含油砂岩抽提物中含氮化合物指标的有效性分析

朱楠; 王爱国; 郭凯; 吴春燕; 李春雨; 杨泽光; 何森森

doi:10.11781/sysydz202402393

含油砂岩抽提物中含氮化合物指标的有效性分析

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202402393

朱楠^{1, 2,},
王爱国^{1, 2, ,},
郭凯^{1, 2},
吴春燕³,
李春雨^{1, 2},
杨泽光^{1, 2},
何森森^{1, 2}

1.
西北大学地质学系, 西安 710069
2.
西北大学大陆动力学国家重点实验室, 西安 710069
3.
陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司研究院, 西安 710075

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金 41402115

陕西省自然科学基础研究计划 2020JQ-591

详细信息

作者简介:
朱楠(2000—)，女，硕士生，能源地质学专业。E-mail: zhunan@stumail.nwu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
王爱国(1984—)，男，博士，教授，从事油气地球化学和油气运移成藏研究。E-mail: wag@nwu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TE135
计量
- 文章访问数: 300
- HTML全文浏览量: 102
- PDF下载量: 16
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-05-15
- 修回日期: 2024-02-18
- 刊出日期: 2024-03-28

Effectiveness of nitrogen compound indices of oil-bearing sandstone extracts

ZHU Nan^{1, 2
,},
WANG Aiguo^{1, 2
, ,},
GUO Kai^{1, 2},
WU Chunyan³,
LI Chunyu^{1, 2},
YANG Zeguang^{1, 2},
HE Sensen^{1, 2}

1.
Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
3.
Research Institute of Yanchang Petroleum(Group) Co. Ltd., Xi'an, Shaanxi 710075, China

摘要

摘要: 在油样匮乏地区鲜见利用含氮化合物示踪油气运移的报道，究其原因是含油砂岩抽提物中含氮化合物指标的有效性还不清楚，为此，设计了2组、5种抽提方法的对比实验，探讨了含氮化合物指标的有效性。实验结果显示，随着抽提强度的增大，抽提物的1-/4-甲基咔唑和1, 8-/2, 7-二甲基咔唑的比值逐渐减小，但始终高于对照石油；苯并咔唑[a]/[c]比值则保持相对稳定并接近对照石油。分析认为，导致这些现象的根本原因是咔唑类异构体吸附能力的差异。在地表条件下，该差异导致咔唑类异构体在游离烃—吸附烃之间发生分馏；在抽提时，该差异还导致它们在抽提物—岩石之间发生分馏。这2种分馏作用控制了含油砂岩抽提物中含氮化合物指标的变化。相较于1-/4-甲基咔唑和1, 8-/2, 7-二甲基咔唑，苯并咔唑[a]/[c]受这2种分馏作用的影响较小，比值的变化主要受控于运移分馏作用，所指示的油气运移方向也符合地质实际，因而成为含油砂岩抽提物中有效的含氮化合物指标，可将其用于油样匮乏地区的石油运移示踪研究。
- 含氮化合物 /
- 抽提实验 /
- 抽提物 /
- 含油砂岩 /
- 油气运移 /
- 油气地球化学
Abstract: Reports on the utilization of nitrogen compounds to trace oil and gas migration in oil-scarce regions are limited. This scarcity can be attributed to the lack of clarity regarding the effectiveness of nitrogen compound indices in oil-bearing sandstone extracts. To address this knowledge gap, two sets of experiments were designed, encompassing five extraction methods, to evaluate the validity of nitrogen compound indices. The results showed that as the extraction intensity increased, the ratios of 1-/4-methylcarbazole and 1, 8-/2, 7-dimethylcarbazole in the extracts gradually decreased but remained consistently elevated compared to the control oils. The benzocarbazole [a]/[c] ratio remained relatively stable and closely aligned with the control oils. Upon analysis, it was concluded that the observed variations could be attributed to the differing adsorption capacities of carbazole isomers. These differences lead to the fractionation of carbazole isomers between free and adsorbed hydrocarbons under surface conditions, as well as between the extracts and rocks during the extraction process. In comparison to 1-/4-methylcarbazole and 1, 8-/2, 7-dimethylcarbazole, the benzocarbazole [a]/[c] ratio is less susceptible to these two fractionations, with its variations primarily governed by migration fractionation. Additionally, the indicated direction of oil and gas migration aligns with geological realities. Therefore, the benzocarbazole [a]/[c] ratio can be considered an effective nitrogen compound index in oil-bearing sandstone extracts, suitable for oil migration tracing studies in oil-scarce regions.
- nitrogen compound /
- extraction experiment /
- extract /
- oil-bearing sandstone /
- petroleum migration /
- petroleum geochemistry
注释:

利益冲突声明/Conflict of Interests

所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。

All authors disclose no relevant conflict of interests.

