川东北地区二叠系大隆组深层页岩气储层孔隙结构及其分形特征

何陈诚; 赵永强; 俞凌杰; 卢龙飞; 刘伟新; 潘安阳; 李楚雄

doi:10.11781/sysydz202402263

川东北地区二叠系大隆组深层页岩气储层孔隙结构及其分形特征

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202402263

何陈诚^{1, 2, 3, 4,},
赵永强^{1, 2, 3, 4, ,},
俞凌杰^{1, 2, 3, 4},
卢龙飞^{1, 2, 3, 4},
刘伟新^{1, 2, 3, 4},
潘安阳^{1, 2, 3, 4},
李楚雄^{1, 2, 3, 4}

1.
中国石化石油勘探开发研究院无锡石油地质研究所, 江苏无锡 214126
2.
中国石化油气成藏重点实验室, 江苏无锡 214126
3.
页岩油气富集机理与高效开发全国重点实验室, 江苏无锡 214126
4.
国家能源页岩油研发中心, 江苏无锡 214126

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金 U19B6003-03

国家自然科学基金 41972164

中国石化科技部项目 P23132

详细信息

作者简介:
何陈诚(1990—)，女，博士，从事页岩油气地质研究。E-mail: hechencheng.syky@sinopec.com

通讯作者:
赵永强(1973—)，男，博士，研究员，本刊编委，从事油气成藏研究。E-mail: zhaoyq.syky@sinopec.com

中图分类号: TE122.2
计量
- 文章访问数: 468
- HTML全文浏览量: 176
- PDF下载量: 68
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-03-07
- 修回日期: 2024-01-31
- 刊出日期: 2024-03-28

Pore structure and fractal characteristics of deep shale gas reservoirs in the Permian Dalong Formation, northeastern Sichuan Basin

HE Chencheng^{1, 2, 3, 4
,},
ZHAO Yongqiang^{1, 2, 3, 4
, ,},
YU Lingjie^{1, 2, 3, 4},
LU Longfei^{1, 2, 3, 4},
LIU Weixin^{1, 2, 3, 4},
PAN Anyang^{1, 2, 3, 4},
LI Chuxiong^{1, 2, 3, 4}

1.
Wuxi Research Institute of Petroleum Geology, SINOPEC, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214126, China
2.
SINOPEC Key Laboratory of Petroleum Accumulation Mechanisms, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214126, China
3.
State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Efficient Development, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214126, China
4.
State Energy Center for Shale Oil Research and Development, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214126, China

摘要

摘要: 页岩储层特性是影响页岩气富集和开采的关键因素之一。四川盆地北部发育的上二叠统大隆组是重要的海相优质烃源岩，而针对川东北地区大隆组页岩储层的研究还有待深入。以川东北地区大隆组深层页岩为研究对象，利用高分辨率场发射扫描电镜、二氧化碳吸附、氮吸附及高压压汞等技术，开展大隆组深层页岩储层不同孔径孔隙结构的定性—定量研究，并运用基于二氧化碳吸附的V-S模型、氮吸附的FHH模型和高压压汞的分形几何模型对不同孔径的孔隙进行分形拟合，表征页岩孔隙结构的复杂程度和非均质性特征。结果表明，川东北地区大隆组深层页岩储层发育丰富的纳米级有机孔和少量的无机孔，有机孔发育特征随有机质显微组分不同和分布形式差异而显示强的非均质性。大隆组深层页岩孔隙结构与龙马溪组深层页岩相似，以介孔和微孔为主，占总孔体积的90%以上；页岩孔隙结构主要受有机质丰度的影响。分形特征研究结果显示，深层页岩宏孔非均质性强于介孔和微孔。其原因可能为深层页岩微孔孔径较小，分布集中，成因单一，受成岩作用影响较小，孔隙结构较为简单，具有较小分形维数；而宏孔孔径较大，分布范围较广，成因多样，易受成岩作用影响，表现出强非均质性。深层页岩微孔—介孔因其丰富的储集空间和较强的自相似性，有利于页岩气的赋存、渗流和开采。
- 非均质性 /
- 分形维数 /
- 孔隙结构 /
- 页岩储层 /
- 大隆组 /
- 二叠系 /
- 川东北地区
Abstract: The characteristics of shale reservoirs play a crucial role in the enrichment and exploitation of shale gas. The Upper Permian Dalong Formation in the northern Sichuan Basin is a significant marine-derived high-quality hydrocarbon source rock that requires further detailed investigation. This study conducted qualitative and quantitative analyses on the pore structure of deep shale reservoirs within the Permian Dalong Formation in northeastern Sichuan. Various methods such as high-resolution field emission scanning electron microscopy, CO₂ adsorption, N₂ adsorption, and high-pressure Hg injection measurements were employed. Fractal fitting using the V-S model based on CO₂ adsorption, the FHH model based on N₂ adsorption, and the fractal geometry model based on high-pressure Hg injection was utilized to characterize the pore structure of deep shale. The findings revealed that deep shale reservoirs in the Dalong Formation in northeastern Sichuan Basin contain abundant nano-scale organic pores and limited inorganic pores. The development of organic pores exhibits strong heterogeneity influenced by maceral differences and organic matter distribution. Similar to Longmaxi Formation shale, the pores in the Dalong Formation are predominantly micropores and mesopores, comprising over 90% of the total pore volume and primarily influenced by organic matter abundance. The research on fractal dimension characteristics suggests that macropores in deep shale exhibit stronger heterogeneity compared to mesopores and micropores. Due to their smaller size and minimal diagenetic impact, micropores and mesopores have simpler structures with lower fractal dimensions. On the other hand, macropores display significant heterogeneity due to their larger size, wide distribution range, diverse genesis, and susceptibility to diagenesis. Due to their abundant reservoir space and strong self-similarity, micropores and mesopores in deep shale are conducive to the occurrence, seepage and exploitation of shale gas.
- heterogeneity /
- fractal dimension /
- pore structure /
- shale reservoir /
- Dalong Formation /
- Permian /
- northeastern Sichuan Basin
注释:

