44(5): 804-814. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202205804LIU Weixin, LU Longfei, YE Deliao, et al. Significance and formation mechanism of abnormally pressured compartments of shale gas in the Ordovician Wufeng-Silurian Longmaxi formations, southeastern Sichuan Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2022, 44(5): 804-814. doi: 10.11781/sysydz202205804 [27] 姚红生, 郭彤楼, 何希鹏, 等. 页岩气地质实验测试技术与应用[M]. 北京: 地质出版社, 2021.YAO Hongsheng, GUO Tonglou, HE Xipeng, et al. Geological test technology and application of shale gas[M]. Beijing: Geology Press, 2021. [28] 何希鹏, 何贵松, 高玉巧, 等. 常压页岩气勘探开发关键技术进展及攻关方向[J]. 天然气工业, 2023, 43(6): 1-14. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TRQG202306001.htmHE Xipeng, HE Guisong, GAO Yuqiao, et al. Progress in and research direction of key technologies for normal-pressure shale gas exploration and development[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2023, 43(6): 1-14. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TRQG202306001.htm [29] 张培先, 何希鹏, 高玉巧, 等. 川东南五峰组—龙马溪组页岩气目标评价及水平井设计技术[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2023, 23(3): 1024-1032. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KXJS202303014.htmZHANG Peixian, HE Xipeng, GAO Yuqiao, et al. Shale gas target evaluation techniques and horizontal well design technology of Wufeng-Longmaxi formation in southeast Sichuan[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2023, 23(3): 1024-1032. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KXJS202303014.htm [30] 包汉勇, 梁榜, 郑爱维, 等. 地质工程一体化在涪陵页岩气示范区立体勘探开发中的应用[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2022, 27(1): 88-98. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KTSY202201008.htmBAO Hanyong, LIANG Bang, ZHENG Aiwei, et al. Application of geology and engineering integration in stereoscopic exploration and development of Fuling shale gas demonstration area[J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2022, 27(1): 88-98. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KTSY202201008.htm [31] 张国荣, 王俊方, 张龙富, 等. 南川常压页岩气田高效开发关键技术进展[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2021, 11(3): 365-376. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KTDQ202103011.htmZHANG Guorong, WANG Junfang, ZHANG Longfu, et al. Key technical progress in efficient development of Nanchuan normal-pressure shale gas field[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2021, 11(3): 365-376. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KTDQ202103011.htm -
图(10) / 表(1)
计量
- 文章访问数: 374
- HTML全文浏览量: 193
- PDF下载量: 68
- 被引次数: 0
苏公网安备32021102000780号