作者贡献/Authors’Contributions

朱楠、王爱国、吴春燕参与研究设计；郭凯、李春雨、杨泽光、何森森完成样品采集工作和实验操作；朱楠、王爱国参与论文写作和修改。所有作者均阅读并同意最终稿件的提交。

The study was designed by ZHU Nan, WANG Aiguo and WU Chunyan. The sample collection and experimental operation were completed by GUO Kai, LI Chunyu, YANG Zeguang and HE Sensen. The manuscript was drafted and revised by ZHU Nan and WANG Aiguo. All the authors have read the last version of paper and consented for submission.

HTML全文

图 1 鄂尔多斯盆地A井和B井延长组原油和含油砂岩抽提物中咔唑类化合物含量对比

Figure 1. Percent of carbazole compounds in crude oil and oil-bearing sandstone extracts from Yanchang Formation of wells A and B in Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 鄂尔多斯盆地A井和B井延长组原油和含油砂岩抽提物中含氮化合物指标对比

MC.甲基咔唑；DMC.二甲基咔唑；[a]/[c].苯并咔唑[a]/[c]。

Figure 2. Comparison of nitrogen compound indices between crude oil and oil-bearing sandstone extracts from Yanchang Formation of wells A and B in Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 鄂尔多斯盆地陕北斜坡延长组石油与含油砂岩抽提物含氮化合物指标对比

Figure 3. Comparison of nitrogen compound indices between oil and oil-bearing sandstone extracts from Yanchang Formation of wells A and B in Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 鄂尔多斯盆地陕北斜坡含油砂岩抽提物的含氮化合物指标示踪石油运移方向对比

a.长6砂体展布及长7烃源岩范围(据文献[27-28]修改)；b-c.X和Y地区内[a]/[c]指示的石油运移方向；d-e.X和Y地区内1-/4-MC和1, 8-/2, 7-DMC比值分布。

Figure 4. Comparison of petroleum migration direction indicated by nitrogen compound indices in oil-bearing sandstone extracts from Shaanbei Slope of Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 鄂尔多斯盆地陕北斜坡含油砂岩抽提物的代表性总离子流(TIC)图

Figure 5. Representative total ion chromatogram (TIC) of oil-bearing sandstone extracts from Shaanbei Slope of Ordos Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 鄂尔多斯盆地A井和B井延长组原油及5种抽提含油砂岩方法对比

Table 1. Comparison of crude oil and five extraction methods for oil-bearing sandstones from Yanchang Formation of wells A and B in Ordos Basin

样号	深度/m	样品类型	粉碎粒径/mm	抽提方法	样品重量/g
A	2 294.76	原油			0.025~0.050
A-1	2 294.76	含油砂岩	0.15	①混合溶剂+索氏抽提	20
A-2	2 294.76	含油砂岩	0.15	②混合溶剂+超声波抽提	20
A-3	2 294.76	含油砂岩	5~10	③混合溶剂+超声波抽提	20
A-4	2 294.76	含油砂岩	0.15	④正己烷+超声波抽提	20
A-5	2 294.76	含油砂岩	5~10	⑤正己烷+超声波抽提	20
B	2 223.52	原油			0.025~0.050
B-1	2 223.52	含油砂岩	0.15	①混合溶剂+索氏抽提	20
B-2	2 223.52	含油砂岩	0.15	②混合溶剂+超声波抽提	20
B-3	2 223.52	含油砂岩	5~10	③混合溶剂+超声波抽提	20
B-4	2 223.52	含油砂岩	0.15	④正己烷+超声波抽提	20
B-5	2 223.52	含油砂岩	5~10	⑤正己烷+超声波抽提	20
注：表中混合溶剂为二氯甲烷∶甲醇(9∶1，体积比)。

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 鄂尔多斯盆地A井和B井延长组原油和含油砂岩抽提物中咔唑类化合物含量

