Technique and preliminary application of field analysis of water content for continental shale cores
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摘要: 陆相页岩层系的流体分析是页岩油选层评价的重要基础。针对陆相页岩层系流体表征技术的现状和钻井现场的需求，基于岩心样品中水分易于散失的特性，探索建立了适用于井场基于微波的岩样含水快速测试方法。岩心出筒擦除表面的钻井液之后，第一时间采集具有代表性的块状岩样加载到破碎主机上破碎处理呈颗粒状，将颗粒状的样品倒入加载到微波含水测定仪的样品杯中，2 s后即可得到岩样水分的质量分数，测试绝对误差平均0.15%。初步应用研究表明：一是岩样水分检测结果可以转换为水分在样品孔隙系统中占据的孔隙空间，结合井场热解等资料快速计算样品的视孔隙度，为井场决策提供数据支撑；二是结合岩样块密度和热解数据等资料，计算岩心样品的视含油饱和度和视含水饱和度，实现井场岩样流体的快速评价。该方法的应用不需要对岩样进行洗油和烘干处理，缩短了分析周期，丰富了适用于井场的岩心孔隙度、流体分析实验技术手段和方法。Abstract: Fluid analysis of continental shale layers plays a crucial role in evaluating shale oil layer selection. Given the current state of technologies of fluid characterization for continental shale layers and well-site requirements, a rapid method for testing water content of rock sample was developed in this study which uses microwave and is ideal for well site. After removing drilling fluid from the core surface, rock samples are promptly collected and crushed into particles using a mill. These granular samples are then placed in the sample cups of a microwave water content tester. Within 2 seconds, mass percentage data for the rock water sample can be obtained, with an average absolute error of ±0.15%. Initial application studies demonstrate promising prospects for moisture detection data in rock samples. Firstly, the water detection results can be used to calculate the pore space occupied by water in the sample's pore system, enabling quick determination of the sample's apparent porosity when combined with well site pyrolysis data. Secondly, the apparent oil saturation and apparent water saturation of core samples can be calculated based on rock sample density and pyrolysis data, facilitating rapid evaluation of rock sample fluids at the well site. This method eliminates the washing and drying processes for rock samples, reduces analysis time, and consequently enhanced the experimental techniques for core porosity and fluid analysis at well sites.
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图 2 材料的含水率与微波相移和衰减的关系
据参考文献[35]修改。
Figure 2. Relationship between moisture content and microwave phase shift and attenuation of the material
图 4 利用含水量和游离油含量(S1)计算视孔隙度图版
Figure 4. Apparent porosity chart calculated using water content and free oil content (S1)
图 5 利用含水量和游离油含量(S1) 计算视含油饱和度图版
Figure 5. Apparent oil saturation chart calculated using water content and free oil content (S1)
表 1 柱塞样品与颗粒状样品含水测定数据对比
Table 1. Comparison of water content determination data between plunger and granular samples
样品号 柱塞样含水率/% 颗粒样含水率/% 绝对误差/ % 平均绝对误差/% 1 1.52 1.67 -0.15 0.24 2 1.92 1.93 -0.01 3 1.63 1.61 0.03 4 0.24 0.45 -0.22 5 2.84 2.36 0.48 6 3.85 4.00 -0.15 7 2.36 2.73 -0.37 8 3.10 3.41 -0.30 9 5.70 5.73 -0.03 10 4.43 3.82 0.62 
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表 2 标准样品含水量标称值与实测值数据对比
Table 2. Comparison of nominal and measured water content data of standard sample
项目 样品号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 标称值/% 0.80 0.76 1.25 1.07 1.10 1.99 1.38 1.88 1.75 2.28 1.62 3.05 2.28 2.74 2.26 实测值/% 0.79 0.76 1.25 1.19 1.11 2.02 1.20 1.95 1.41 2.01 1.95 2.90 2.41 2.24 2.31 绝对误差/% 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.12 0.01 0.03 0.18 0.07 0.34 0.27 0.33 0.14 0.12 0.50 0.05
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