基于数字散斑变形模拟实验的深部复杂断块应力场传递特征研究

冯建伟; 郑晨曦; 刘水珍; 周重安; 吴文柯; 沈郅阳

doi:10.11781/sysydz202404710

基于数字散斑变形模拟实验的深部复杂断块应力场传递特征研究

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202404710

1.
中国矿业大学资源与地球科学学院, 江苏徐州 221116
2.
中国石油大学(华东) 地球科学与技术学院, 山东青岛 266580

基金项目:

国家自然基金面上项目 42072234

中国石油重大科技项目 ZD2019-183-006

详细信息

作者简介:
冯建伟(1979—), 男, 博士, 教授, 从事构造地质学、地质力学研究。E-mail: Linqu_fengjw@126.com

通讯作者:
刘水珍(1995—), 女, 博士生, 从事构造地质学研究。E-mail: 826997394@qq.com

中图分类号: TE135
计量
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-04-04
- 修回日期: 2024-06-26
- 刊出日期: 2024-07-28

Stress field propagation characteristics of deep complex fault blocks based on digital speckle deformation simulation experiment

1.
School of Resources and Geosciences, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
2.
School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China

摘要

摘要: 在油田勘探开发过程中，地应力研究在掌握深层油气的运聚规律、改善储层压裂效果和钻井工程风险评价等方面发挥着重要的作用。而前人对地应力的研究主要集中在二维/三维模拟方面，对区域构造变动和生产开发过程中的应力动态变化规律研究甚少。以渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷G区块为例，通过制作相似地质模型，设置边界条件并进行数字散斑变形动态模拟实验，基于LOESS局部回归分析方法，得到应力/应变在空间上的传播规律。结合经典的应力波理论认为，在构造力的持续作用下，地层中任一点的应力/应变随时间的变化呈现明显的旋回波动性，在断层附近这种旋回特征更加明显，且旋回幅度更大；应力波穿过断层发生多重反射、透射现象，众多左行波与右行波相遇造成局部应力和应变集中，从而呈现为高值区，穿过断层时应力波产生应变或变形，导致明显的能量衰减；随着时间的变化，应力/应变的总体传播方向具有选择性，其总是垂直于断裂带压实强、结构致密的方向，即透射过后会造成能量急剧衰减的方向；随着时间的变化，地层中任一点应力/应变的传播均呈现为波动旋回式，但应力波不同于声波，整体来看，应力/应变旋回曲线的最大幅度和最小幅度在空间上沿着作用力方向也呈现为波动式。
- 应力传播 /
- 数字散斑实验 /
- 复杂断块 /
- 旋回特征 /
- 应力波 /
- 南堡凹陷 /
- 渤海湾盆地
Abstract: In the process of oilfield exploration and development, the study of crustal stress plays an extremely important role in understanding the patterns of deep oil and gas migration and accumulation, enhancing reservoir fracturing efficiency and assessing drilling engineering risks. Previous studies on crustal stress have mainly focused on 2D/3D simulations, with very little research on regional structural changes and stress dynamic changes in the process of production and development. Taking block G of the Nanpu Sag of Bohai Bay Basin as an example, by creating similar geological models, setting boundary conditions, and conducting digital speckle deformation dynamic simulation experiment, the spatial propagation characteristics of stress/strain were obtained using the LOESS local regression analysis method. Combined with the classical stress wave theory, it was concluded that under the continuous action of tectonic force, the change of stress/strain at any point in the layer over time shows obvious cyclic volatility. This cyclic characteristic is more evident near the fault, with larger cyclic amplitude. Multiple reflections and transmissions occur when the stress wave passes through the fault. When numerous leftgoing waves meet rightgoing waves, the local stress and strain are concentrated, forming high-value areas. When a stress wave passes through a fault, the resulting strain causes a significant energy attenuation. Over time, the direction of stress/strain propagation is selective, always perpendicular to the direction of strong compaction and dense structure of the fault, leading to sharp energy decay after transmission. Over time, the propagation of stress/strain at any point in the formation appears as a wave cycle. However, unlike sound waves, the maximum and minimum amplitudes of the stress/strain cycle curve exhibit fluctuation characteristics along the direction of the applied force in space.
- stress propagation /
- digital speckle experiment /
- complex fault block /
- cyclical features /
- stress wave /
- Nanpu Sag /
- Bohai Bay Basin
注释:

利益冲突声明/Conflict of Interests

所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。

All authors disclose no relevant conflict of interests.

作者贡献/Authors’Contributions

冯建伟、刘水珍参与研究方法和技术手段讨论、设计；冯建伟、刘水珍、郑晨曦参与研究方法和技术手段的实践应用；冯建伟、郑晨曦、刘水珍、吴文柯参与论文写作和修改；冯建伟、郑晨曦、刘水珍、周重安、沈郅阳参与图件绘制与修改。所有作者均阅读并同意最终稿件的提交。

FENG Jianwei and LIU Shuizhen participated in the discussion and design of research methods and technical means. FENG Jianwei, LIU Shuizhen, and ZHENG Chenxi participated in the practical application of research methods and technical means. FENG Jianwei, ZHENG Chenxi, LIU Shuizhen, and WU Wenke participated in the writing and revision of the paper. FENG Jianwei, ZHENG Chenxi, LIU Shuizhen, ZHOU Chongan and SHEN Zhiyang participated in the drawing and modification of the figures. All authors have read the last version of the paper and consented to its submission.

HTML全文

图 1 数字散斑变形模拟实验模型制作过程示意图

Figure 1. Fabrication process of experimental model for digital speckle deformation simulation

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图 2 数字散斑测试系统工作流程和实验现场

Figure 2. Workflow and experimental setup of digital speckle testing system

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图 3 根据应变椭圆计算应力与应变

Figure 3. Calculation of stress and strain based on strain ellipse

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图 4 数字散斑变形模拟实验中0~400 s时间段内应变分布

Figure 4. Strain distribution in 0-400 s period during digital speckle deformation simulation experiment

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图 5 数字散斑变形模拟实验中应变随时间的变化趋势及其拟合曲线

a.第一类拟合趋势；b.第一类拟合函数曲线；c.第二类拟合趋势；d. 第二类拟合函数曲线；e.第三类拟合趋势；f.第三类拟合函数曲线。左图中的黑点为应变—时间数据真实数值散点，曲线则是通过LOESS局部加权回归拟合出的曲线，阴影部分为95%的置信区间，即出现异常值的概率仅为5%。

Figure 5. Trends of strain variation with time and corresponding fitted curves in digital speckle deformation simulation experiment

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图 6 三类点和断层在应变/应力场中的分布

Figure 6. Distribution of three types of points and faults in strain/stress field

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图 7 数字散斑变形模拟实验中点应变幅度与断层应变幅度

Figure 7. Point strain amplitude and fault strain amplitude in digital speckle deformation simulation experiment

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图 8 数字散斑变形模拟实验中应力波叠加示意图

Figure 8. Stress wave superposition in digital speckle deformation simulation experiment

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表 1 数字散斑变形模拟实验中模型的力学参数

Table 1. Mechanical parameters of the model in digital speckle deformation simulation experiment

	弹性模量/GPa	泊松比	抗压强度/MPa	密度/(g/cm³)	实验模型对应材料
地层	5.5	0.24	8.5	2.1	水泥为主
断层	0.8	0.24	1.2	1.7	石膏为主

下载: 导出CSV

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