Table 2. Percent of carbazole compounds in crude oil and oil-bearing sandstone extracts of Yanchang Formation from well A and B in Ordos Basin %

样号	样品类型	咔唑	甲基咔唑	二甲基咔唑	三甲基咔唑	苯并咔唑	抽提物含量
A	原油	1.3	10.6	48.2	37.4	2.6
A-1	含油砂岩	18.0	17.4	43.2	16.4	5.2	0.12
A-2	含油砂岩	1.7	13.8	55.1	26.2	3.2	0.05
A-3	含油砂岩	1.6	14.1	55.0	25.1	4.2	0.06
A-4	含油砂岩	2.2	14.7	55.4	26.4	1.3	0.02
A-5	含油砂岩	2.7	15.6	55.3	24.6	1.8	0.03
B	原油	1.7	10.5	48.0	36.5	3.3
B-1	含油砂岩	3.3	23.6	50.6	17.5	5.0	0.81
B-2	含油砂岩	1.8	22.1	57.5	13.0	5.6	0.11
B-3	含油砂岩	1.7	24.1	57.2	10.2	6.9	0.08
B-4	含油砂岩	4.0	22.0	56.9	17.1	0.0	0.10
B-5	含油砂岩	3.6	21.6	59.4	15.4	0.0	0.08

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 鄂尔多斯盆地A井和B井延长组原油及含油砂岩抽提物中含氮化合物指标

Table 3. Comparison of nitrogen compound indices between crude oil and oil-bearing sandstone extracts from Yanchang Formation of wells A and B in Ordos Basin

样号	样品类型	抽提方法	1-/4-MC	1, 8-/2, 7-DMC	[a]/[c]	1, 6-/1, 7-DMC	1, 3-/1, 6-DMC
A	原油		2.23	1.63	0.99	0.86	1.00
A-1	含油砂岩	①混合溶剂+索氏抽提	3.28	2.41	0.84	0.92	0.74
A-2	含油砂岩	②混合溶剂+超声波抽提	8.44	4.54	1.54	0.82	0.76
A-3	含油砂岩	③混合溶剂+超声波抽提	5.95	3.33	1.39	0.85	0.67
A-4	含油砂岩	④正己烷+超声波抽提	7.89	21.84	1.03	0.63	0.92
A-5	含油砂岩	⑤正己烷+超声波抽提	6.45	11.13	1.13	0.67	0.78
B	原油		2.88	1.92	1.58	0.85	0.98
B-1	含油砂岩	①混合溶剂+索氏抽提	4.01	7.63	1.11	1.44	0.57
B-2	含油砂岩	②混合溶剂+超声波抽提	16.85	2.43	-	1.44	0.46
B-3	含油砂岩	③混合溶剂+超声波抽提	12.71	3.23	-	1.36	0.46
B-4	含油砂岩	④正己烷+超声波抽提	14.02	51.62	-	1.02	0.57
B-5	含油砂岩	⑤正己烷+超声波抽提	10.24	36.31	-	1.10	0.56
注：MC.甲基咔唑；DMC.二甲基咔唑，表中混合溶剂为二氯甲烷∶甲醇(9∶1，体积比)；[a]/[c].苯并咔唑[a]/[c]。

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 鄂尔多斯盆地陕北斜坡X、Y地区含油砂岩抽提物地球化学数据

Table 4. Geochemical data of oil-bearing sandstone extracts from X and Y areas of Shaanbei Slope, Ordos Basin

井名	Pr/nC₁₇	Ph/nC₁₈	Pr/Ph	伽马蜡烷指数	C₂₇/C₂₉规则甾烷	C₂₉20S/(S+R)	C₂₉ββ/(ββ+αα)	Ts/(Ts+Tm)	C₂₉Ts/C₃₀藿烷	重排藿烷指数
X1	0.51	0.55	0.80	0.07	1.16	0.47	0.53	0.44	0.15	0.06
X2	0.48	0.49	0.78	0.06	1.36	0.44	0.52	0.49	0.16	0.07
X3	0.53	0.54	0.76	0.07	1.19	0.44	0.53	0.46	0.16	0.07
X4	0.50	0.55	0.66	0.07	1.10	0.44	0.53	0.43	0.15	0.05
Y1	0.49	0.62	0.55	0.06	1.26	0.45	0.52	0.37	0.13	0.03
Y2	0.49	0.55	0.63	0.07	1.06	0.48	0.53	0.35	0.14	0.03

