深层页岩气水平井天然裂缝发育特征及其对精细开发的启示——以川南泸州区块五峰组—龙马溪组为例

杨学锋; 夏自强; 赵圣贤; 何沅翰; 高瑞琪; 曹埒焰

doi:10.11781/sysydz202404735

深层页岩气水平井天然裂缝发育特征及其对精细开发的启示——以川南泸州区块五峰组—龙马溪组为例

doi: 10.11781/sysydz202404735

杨学锋^{1, 2,},
夏自强^{1, 2, ,},
赵圣贤^{1, 2},
何沅翰^{1, 2},
高瑞琪^{1, 2},
曹埒焰^{1, 2}

1.
中国石油西南油气田分公司页岩气研究院, 成都 610051
2.
页岩气评价与开采四川省重点实验室, 成都 610091

基金项目:

中国石油天然气集团有限公司科技项目“页岩气规模增储上产与勘探开发技术研究” 2023ZZ21

中国石油西南油气田分公司科研项目“川南页岩气立体开发模式与技术政策研究” 20220304-06

详细信息

作者简介:
杨学锋(1978—), 男, 博士, 高级工程师, 从事油气田开发研究。E-mail: yangxuef@petrochina.com.cn

通讯作者:
夏自强(1992—), 男, 硕士, 工程师, 从事页岩气开发地质研究。E-mail: xiaziqiang@petrochina.com.cn

中图分类号: TE122.33
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-01-25
- 修回日期: 2024-06-11
- 刊出日期: 2024-07-28

Development characteristics of natural fractures in horizontal wells for deep shale gas and their implications for enhanced development: a case study of Wufeng-Longmaxi formations in Luzhou area, southern Sichuan Basin

YANG Xuefeng^{1, 2
,},
XIA Ziqiang^{1, 2
, ,},
ZHAO Shengxian^{1, 2},
HE Yuanhan^{1, 2},
GAO Ruiqi^{1, 2},
CAO Lieyan^{1, 2}

1.
Shale Gas Research Institute of PetroChina Southwest Oil & Gasfield Company, Chengdu, Sichuan 610051, China
2.
Shale Gas Evaluation and Exploitation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610091, China

摘要

摘要: 天然裂缝发育特征分析是深层页岩气勘探开发评价的重要环节，对储层品质综合评价、压裂差异化设计具有指导意义。以四川盆地南部(以下简称川南)泸州区块五峰组—龙马溪组深层页岩为研究对象，综合利用岩心分析化验、水平井成像测井和地震等资料，从岩心天然裂缝描述、水平井成像测井发育特征、水平井天然裂缝与地震预测裂缝带之间的匹配关系等方面进行了系统研究。结果表明：水平井成像测井可准确识别3种天然裂缝类型，即高导缝、高阻缝和微断层；水平井识别裂缝走向与现今最大水平主应力方向一致，裂缝倾角分布规律与处于相同构造部位的评价井直井段总体相似；地震预测裂缝带控制成像测井岩心尺度天然裂缝发育，中强度曲率体裂缝带、低强度曲率体裂缝带、蚂蚁体裂缝带对岩心尺度天然裂缝的影响距离分别为110、80、30~50 m。泸州区块岩心尺度天然裂缝具“双高”特征(倾角高、方解石充填程度高)，揭示的水平井岩心尺度天然裂缝发育特征与直井段、地震预测裂缝带之间的对应匹配关系，可为川南地区海相页岩天然裂缝精细表征、储层分类评价和差异化压裂工艺试验攻关方向提供借鉴。
- 水平井 /
- 天然裂缝 /
- 深层页岩气 /
- 五峰组 /
- 龙马溪组 /
- 泸州区块 /
- 四川盆地
Abstract: The analysis of natural fracture development characteristics is crucial for evaluating deep shale gas exploration and development. It provides valuable insights for assessing reservoir quality comprehensively and designing fracturing strategies differentially. This study focused on the deep shale of the Wufeng-Longmaxi formations in Luzhou area of southern Sichuan Basin (hereinafter referred to as southern Sichuan). Using core analysis, horizontal well imaging logging and seismic data, this study systematically investigated aspects such as descriptions of core natural fractures, development characteristics of horizontal well imaging logging, and the correlation between natural fractures in horizontal wells and seismically predicted fracture zones. The results show that horizontal well imaging logging can accurately identify three types of natural fractures: high-conductivity fractures, high-resistance fractures, and micro-faults. The fracture orientations identified by horizontal wells align with the direction of the current maximum horizontal principal stress, with fracture dip distribution patterns similar to those observed in vertical evaluation wells in the same structural positions. Seismically predicted fracture zones control the development of core-scale natural fractures identified through imaging logging. The influence distances of medium-intensity curvature body fracture zones, low-intensity curvature body fracture zones, and ant-track fracture zones on core-scale fractures are 110, 80, and 30-50 m, respectively. The Luzhou area's core-scale natural fractures exhibit "double-high" characteristics (high dip angle and high degree of calcite filling). The revealed correlations between the deve-lopment characteristics of core-scale natural fractures in horizontal wells, vertical well sections and seismic fracture zones serve as valuable references for the fine characterization of natural fractures, reservoir classification evaluation and differential fracturing technology testing of marine shale in southern Sichuan.
- horizontal well /
- natural fracture /
- deep shale gas /
- Wufeng Formation /
- Longmaxi Formation /
- Luzhou area /
- Sichuan Basin
注释:

利益冲突声明/Conflict of Interests

所有作者声明不存在利益冲突。

All authors disclose no relevant conflict of interests.