利益冲突声明/Conflict of Interests

所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。

All authors disclose no relevant conflict of interests.

作者贡献/Authors’Contributions

何陈诚完成数据分析和论文写作；赵永强、俞凌杰、卢龙飞参与研究设计和论文审核；赵永强、刘伟新、潘安阳参与论文指导和修改；李楚雄参与实验分析指导。所有作者均阅读并同意最终稿件的提交。

The data analysis and manuscript writing were completed by HE Chencheng. The study was designed and the manuscript was examined by ZHAO Yongqiang, YU Lingjie and LU Longfei. The manuscript was guided and revised by ZHAO Yongqiang, LIU Weixin and PAN Anyang. The experimental analysis was directed by LI Chuxiong. All the authors have read the last version of paper and consented for submission.

HTML全文

图 1 四川盆地北部区域构造位置(a)及二叠系大隆组沉积相分布(b)

修改自文献[24-25]。

Figure 1. Tectonic location of northern Sichuan Basin (a) and sedimentary facies distribution of Permian Dalong Formation (b)

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图 2 川东北地区二叠系大隆组深层页岩储层物性分布

Figure 2. Porosity and permeability of deep shale in Permian Dalong Formation, northeastern Sichuan Basin

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图 3 川东北地区A井二叠系大隆组深层页岩储层孔隙发育特征

a.顺层分布的纹层状有机质；b.纹层状有机质中孔隙差异发育；c.海绵状有机孔；d.充填粒状有机质；e.草莓状黄铁矿莓球间的絮状有机质；f.e图放大, 有机孔发育；g-h.具有生物母质结构的有机质，发育原生有机孔；i.粒间孔；j.黏土矿物孔；k.次生溶蚀孔；l.矿物或有机质边缘缝。

Figure 3. Pore development characteristics of deep shale samples from Permian Dalong Formation in well A, northeastern Sichuan Basin

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图 4 川东北地区二叠系大隆组深层页岩储层全孔径联合表征分布

Figure 4. Pore size distribution of deep shale samples from Permian Dalong Formation in northeastern Sichuan Basin

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图 5 川东北地区二叠系大隆组深层页岩微孔—介孔—宏孔体积占比分布

Figure 5. Volume ratio of micropores, mesoporous pores and macropores of deep shale from Permian Dalong Formation in northeastern Sichuan Basin

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图 6 川东北地区二叠系大隆组深层页岩储层有机孔统计示意(a)及有机孔孔径分布(b)

Figure 6. Statistics of organic pores (a) and distribution of organic pore diameters (b) of deep shale samples from Permian Dalong Formation in northeastern Sichuan Basin

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图 7 川东北地区二叠系大隆组深层页岩微孔分形维数计算结果(CO₂吸附)

Figure 7. Calculation results of microporous fractal dimension of deep shale samples from Permian Dalong Formation in northeastern Sichuan Basin (CO₂ adsorption)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 川东北地区二叠系大隆组深层页岩微孔—介孔分形维数计算结果(N₂吸附)

Figure 8. Calculation results of microporous-mesoporous fractal dimension of deep shale samples from Permian Dalong Formation in northeastern Sichuan Basin (N₂ adsorption)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 川东北地区二叠系大隆组深层页岩宏孔分形维数计算结果(高压压汞)

Figure 9. Calculation results of macropore fractal dimension of deep shale samples from Permian Dalong Formation in northeastern Sichuan Basin (high pressure Hg injection)

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图 10 川东北地区二叠系大隆组深层页岩总孔容、比表面积与矿物组成的关系