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(33)

[1]	郭佳, 牛博. 有机地球化学方法示踪石油运移的研究进展[J]. 吉林化工学院学报, 2016, 33(5): 1-4. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JHXY201605001.htm GUO Jia, NIU Bo. Progresses in organic geochemical studies on tracing oil migration[J]. Journal of Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, 2016, 33(5): 1-4. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-JHXY201605001.htm
[2]	刘洛夫, 徐新德, 毛东风, 等. 咔唑类化合物在油气运移研究中的应用初探[J]. 科学通报, 1997, 42(4): 420-423. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KXTB199704025.htm LIU Luofu, XU Xinde, MAO Dongfeng, et al. Application of carbazole compounds in study of hydrocarbon migration[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 1997, 42(23): 1970-1974. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KXTB199704025.htm
[3]	杨宪彰, 徐志明, 赵丹阳. 含氮化合物在油气地球化学中的应用[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2005, 16(6): 809-813. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-1926.2005.06.026 YANG Xianzhang, XU Zhiming, ZHAO Danyang. The using of nitrogen compounds in geochemistry[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2005, 16(6): 809-813. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-1926.2005.06.026
[4]	王铁冠, 李素梅, 张爱云, 等. 应用含氮化合物探讨新疆轮南油田油气运移[J]. 地质学报, 2000, 74(1): 85-93. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0001-5717.2000.01.009 WANG Tieguan, LI Sumei, ZHANG Aiyun, et al. A discussion on petroleum migration in the Lunnan Oilfield of Xinjiang based on nitrogen compounds[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2000, 74(1): 85-93. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0001-5717.2000.01.009
[5]	卢青, 包建平. 咔唑类化合物的地球化学意义及应用[J]. 广东石油化工学院学报, 2013, 23(6): 20-23. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-2562.2013.06.006 LU Qing, BAO Jianping. The overview of research progress on carbazole compounds[J]. Journal of Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, 2013, 23(6): 20-23. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-2562.2013.06.006
[6]	刘洛夫, 康永尚. 运用原油吡咯类含氮化合物研究塔里木盆地塔中地区石油的二次运移[J]. 地球化学, 1998, 27(5): 475-482. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0379-1726.1998.05.009 LIU Luofu, KANG Yongshang. Investigation on secondary migration of oils in central Tarim, Tarim Basin using pyrrolic nitrogen compounds[J]. Geochimica, 1998, 27(5): 475-482 doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0379-1726.1998.05.009
[7]	李贤庆, 侯读杰, 肖贤明, 等. 应用含氮化合物探讨油气运移和注入方向[J]. 石油实验地质, 2004, 26(2): 200-205. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-6112.2004.02.013 LI Xianqing, HOU Dujie, XIAO Xianming, et al. Study of oil migration and injection directions by nitrogen compounds[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2004, 26(2): 200-205. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-6112.2004.02.013
[8]	章倩倩, 田东恩, 马艳荣, 等. 应用含氮化合物判别油气运移的方向[J]. 长江大学学报(自然科学版), 2012, 9(5): 90-92. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CJDL201205031.htm ZHANG Qianqian, TIAN Dongen, MA Yanrong, et al. Methods of distinguishing nitrogen compound migration orientation by using carbazole compound[J]. Journal of Yangtze University(Natural Science Edition), 2012, 9(5): 90-92. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CJDL201205031.htm
[9]	张寒池. 新沟地区原油的含氮化合物分布及油气运移方向[J]. 化工管理, 2017(18): 47-48. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-4800.2017.18.034 ZHANG Hanchi. Distribution of nitrogen-containing compounds and oil and gas migration in Xingou area[J]. Chemical Enterprise Management, 2017(18): 47-48. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-4800.2017.18.034
[10]	付金华, 段明辰, 段毅, 等. 华庆地区长8原油含氮化合物及运移研究[J]. 中国矿业大学学报, 2017, 46(4): 838-845. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGKD201704018.htm FU Jinhua, DUAN Mingchen, DUAN Yi, et al. Characteristics of nitrogen compounds and migration of crude oil in Chang 8 subsection of Huaqing region in Ordos Basin, China[J]. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology, 2017, 46(4): 838-845. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGKD201704018.htm
