松辽盆地白垩系青山口组页岩沉积环境及其含油性特征

白昕; 陈睿倩; 商斐; 张楠

doi:10.11781/sysydz2024051063

松辽盆地白垩系青山口组页岩沉积环境及其含油性特征

doi: 10.11781/sysydz2024051063

白昕^{1, 2,},
陈睿倩^{1, 2, ,},
商斐³,
张楠^{1, 2}

1.
中国石油大学(北京) 油气资源与探测国家重点实验室, 北京 102249
2.
中国石油大学(北京) 地球科学学院, 北京 102249
3.
中国石油勘探开发研究院, 北京 100083

基金项目:

中国石油勘探与生产分公司科技支撑项目“松辽盆地综合地质研究与预探目标优选”子课题“松辽盆地致密油/页岩油富集机理与甜点区评价” KT2018-06-01

详细信息

作者简介:
白昕(1998—)，男，硕士，从事页岩油评价相关研究。E-mail: 3098785796@qq.com

通讯作者:
陈睿倩(1987—)，女，博士，副教授，从事石油地质学和地球化学研究。E-mail: richen@cup.edu.cn

中图分类号: TE122.1
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- 文章访问数: 122
- HTML全文浏览量: 51
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-09-14
- 修回日期: 2024-07-26
- 刊出日期: 2024-09-28

Sedimentary environment and oil-bearing characteristics of shale in Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation in Songliao Basin

BAI Xin^{1, 2
,},
CHEN Ruiqian^{1, 2
, ,},
SHANG Fei³,
ZHANG Nan^{1, 2}

1.
State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
2.
College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
3.
Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, Beijing 100083, China

摘要

摘要: 松辽盆地上白垩统青山口组页岩地层厚度大、分布广泛，有机质丰度高，蕴含了丰富的页岩油资源。对页岩地层形成时沉积环境的研究，以及对页岩油富集层段含油性特征的探索，可为页岩油富集层段与甜点的预测提供理论依据。结合前人的研究成果，通过对比松辽盆地中央坳陷区不同凹陷的2口典型井——古龙凹陷GY8HC井和三肇凹陷ZY1井部分样品的总有机碳(TOC)含量、热解数据、有机显微组分类型以及主、微量元素，深入研究了2个凹陷青山口组页岩的含油性差异与沉积环境特征，进而对含油性差异的影响因素进行了分析。研究区青山口组2口典型井的页岩含油性相关指标显示，ZY1井页岩TOC含量显著高于GY8HC井，但其游离烃含量与含油饱和度指数比GY8HC井低。页岩形成时的地球化学环境控制着有机质的富集。对比2口井样品的主、微量元素发现，ZY1井青山口组沉积时期气候更加湿润、水体还原性强，且其古生产力以及古水深要显著高于GY8HC井。这些条件都有利于有机质的保存，因而形成了ZY1井页岩更高的有机质丰度。GY8HC井有机质类型是以腐泥质为主的Ⅰ型干酪根，且处于成熟—高成熟阶段；而ZY1井有机质类型以Ⅱ₁型干酪根为主，Ⅰ型含量较少，并处于低熟—成熟阶段，因此，GY8HC井页岩的生油潜力更好。
- 含油性 /
- 沉积环境 /
- 生油潜力 /
- 页岩 /
- 青山口组 /
- 白垩系 /
- 松辽盆地
Abstract: The Upper Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation in the Songliao Basin contains thick, widespread, and organic matter-rich shale layers, offering abundant shale oil resources. Studying the sedimentary environment during shale formation and exploring the oil-bearing characteristics of shale oil enrichment intervals provide a theoretical basis for the prediction of the intervals and sweet spots. Based on previous research, the study compared organic carbon content, pyrolysis data, types of organic macerals, and major and trace elements of samples from two typical wells of different sags, well GY8HC in the Gulong Sag and well ZY1 in the Sanzhao Sag, in the central depression zone of the Songliao Basin. The analysis delved into the differences in oil-bearing characteristics and sedimentary environment of the Qingshankou Formation shales in two different sags, further analyzing the factors influencing these differences. The oil-bearing indicators of shales from the two wells in the Qingshankou Formation of the Songliao Basin showed that the total organic carbon (TOC) content in well ZY1 was significantly higher than that in well GY8HC. However, the free hydrocarbon content (S₁) and oil saturation index (OSI) in well ZY1 were lower than those in well GY8HC. The geochemical environment during shale formation controlled organic matter enrichment. Comparing major and trace elements in samples from both wells, it was found that the climate in well ZY1 was more humid during its sedimentary period, the water body had stronger reducing conditions, and its paleoproductivity and paleo-water depth were significantly higher than those in well GY8HC. These conditions were favorable for the preservation of organic matter, thereby forming a higher organic matter abundance in the shale of well ZY1. In addition, it was found that the organic matter type in well GY8HC is mainly Type Ⅰ, sapropelic kerogen, at a mature to highly mature stage, whereas well ZY1 contains mainly Type Ⅱ₁ kerogen, with less Type Ⅰ, at a low to mature stage. Therefore, the shale in well GY8HC possesses better oil generation potential.
- oil-bearing characteristics /
- sedimentary environment /
- oil generation potential /
- shale /
- Qingshankou Formation /
- Cretaceous /
- Songliao Basin
注释:

利益冲突声明/Conflict of Interests

作者陈睿倩是本刊青年编委会成员，未参与本文的同行评审或决策。

Author CHEN Ruiqian is a Young Editorial Board Member of this journal. CHEN Ruiqian did not take part in peer review or decision making of this article.