作者贡献/Authors’Contributions

杨学锋、夏自强、赵圣贤参与论文设计、写作和修改，何沅翰、高瑞琪、曹埒焰参与数据整理与绘图。所有作者均阅读并同意最终稿件的提交。

YANG Xuefeng, XIA Ziqiang and ZHAO Shengxian participated in the design, writing and revision of the paper. HE Yuanhan, GAO Ruiqi and CAO Lieyan contributed to data compilation and drawing. All authors have read the last version of the paper and consented to its submission.

HTML全文

图 1 四川盆地南部泸州区块区域构造位置(a)和五峰组底界构造(b)

Figure 1. Structural location (a) and bottom structure of Wufeng Formation (b) of Luzhou area, southern Sichuan Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 四川盆地南部泸州区块LU2井五峰组—龙一₁亚段储层综合柱状图

Figure 2. Comprehensive histogram of Wufeng Formation to S₁l₁¹ sub-member reservoir in well LU2, Luzhou area, southern Sichuan Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 四川盆地南部泸州区块LU2井天然裂缝发育特征

a.龙一₁亚段①小层，水平页理缝，充填方解石，缝面平整；b.五峰组，水平顺层滑脱缝，全充填方解石，缝面见擦痕；c.龙一₁亚段④小层，直立剪切缝，全充填方解石，缝面平直、光滑；d.五峰组，直立张性缝，全充填方解石，缝面弯曲、缝体宽度变化明显；e.龙一₁亚段⑤小层，异常高压缝，半充填方解石和沥青，形状不规则，缝体中部宽，向两端快速减小。

Figure 3. Development characteristics of natural fractures in well LU2, Luzhou area, southern Sichuan Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 评价井成像测井裂缝识别示意(a)及四川盆地南部泸州区块天然裂缝岩心滚扫照片和对应成像测井特征(b)

a图据参考文献[38]修改。

Figure 4. Fracture identification by imaging logging for appraisal wells (a), and rolling scan photos and corresponding imaging logging characteristics of natural fractures in Luzhou area, southern Sichuan Basin (b)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 四川盆地南部泸州区块水平井成像测井上岩层界面及直立缝发育特征

Figure 5. Development characteristics of rock layer interface and vertical fractures shown by imaging logging of horizontal wells in Luzhou area, southern Sichuan Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 四川盆地南部泸州区块LU12-2井水平井成像测井裂缝特征

a.微断层，图像可见轻微错动；b.高阻缝，图像见典型亮色正弦曲线；c.高导缝，图像见近水平的暗色低角度正弦曲线。

Figure 6. Fracture characteristics shown by imaging logging of horizontal well LU12-2 in Luzhou area, southern Sichuan Basin

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图 7 四川盆地南部泸州区块LU12-2井裂缝产状分布

Figure 7. Fracture occurrence in well LU12-2, Luzhou area, southern Sichuan Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 四川盆地南部泸州区块LU12-2井井周地震预测多级天然裂缝分布

据参考文献[6] 修改。

Figure 8. Distribution of multi-level natural fractures predicted by seismic logging around well LU12-2, Luzhou area, southern Sichuan Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 四川盆地十八道湾剖面五峰组—龙马溪组断层附近天然裂缝发育特征

据参考文献[41] 修改。

Figure 9. Development characteristics of natural fractures near faults in Wufeng-Longmaxi formations of Shibadaowan section in Sichuan Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 四川盆地南部泸州区块LU12-2井水平井成像测井天然裂缝分布

Figure 10. Natural fracture distribution from horizontal well imaging logging in well LU12-2, Luzhou area, southern Sichuan Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 11 四川盆地南部泸州区块气井压裂液酸液比例与每米EUR相关性

Figure 11. Correlation between acid liquid ratio of gas well fracturing fluid and EUR per meter in Luzhou area, southern Sichuan Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 四川盆地五峰组—龙马溪组储层分类标准^[42]

Table 1. Reservoir classification standard for Wufeng-Longmaxi formations in Sichuan Basin

参数	页岩储层
参数	Ⅰ类储层	Ⅱ类储层	Ⅲ类储层
有机碳含量/%	≥3	2~3	1~2
有效孔隙度/%	≥5	3~5	1~3
脆性指数	≥55	45~55	30~45
含气量/(m³/t)	≥3	2~3	1~2

下载: 导出CSV

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