[11]	DIAS L C, BAHIA P V B, DO AMARAL D N, et al. Nitrogen compounds as molecular markers: an overview of analytical methodologies for its determination in crude oils and source rock extracts[J]. Microchemical Journal, 2020, 157: 105039. doi: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105039
[12]	LI Maowen, LARTER S R, STODDART D, et al. Fractionation of pyrrolic nitrogen compounds in petroleum during migration: derivation of migration-related geochemical parameters[J]. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 1995, 86(1): 103-123. doi: 10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.086.01.09
[13]	ZIEGS V, NOAH M, POETZ S, et al. Unravelling maturity- and migration-related carbazole and phenol distributions in Central Graben crude oils[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2018, 94: 114-130. doi: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2018.03.039
[14]	FABOYA O L, SONIBARE O O, LIAO Zewen, et al. Occurrence and distribution of carbazoles and benzocarbazoles in Tertiary Niger delta source rocks[J]. Petroleum Science and Technology, 2014, 32(24): 2938-2952. doi: 10.1080/10916466.2014.926922
[15]	LI Maowen, LARTER S R, FROLOV Y B, et al. Adsorptive interaction between nitrogen compounds and organic and/or mineral phases in subsurface rocks. Models for compositional fractionation of pyrrolic nitrogen compounds in petroleum during petroleum migration[J]. Journal of High Resolution Chromatography, 1994, 17(4): 230-236. doi: 10.1002/jhrc.1240170408
[16]	LI Chao, CHEN Guojun, LI Xiaotian, et al. The occurrence of tight oil in the Chang 8 lacustrine sandstone of the Huaqing area, Ordos Basin: insights into the content of adsorbed oil and its controlling factors[J]. Journal of Natural Gas Geoscience, 2022, 7(1): 27-37. doi: 10.1016/j.jnggs.2021.11.001
[17]	刘俊海, 陈小宏, 杨香华. 吡咯类含氮化合物油气运移参数适用性研究[C]//第四届油气成藏机理与资源评价国际学术研讨会论文集. 北京: 石油工业出版社, 2006. LIU Junhai, CHEN Xiaohong, YANG Xianghua. Study on the applicability of hydrocarbon migration parameters of pyrrole nitrogen-containing compounds[C]//The 4th International Symposium on Reservoir Mechanism and Resource Evaluation. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 2006.
[18]	易传俊, 陈小慧. 含油页岩连续抽提物芳烃与含氮化合物组成特征[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2017, 17(29): 233-240. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-1815.2017.29.034 YI Chuanjun, CHEN Xiaohui. Aromatic hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon composition characteristics of sequential extracts of oil-bearing shales with different polarity reagents[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2017, 17(29): 233-240. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-1815.2017.29.034
[19]	陈小慧, 张敏. 含油页岩不同极性试剂连续抽提物饱和烃组成特征[J]. 大庆石油地质与开发, 2017, 36(3): 168-174. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQSK201703031.htm CHEN Xiaohui, ZHANG Min. Composition characteristics of the saturated hydrocarbon of the sequential extracts from the oil-bearing shales with different polarity reagents[J]. Petroleum Geology and Oilfield Development in Daqing, 2017, 36(3): 168-174. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DQSK201703031.htm
[20]	张宝, 包建平. 有机含氮化合物研究新进展[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2004, 15(2): 182-186. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-1926.2004.02.018 ZHANG Bao, BAO Jianping. New progress on organonitrogen compound studies[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2004, 15(2): 182-186. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-1926.2004.02.018
[21]	丛奇, 陈君青, 卢贵武, 等. 利用分子动力学模拟研究页岩吸附能力的影响因素及微观机理的综述[J]. 中南大学学报(自然科学版), 2022, 53(9): 3474-3489. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZNGD202209015.htm CONG Qi, CHEN Junqing, LU Guiwu, et al. Review on influencing factors and microscopic mechanism of shale adsorption capacity by molecular dynamics simulation[J]. Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology), 2022, 53(9): 3474-3489. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZNGD202209015.htm
[22]	王永诗, 李政, 王民, 等. 渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷陆相页岩油吸附控制因素[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2022, 43(3): 489-498. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT202203001.htm WANG Yongshi, LI Zheng, WANG Min, et al. Factors controlling lacustrine shale oil adsorption in the Jiyang Depression, Bohai Bay Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2022, 43(3): 489-498. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT202203001.htm