作者贡献/Authors’Contributions

商斐参与实验设计；白昕、张楠完成实验操作；白昕、陈睿倩参与论文的写作和修改。所有作者均阅读并同意最终稿件的提交。

The study was designed by SHANG Fei. The experimental operation was completed by BAI Xin and ZHANG Nan. The manuscript was drafted and revised by BAI Xin and CHEN Ruiqian. All authors have read the last version of the paper and consented to its submission.

HTML全文

图 1 松辽盆地构造单元划分(a)及其地层综合柱状图(b)

据参考文献[13]修改。

Figure 1. Tectonic unit division of Songliao Basin (a) and comprehensive stratigraphic column (b)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 松辽盆地古龙凹陷GY8HC井(a)和三肇凹陷ZY1井(b)含油性特征纵向变化

Figure 2. Longitudinal variation of oil-bearing characteristics in well GY8HC of Gulong Sag (a) and well ZY1 of Sanzhao Sag (b), Songliao Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 松辽盆地不同凹陷2口典型井白垩系青山口组页岩TOC含量与S₁关系

Figure 3. Relationship between total organic carbon (TOC) content and free hydrocarbon content (S₁) in shale of Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation from two typical wells in different sags of Songliao Basin

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图 4 松辽盆地白垩系青山口组页岩古生产力指标纵向变化

Figure 4. Longitudinal variation of paleoproductivity indicators for shale of Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation, Songliao Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 松辽盆地2口典型井的沉积环境指标交会图

Figure 5. Cross plotts of sedimentary environment indicators from two typical wells in Songliao Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 松辽盆地白垩系青山口组沉积环境特征

Figure 6. Sedimentary environment characteristics of Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation in Songliao Basin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 松辽盆地白垩系青山口组页岩有机显微组分与古生物镜下照片

a.深灰色富有机质黏土质页岩，反射荧光(蓝光激发)，沥青质体(B)中偶见小孢子体(MiS)，2 525.6 m，GY8HC井；b.纹层状钙质页岩，反射荧光(蓝光激发)，矿物沥青基质(MB)中见藻类体(Alg)富集分布，2 481.5 m，GY8HC井；c.油浸，反射单偏光下黏土矿物(Cl)基底中见沥青质体充填于岩石孔隙中，黄铁矿(Py)呈团粒状分布，2 021.1 m，ZY1井；d.深灰色页岩，反射荧光(蓝光激发)，小孢子体大致平行层面分布，1 987.6 m，ZY1井；e.油浸，反射单偏光下黏土矿物基底中见镜质体(V)破碎呈条带状，碎屑惰质体(ID)零散分布，黄铁矿团粒易见，1 964.6 m，ZY1井；f.油浸，反射单偏光下黏土矿物基底中见丝质体(F)破碎呈不规则块状，沥青质体充填于裂隙中或吸附于黏土矿物中，黄铁矿团粒易见，2 026.1 m，ZY1井；g.生物介壳灰岩，椭圆形生物介壳杂乱分布，1 955.61 m，ZY1井；h.纹层状黏土质页岩，反射荧光(蓝光激发)，矿物沥青基质中见藻类体富集呈层状分布，小孢子体呈蠕虫状，2 476 m，GY8HC井；i.黏土质页岩，反射荧光(蓝光激发)，矿物沥青基质中见小孢子体呈蠕虫状大致平行层面分布，藻类体呈椭球状，2 384.17 m，GY8HC井。

Figure 7. Microscopic photographs of organic macerals and microfossils in shale of Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation in Songliao Basin

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图 8 松辽盆地2口典型井白垩系青山口组页岩的T_max与I_H交会图

Figure 8. Cross plotts of T_max and I_H in shale of Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation from two typical wells in Songliao Basin

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图 9 松辽盆地2口典型井白垩系青山口组页岩的T_max数据箱线

Figure 9. Box plotts of T_max data for shale of Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation from two typical wells in Songliao Basin

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表 1 松辽盆地2口井白垩系青山口组页岩含油性特征对比

Table 1. Comparison of oil-bearing characteristics of shale in Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation from two wells in Songliao Basin

井号	深度/m	层段	ω(TOC)/%	S₁/(mg/g)	OSI/(mg/g)
ZY1	2 020.1~2 050.1	Ⅰ	$\frac{0.39 \sim 8.32}{3.72} $	$\frac{0.15 \sim 17.40}{8.01} $	$\frac{37.76 \sim 379.76}{208.78} $
ZY1	1 920.6~2 020.1	Ⅱ	$\frac{0.47 \sim 4.96}{2.21} $	$\frac{0.26 \sim 9.53}{2.96} $	$\frac{35.94 \sim 555.99}{137.70} $
GY8HC	2 460.8~2 532.8	Ⅰ	$\frac{0.55 \sim 3.74}{1.75} $	$\frac{0.31 \sim 12.18}{5.54} $	$\frac{56.86 \sim 482.09}{310.28} $
GY8HC	2 340.8~2 460.8	Ⅱ	$\frac{0.29 \sim 2.95}{1.36} $	$\frac{0.64 \sim 8.54}{4.17} $	$\frac{147.14 \sim 528.11}{302.75} $
注：表中分式意义为$\frac{最小值 \sim 最大值}{平均值} $。

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