深层页岩孔隙结构及游离气传输特征——以四川盆地龙马溪组页岩为例

万成祥; 郭旭升; 申宝剑; 常佳琦; 薛子鑫; 杜伟

doi:10.11781/sysydz2023061204

深层页岩孔隙结构及游离气传输特征——以四川盆地龙马溪组页岩为例

doi: 10.11781/sysydz2023061204

万成祥^{1, 2, 3,},
郭旭升^{1, 2, 3},
申宝剑^{1, 2, 3},
常佳琦²,
薛子鑫⁴,
杜伟^{1, 2, 3}

1.
页岩油气富集机理与高效开发全国重点实验室, 北京 102206
2.
中国石化页岩油气勘探开发重点实验室, 北京 102206
3.
中国石化石油勘探开发研究院, 北京 102206
4.
中国石化集团国际石油勘探开发有限公司, 北京 100029

基金项目:

中国石化科技部项目“四川盆地志留系致密储层潜力评价” P21042-3

详细信息

作者简介:
万成祥(1994—)，男，博士，助理研究员，从事页岩气赋存规律及成藏机理研究。E-mail: wancx.syky@sinopec.com

中图分类号: TE122.12
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- 文章访问数: 358
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- PDF下载量: 48
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-08-31
- 修回日期: 2023-10-27
- 刊出日期: 2023-11-28

Pore structure and free gas transport characteristics of deep shale: taking Longmaxi Formation shale in Sichuan Basin as an example

WAN Chengxiang^{1, 2, 3
,},
GUO Xusheng^{1, 2, 3},
SHEN Baojian^{1, 2, 3},
CHANG Jiaqi²,
XUE Zixin⁴,
DU Wei^{1, 2, 3}

1.
State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Efficient Development, Beijing 102206, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Exploration & Production, SINOPEC, Beijing 102206, China
3.
SINOPEC Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute, Beijing 102206, China
4.
SINOPEC International Petroleum Exploration and Production Corporation, Beijing 100029, China

摘要

摘要: 深层页岩气是四川盆地龙马溪组页岩气增储上产的重要攻关方向，但与中浅层页岩气在储层特征和渗流特征方面存在差异，一定程度上限制了深层页岩气的勘探开发进展。为了明确深层页岩气的储层孔隙结构特征及页岩游离气传输特征，以川南深层龙马溪组优质页岩为例，开展了页岩储层孔隙结构观察和定量表征实验，并基于体相气体传输机理，探讨了页岩游离气的传输特征、临界条件及动态演化规律。①深层页岩储层孔隙形态特征与中浅层差别不大，但中孔的孔隙结构特征更加明显，孔体积占比为62.5%~69.7%；②深层页岩游离气传输方式分为过渡流、滑脱流和达西流三类，永川地区页岩游离气划分3种传输方式的临界孔径分别为4.2 nm和420 nm，在此基础上建立了全盆地页岩游离气传输图版；③从浅层到深层，页岩游离气不同传输方式对应的临界孔径随之变小，游离气传输方式从以过渡流为主(最高占比达63.0%)转变为以滑脱流为主(最高占比达67.3%)，达西流占比不超过2%；页岩游离气传输能力从浅层到中层随埋深增加快速下降，中深层页岩游离气传输能力随埋深增加基本保持稳定。通过分析和对比深浅层页岩储层孔隙结构特征及游离气传输特征，研究成果可有力支撑深层页岩气乃至浅层页岩气下一步高效勘探开发方案的部署工作。
- 孔隙结构特征 /
- 游离气传输特征 /
- 深层页岩气 /
- 龙马溪组 /
- 四川盆地
Abstract: Deep shale gas is an important research direction for increasing shale gas storage and production in the Longmaxi Formation of Sichuan Basin. But there are differences in reservoir and seepage characteristics between shallow and medium-buried shale gas, which to some extent limits the progress of exploration and development of deep shale gas. In order to clarify the pore structure characteristics of deep shale gas reservoirs and the transport characteristics of shale free gas, this paper takes the high-quality shale of Longmaxi Formation in southern Sichuan as an example to carry out experiments on observing and quantitatively characterizing the pore structure of shale reservoirs. In addition, based on the transport mechanism of bulk gas, the transport characteristics, critical conditions, and dynamic evolution laws of shale free gas were explored. The experimental and computational results indicate that: (1) The pore morphology characteristics of deep shale reservoirs are not significantly different from those of shallow and medium-buried shale, but the pore structure characteristics of medium pores are more obvious, with pore volume accounting for 62.5%-69.7%; (2) The transport modes of deep shale free gas are divided into three types: transitional flow, slippage flow, and Darcy flow. The critical pore sizes of the three modes in the Yongchuan area are 4.2 nm and 420 nm, respectively. On this basis, a transport chart for free gas in the entire basin has been established; (3) From shallow to deep shale, the critical pore size corresponding to different transport modes of free gas decreases accordingly. The main transport mode of free gas changes from the transitional flow (up to 63.0%) to the slippage flow (up to 67.3%) and the Darcy flow accounts for no more than 2%. The transport capacity of free gas rapidly decreases from shallow to medium-buried shale, while the transport capacity of medium to deep shale free gas remains basically stable with increasing burial depth. By analyzing and comparing the pore structure characteristics and free gas transport characteristics of deep and shallow shale reservoirs, this study can effectively support the deployment of efficient exploration and development plans for deep shale gas and even shallow shale gas in the next step.
- pore structure characteristics /
- free gas transport /
- deep shale gas /
- Longmaxi Formation /
- Sichuan Basin
注释:

利益冲突声明/Conflict of Interests

所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。

All authors disclose no relevant conflict of interests.

作者贡献/Authors’Contributions

万成祥、薛子鑫、杜伟、常佳琦参与论文的总体构思；万成祥、郭旭升、申宝剑参与论文写作和修改。所有作者均阅读并同意最终稿件的提交。

The study was designed by WAN Chengxiang, XUE Zixin, DU Wei and CHANG Jiaqi. The manuscript was drafted and revised by WAN Chengxiang, GUO Xusheng and SHEN Baojian. All the authors have read the last version of paper and consented for submission.

HTML全文

图 1 川南深层龙马溪组龙一₁亚段优质页岩储层孔隙不同类型孔隙发育形态

a.蜂窝状有机质孔；b.有机质—黏土复合体孔隙；c.黄铁矿粒间孔，有机质孔；d.黏土矿物粒间孔；e.无机矿物溶蚀孔；f.有机质收缩缝。

Figure 1. Different types of pore development morphology of high-quality deep shale reservoirs in Long-1 submember of Longmaxi Formation in southern Sichuan

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 川南深层龙马溪组龙一₁亚段优质页岩微孔(a)、中孔(b)和宏孔(c)孔径分布特征及孔体积占比(d)

Figure 2. Pore diameters of micropores (a), mesopores (b), and macropores (c), and pore volume proportion (d) in high-quality deep shale in Long-1 submember of Longmaxi Formation in southern Sichuan

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 四川盆地龙马溪组典型页岩气藏开发条件下的主要传输机理^[9]

Figure 3. Main transport mechanism of typical shale gas reservoir in Longmaxi Formation in Sichuan Basin under development conditions

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 四川盆地永川地区页岩纳米孔甲烷游离气流动方式与孔径的关系

Figure 4. Relationship between methane free gas flow mode and pore size in nanopores of shale in Yongchuan area, Sichuan Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 四川盆地龙马溪组页岩全盆地页岩游离气传输模板

Figure 5. Free gas transport template for Longmaxi Formation shale in Sichuan Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 考虑微尺度效应后的四川盆地页岩游离气不同传输方式对应的孔径范围

Figure 6. Pore size range corresponding to different transport modes of free gas considering microscale effect in Sichuan Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 四川盆地不同埋深条件下页岩地层纳米孔隙游离气不同传输方式对应的临界孔径

Figure 7. Critical pore sizes corresponding to different transport modes of free gas in shale pores under different burial depths in Sichuan Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 四川盆地不同埋深页岩纳米孔游离气不同传输方式占比

Figure 8. Proportion of different transport modes of free gas under different burial depths in Sichuan Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 四川盆地不同埋深条件下页岩游离气传输能力动态演化规律

Figure 9. Dynamic evolution of free gas transport capacity under different burial depths in Sichuan Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 川南深层龙马溪组龙一₁亚段优质页岩样品基本信息

Table 1. Basic information of high-quality deep shale samples from Long-1 submember of Longmaxi Formation in southern Sichuan

井号	样品编号	小层	ω(TOC)/%	硅质矿物含量/%	黏土矿物含量/%	碳酸盐矿物含量/%	岩相类型
X2	1	③	3.56	45.2	39.1	14.1	混合质页岩
X2	2	②	4.39	50.6	32.3	7.6	硅质页岩
X2	3	②	5.04	65.3	13.2	20.0	硅质页岩
X2	4	②	4.06	54.3	10.4	8.2	硅质页岩

下载: 导出CSV

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