[23]	王帅. 鄂尔多斯盆地华庆地区延长组油气储层与输导体系研究[D]. 大庆: 东北石油大学, 2014. WANG Shuai. Research on the oil and gas reservoir and pathway systems in Yanchang Group of Huaqing area, Ordos's Basin[D]. Daqing: Northeast Petroleum University, 2014.
[24]	QU Hongjun, YANG Bo, GAO Shengli, et al. Controls on hydrocarbon accumulation by facies and fluid potential in large-scale lacustrine petroliferous basins in compressional settings: a case study of the Mesozoic Ordos Basin, China[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2020, 122: 104668.
[25]	杨泽光. 鄂尔多斯盆地三边北地区长6、长7石油成藏过程[D]. 西安: 西北大学, 2022. YANG Zeguang. Petroleum accumulation process of Chang 6 and Chang 7 member in Sanbianbei area, Ordos Basin[D]. Xi'an: Northwest University, 2022.
[26]	王乃军, 赵靖舟, 赵卫卫, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系长6油层组"准连续型"油气藏成藏主控因素[J]. 兰州大学学报(自然科学版), 2012, 48(4): 8-13. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-LDZK201204004.htm WANG Naijun, ZHAO Jingzhou, ZHAO Weiwei, et al. Key controlling factors for petroleum accumulation in "quasi-continuous" oil reservoirs of Chang 6 oil-bearing formation of Triassic, Ordos Basin[J]. Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences), 2012, 48(4): 8-13. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-LDZK201204004.htm
[27]	廖青. 鄂尔多斯盆地长7段有效烃源岩及其控油作用[D]. 北京: 中国石油大学(北京), 2019. LIAO Qing. Effective source rock and its control to crude oil in the Chang 7 member of the Ordos Basin[D]. Beijing: China University of Petroleum (Beijing), 2019.
[28]	付金华, 郭正权, 邓秀芹. 鄂尔多斯盆地西南地区上三叠统延长组沉积相及石油地质意义[J]. 古地理学报, 2005, 7(1): 34-44. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GDLX200501004.htm FU Jinhua, GUO Zhengquan, DENG Xiuqin, et al. Sedimentary facies of the Yanchang Formation of Upper Triassic and petroleum geological implication in southwestern Ordos Basin[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography, 2005, 7(1): 34-44. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GDLX200501004.htm
[29]	王青春, 朱扬明, 贺萍, 等. 中性含氮化合物的演化及地化意义[J]. 地质地球化学, 2002, 30(4): 15-19. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZDQ200204002.htm WANG Qingchun, ZHU Yangming, HE Ping, et al. Evolution of neutral nitrogen-containing compounds and geochemical significance[J]. Geology-Geochemistry, 2002, 30(4): 15-19. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DZDQ200204002.htm
[30]	张枝焕, 王铁冠, 吴水平, 等. 原油中部分吡咯类含氮化合物运移参数的适用性[J]. 成都理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2004, 31(2): 162-167. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CDLG200402010.htm ZHANG Zhihuan, WANG Tieguan, WU Shuiping, et al. Discussion on effects of pyrrolic nitrogen compound parameters on petroleum migration[J]. Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science & Technology Edition), 2004, 31(2): 162-167. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CDLG200402010.htm
[31]	张春明, 赵红静, 梅博文, 等. 微生物降解对原油中咔唑类化合物的影响[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 1999, 20(4): 341-343. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT199904015.htm ZHANG Chunming, ZHAO Hongjing, MEI Bowen, et al. Effect of biodegradation on carbazole compounds in crude oils[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 1999, 20(4): 341-343. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYYT199904015.htm
[32]	王传远, 段毅, 杜建国. 母源、沉积环境和成熟度对中性含氮化合物分布的影响[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2008, 29(3): 299-302. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XJSD200803006.htm WANG Chuanyuan, DUAN Yi, DU Jianguo. The effects of source rock, depositional environment and maturity on distribution of neutral nitrogen compounds[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2008, 29(3): 299-302. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XJSD200803006.htm
[33]	LI Maowen, FOWLER M G, OBERMAJER M, et al. Geochemical characterization of Middle Devonian oils in NW Alberta, Canada: possible source and maturity effect on pyrrolic nitrogen compounds[J]. Organic Geochemistry, 1999, 30(9): 1039-1057.