Figure 10. Relationship between total pore volume, specific surface area and mineral composition of deep shale samples from Permian Dalong Formation in northeastern Sichuan Basin

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图 11 川东北地区二叠系大隆组深层页岩孔隙结构与矿物组成的关系

Figure 11. Relationship between pore structure and mineral composition of deep shale samples from Permian Dalong Formation in northeastern Sichuan Basin

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图 12 川东北地区二叠系大隆组和志留系龙马溪组深层页岩孔隙分形维数与页岩矿物组成的关系

Figure 12. Relationship between pore fractal dimension and mineral composition of deep shale samples from Permian Dalong Formation and Silurian Longmaxi Formation in northeastern Sichuan Basin

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表 1 川东北地区二叠系大隆组深层页岩样品基本信息及孔隙结构参数

Table 1. Basic information and pore structure parameters of deep shale samples from Permian Dalong Formation in northeastern Sichuan Basin

编号	孔隙度/%	ω(TOC)/%	石英/%	黏土矿物/%	碳酸盐矿物/%	黄铁矿/%	微孔体积/(mL/g)	介孔体积/(mL/g)	宏孔体积/(mL/g)	BET比表面积/(m²/g)
A-1		1.38	10.3	6.8	79.9	1.9	0.001 2	0.002 4	0.000 3	4.443
A-2	7.2	11.69	20.3	16.7	40.6	17.6	0.011 9	0.022 8	0.001 1	46.383
A-3	1.2	1.95	6.6	5.1	86.7	0.6	0.001 5	0.003 0	0.001 1	5.344
A-4	6.0	9.67	56.6	15.5	17.6	6.0	0.009 1	0.013 0	0.001 5	32.626
A-5	1.8	2.73	71.2	5.6	18.8	3.3	0.002 9	0.003 7	0.000 8	8.305
A-6	8.6	12.57	68.0	13.6	5.7	10.1	0.016 0	0.033 4	0.001 7	59.645
A-7	4.2	4.71	70.5	11.5	12.5	4.1	0.005 0	0.007 6	0.001 1	13.805
A-8	5.2	13.36	44.9	22.4	17.2	11.2	0.021 1	0.028 2	0.000 8	69.893
A-9	8.1	10.54	66.8	16.1	8.4	6.2	0.014 6	0.027 8	0.001 8	57.008
A-10	4.0	4.36	71.3	6.7	18.0	3.4	0.007 4	0.014 4	0.001 4	28.254
A-11	2.5	2.93	69.0	9.0	16.5	1.5	0.003 1	0.003 1	0.001 0	7.911
A-12	2.6	2.09	76.7	9.7	10.0	1.9	0.003 5	0.003 6	0.000 6	8.163

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表 2 川东北地区二叠系大隆组深层页岩孔隙结构分形特征参数

Table 2. Fractal characteristics of pore structure of deep shale samples from Permian Dalong Formation in northeastern Sichuan Basin

编号	ω(TOC)/%	D_C	R²	D_N₁	R²	D_N₂	R²	D_m	R²
A-1	1.38	2.601 7	0.995 8	2.761 4	0.991 0	2.819 4	0.998 1	2.841 6	0.994 4
A-2	11.69	2.571 4	0.994 6	2.743 4	0.993 8	2.840 8	0.985 4	2.972 5	0.994 2
A-3	1.95	2.539 4	0.998 6	2.736 7	0.992 8	2.818 4	0.981 6	2.950 2	0.982 2
A-4	9.67	2.537 0	0.995 4	2.767 7	0.992 7	2.872 2	0.984 4	2.956 1	0.979 0
A-5	2.73	2.421 3	0.998 0	2.757 3	0.992 3	2.861 5	0.970 6	2.954 1	0.995 8
A-6	12.57	2.489 6	0.995 2	2.725 0	0.995 6	2.819 4	0.976 3	2.982 2	0.984 9
A-7	4.71	2.354 2	0.996 6	2.734 1	0.995 1	2.820 2	0.978 7	2.966 8	0.991 4
A-8	13.36	2.488 4	0.995 2	2.740 6	0.995 1	2.877 2	0.909 1	2.983 6	0.989 9
A-9	10.54	2.555 2	0.994 9	2.742 1	0.994 5	2.842 6	0.961 4	2.976 5	0.984 8
A-10	4.36	2.603 3	0.994 6	2.727 9	0.995 8	2.837 1	0.945 1	2.954 4	0.975 7
A-11	2.93	2.520 4	0.998 9	2.773 5	0.988 9	2.873 2	0.983 4	2.942 6	0.992 3
A-12	2.09	2.687 0	0.997 9	2.760 1	0.994 1	2.858 4	0.977 8	2.959 2	0.992 9

下载: 导出CSV

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