塔里木盆地塔河油田逆冲背斜区奥陶系古暗河系统发育特征

张长建; 蒋林; 文欢; 吕晶; 昌琪

doi:10.11781/sysydz202402333

塔里木盆地塔河油田逆冲背斜区奥陶系古暗河系统发育特征

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202402333

张长建^{1, 2,},
蒋林^{1, 2, ,},
文欢^{1, 2},
吕晶^{1, 2},
昌琪^{1, 2}

1.
中国石化西北油田分公司勘探开发研究院, 乌鲁木齐 830011
2.
中国石化缝洞型油藏提高采收率重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830011

基金项目:

中国石化重大科技项目 P20042-1

详细信息

作者简介:
张长建(1983—)，男，硕士，副研究员，从事油气地质研究。E-mail: 273419780@qq.com

通讯作者:
蒋林(1987—)，男，硕士，副研究员，从事油气开发研究。E-mail: jianglin.xbsj@sinopec.com

中图分类号: TE122.3
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-03-10
- 修回日期: 2024-01-31
- 刊出日期: 2024-03-28

Development characteristics of Ordovician ancient subterranean river system in thrust anticline area of Tahe Oilfield, Tarim Basin

ZHANG Changjian^{1, 2
,},
JIANG Lin^{1, 2
, ,},
WEN Huan^{1, 2},
LÜ Jing^{1, 2},
CHANG Qi^{1, 2}

1.
Exploration & Production Research Institute of Northwest Oilfield Company, SINOPEC, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China
2.
SINOPEC Key Laboratory for EOR of Fractured Cavity Reservoirs, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China

摘要

摘要: 塔里木盆地塔河油田古暗河系统研究尚处于初始阶段，主要从暗河的深浅分布、结构样式等特征开展暗河洞穴的划分，较少从构造、断裂、古地貌、地下水位等地质方面综合分析复杂暗河系统的空间发育规律，致使暗河的主次从属关系、空间叠置样式、原始连通关系难以厘清，从而制约了塔河油田开发后期的综合治理研究。为了明确塔河油田主体区逆冲背斜区奥陶系古暗河系统发育特征，利用构造断裂解析、古地貌恢复、地震属性刻画、纵断剖面解读等方法进行了S67井区古暗河的类型识别、系统划分和地质成因研究，尤其首次识别并剖析了潜流回流暗河。结果表明，S67井区处于塔河主体区岩溶台原南缘的低地势区，发育幅差较小的峰丛洼地、溶丘洼地，地表水系下切深度较浅；逆冲背斜为低角度逆冲推覆构造样式，逆冲背斜之上的网格状断裂为多层状暗河系统提供有利溶蚀通道。研究区奥陶系发育相对独立的、树枝状结构的地下水位暗河系统和潜流带暗河系统，地下水位型暗河可分为主干型、支流型和废弃型，潜流回流暗河可分为上升型、对称型。控制逆冲背斜区古暗河发育的主要因素有古地貌、地下水位、逆冲背斜构造和次级断裂网络等。
- 走滑断裂 /
- 逆冲断裂 /
- 古地貌 /
- 暗河 /
- 潜流回路 /
- 地下水位 /
- 奥陶系 /
- 塔河油田
Abstract: The study of the ancient subterranean river system in the Tahe Oilfield in the Tarim Basin is still in its initial stage. Subterranean river caves are mainly classified based on the characteristics of the depth distribution and structural patterns of the subterranean rivers. However, there is a lack of comprehensive analysis regarding the spatial development patterns of complex subterranean river systems from geological perspectives such as structure, fault, paleogeomorphology, and water table. This hinders the understanding of primary and secondary relationships of subterranean rivers, spatial superposition patterns, and original connectivity relationships, thereby impeding comprehensive management research in the later stages of Tahe Oilfield development. To address this gap, an investigation was carried out in the S67 well block to clarify the developmental characteristics of the Ordovician ancient subterranean river system in the thrust anticline area of the main Tahe Oilfield. The study utilized methods like structural fault analysis, paleogeomorphology restoration, seismic attribute characterization, and vertical section interpretation to identify river types, classify systems, and examine geological origins. Noteworthy findings include the identification and analysis of a phreatic loop river for the first time. Results show that the S67 well block is located in a low-lying region at the southern edge of the karst platform within the main Tahe Oilfield area. This region features peak cluster depressions and karst hill depressions with minimal amplitude differences and shallow incision depths of surface water systems. The low-angle thrust structural style of the thrust anticline, combined with a network of faults, provides favorable dissolution channels for the multi-layered subterranean river system. In the study area, the Ordovician period is characterized by the emergence of distinct water-table subterranean river systems and phreatic loop river systems, all of which display a dendritic structure. The water-table subterranean rivers are divided into main, branch, and abandoned types, while the phreatic loop rivers are classified as ascending or symmetrical. The formation of ancient subterranean rivers in the thrust anticline area is primarily influenced by factors such as paleogeomorphology, water table levels, thrust anticline structure, and secondary fault networks.
- strike-slip fault /
- thrust fault /
- paleogeomorphology /
- subterranean river /
- phreatic loop /
- water table /
- Ordovician /
- Tahe Oilfield
注释:

利益冲突声明/Conflict of Interests

所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。

All authors disclose no relevant conflict of interests.

作者贡献/Authors’Contributions

张长建提出论文的总体构思；张长建、蒋林完成研究分析和论文的统稿工作；文欢、吕晶、昌琪参与论文的写作和修改。所有作者均阅读并同意最终稿件的提交。

ZHANG Changjian proposed the overall concept of the paper. ZHANG Changjian and JIANG Lin were responsible for the research analysis and the compilation of the paper. The manuscript was drafted and revised by WEN Huan, LV Jing and CHANG Qi. All the authors have read the last version of paper and consented for submission.

HTML全文

图 1 潜流回路洞道横截面示意及沉积物充填模式

据参考文献[3]修改。

Figure 1. Schematic cross-section of a phreatic loop cave and sediment filling mode

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图 2 塔里木盆地塔河油田S67井区构造位置(a)、中下奥陶统古地貌(b)及地层柱状图(c)

Figure 2. Structural location (a), paleogeomorphology of Middle-Lower Ordovician (b), and stratigraphic column (c) of S67 well block of Tahe Oilfield, Tarim Basin

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图 3 塔里木盆地塔河油田S67井区中下奥陶统断裂分布

a.中下奥陶统鹰山组云质灰岩段顶(T₇⁶)以下0~60 ms相干属性；b.中下奥陶统鹰山组下段(T₇⁶—T₇⁸)张量梯度厚度属性；c.中下奥陶统顶断裂平面分布。

Figure 3. Fault distribution in Middle-Lower Ordovician of S67 well block of Tahe Oilfield, Tarim Basin

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图 4 塔里木盆地塔河油田S67井区逆冲断裂横切地震剖面

剖面位置见图 3c。

Figure 4. Transverse seismic profile of thrust fault in S67 well block of Tahe Oilfield, Tarim Basin

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图 5 塔里木盆地塔河油田S67井区古暗河岩溶洞穴分布

a.中下奥陶统顶面以下60 ms振幅属性；b.中下奥陶统鹰山组云质灰岩段顶(T₇⁶)以上60 ms振幅属性；c.暗河洞穴系统空间雕刻。

Figure 5. Plane distribution of paleokarst caves in S67 well block of Tahe Oilfield, Tarim Basin

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图 6 塔里木盆地塔河油田S67井区地下水位暗河地震响应特征

a.主干地下水位暗河标定地震剖面；b.主干地下水位暗河标定波阻抗剖面；c.支流地下水位暗河标定地震剖面；d.支流地下水位暗河标定波阻抗剖面；e.废弃地下水位暗河标定地震剖面；f.废弃地下水位暗河标定波阻抗剖面。剖面位置见图 5a。

Figure 6. Seismic response characteristics of water-table subterranean river of S67 well block of Tahe Oilfield, Tarim Basin

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图 7 塔里木盆地塔河油田S67井区潜流回路暗河地震响应特征

a.上升型潜流回流暗河(北支)标定地震剖面；b.上升型潜流回流暗河(北支)标定波阻抗剖面；c.上升型潜流回流暗河(南支)标定地震剖面；d.上升型潜流回流暗河(南支)标定波阻抗剖面；e.对称型潜流回流暗河标定地震剖面；f.对称型潜流回流暗河标定波阻抗剖面。剖面位置见图 5b。

Figure 7. Seismic response characteristics of phreatic loop subterranean river in S67 well block of Tahe Oilfield, Tarim Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 塔里木盆地塔河油田S67井区古暗河系统分布

Figure 8. Plane distribution of paleokarst subterranean river system of S67 well block of Tahe Oilfield, Tarim Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 塔里木盆地塔河油田S67井区古暗河系统发育模式示意

Figure 9. Development pattern of paleokarst subterranean river system of S67 well block of Tahe Oilfield, Tarim Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

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